Health and safety have been the most important concerns in waste management formany years. However, nowadays society demands that as well as being safe, waste managementmust also be sustainable. The management of a sustainable Municipal Solid Waste is anecessary but not-prioritized aspect of environmental management in most countries with lowand middle income.This study purposes an analysis of technologies, in order to select the best and mostsuitable practices in Sustainable Waste Management Systems already applied or in advancedlevel of research in developed and developing countries. The target countries for receiving thisstudy of waste system are located in Western Africa: Ghana, Côte d‟Ivoire, Senegal andNigeria.The analysis of collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste, with focus onorganic matter, was presented in two groups. The first group, “collection and transportation”was analysed with attention to aspects and stakeholders presented in the Integrated SustainableWaste Management framework. In the second group, “treatment and disposal”, each technologywas analysed based on aspects of sustainable development. The decision-support software Web-HIPRE was also used to frame the final rank of solutions for the African scenario.The conclusions for those analyses were that the creation of micro and small enterprisesand community based organizations for collection and transportation should strongly beencouraged. They generate not just new employment but awareness among the population aswell. As for the treatment and disposal of organic household waste, two promising technologiesare decentralized composting and home composting with plastic bins.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) in Vietnam has been increasing quickly and became one of the most considered environmental problems in Mekong Delta (MD) region covering 13 provinces and municipalities in the south of Vietnam. With a considerably large amount of MSW, the region produces about 5% of the total amount of MSW of the country. The collection rate of solid waste is about quite high (65 - 72%) in the cities and rather low (about 40 - 55%) in the rural areas, with a high content in organic matter (about 60 - 85%). The climate of MD can be characterized as tropical and monsoonal with a high rate of humidity and a strong impact of flooding. Like other regions too, the MSW collection and treatment system is still underdeveloped and rudimentary, with disposal sites being the sole dumping method of the unsorted MSW remaining untreated by any mechanical and biological pre-treatment steps. Within this paper, the current treatment, management and operation of MSW systems are introduced, as well as the identification of advantages and disadvantages, environmental impacts, potential risks of the MSW system within the impact of global climate change. The situation of MSW treatment and management is correlated with the climate change impact and the integrated solid waste management is introduced as a new approach for adapting the environmental protection awareness by considering the climate change for the longterm sustainable development orientation. / Sự gia tăng chất thải rắn ở các đô thị Việt Nam ngày càng nhanh và chất thải rắn đang là một trong những vấn đề môi trường được quan tâm hàng đầu. Đồng bằng Sông Cửu Long (ĐBSCL) nơi có đến 13 tỉnh và thành phố nằm ở phía Nam Việt Nam. Với lượng chất thải không nhỏ, chiếm khoảng 5 % tổng lượng chất thải rắn sinh hoạt của quốc gia. Tỷ lệ thu gom chất thải rắn thấp, chiếm khoảng 65 - 72 % ở thành thị, tỷ lệ này ở nông thôn thấp 40 - 55%, chất thải có hàm lượng hữu cơ cao chiếm khoảng 60 - 85%. Khí hậu nhiệt đới gió mùa với độ ẩm không khí cao và chịu ảnh hưởng lớn của lũ lụt hàng năm. Cũng như các khu vực khác, hệ thống thu gom và xử lý rác thải ở khu vực ĐBSCL còn rất thô sơ và lạc hậu, bãi rác là nơi duy nhất tiếp nhận trực tiếp hổnhợp rác thải không phân loại và qua bất kỳ công đoạn tiền xử lý nào. Trong phạm vi bài viết này, chúng tôi giới thiệu hoạt động vận hành hệ thống quản lý và xử lý rác đô thị trong khu vực đồng thời phân tích các thuận lợi và bất lợi, cũng như các tác động môi trường, những rủi ro tiềm ẩn trong điều kiện ảnh hưởng của biến đổi khí hậu toàn cầu - khu vực ĐBSCL là nơi chịu ảnh hưởng nặng nề nhất. Tình hình quản lý và xử lý rác được cân nhắc trong điều kiện tác động của biến đổi khí hậu, đồng thời quản lý tổng hợp rác thải cũng được đề xuất như một các tiếp cận mới nhằm đáp ứng nhiệm vụ bảo vệ môi trường trong điều kiện biến đổi khí hậu theo định hướng phát triển bền vững lâu dài.

The study was designed to generate data and information necessary for designing an appropriate sustainable solid waste management system, and examining the socio-economic benefits of urban municipal so lid waste management through job creation opportunities (albeit mainly informal) in Lesotho. The review of literature on the integrated solid waste management systems at international, regional and local levels in relation to job creation was carried out with a view to establish the necessity of carrying out this research. In addition, specific solid waste management experiences and practices in other countries have been cited. In Lesotho, investors and donors have, for long expressed the need for formulation of solid waste management policy and guidelines formulated in the country in order to create an enabling environment for investment. However, the process of preparing policy and guidelines requires substantial data and information. This study supplemented this effort by gathering data and information. The data and information gathered were on the existing policies and regulatory framework concerning waste management; waste generation rates, types and quantity from domestic, industrial and commercial establishments; recycling activities; and the waste harvesting (scavenging) activities. The study was undertaken in Maseru and Maputsoe, being the hub of commercial and industrial activities in the country. The data and information may also be useful to other SADC countries From the results of the study, it has been concluded that in Lesotho, paper was the most commonly generated waste in all the categories: domestic, industrial and commercial establishments. Plastic was the second category of the most commonly generated waste, which was followed by organic waste, and then, beverage cans. The study established that the weighted average household generation rate for the surveyed areas was: 0.13 Kg per capita day-I. In the same findings, it occurred that overall, households contribution to waste generation in the surveyed areas ranked second to commercial establishments despite their low per capita, in comparison with industrial establishments. The study has further concluded that out of an estimated total quantity of 157552 tonnes per annum of waste generated in Maseru, commercial establishments contributed 82%, while households contribute 15% and industrial establishments 3%. Households generated more waste than industries because they were in large numbers and hence contributed more than fewer industries. It has also been established that the household waste generation is dependent on incomes ofthese households, but had poor relationship with regard to the number of persons per household. To this effect, it was seen that high-income households generated more waste than low-income. The study further showed that where the municipal council offered waste collection service, not all recipients paid for this service. However, there was a general willingness- to- pay for the waste collection service by all sectors, on condition that there was an improvement in the offering of this service; and if made available where currently not offered. Furthermore, there was a general indication of affordability for these services up to a certain amount (albeit minimal) per different sectors. On the other hand, the information collected strongly indicated the need to invest more in solid waste management if this would be a means of employment creation and improvement of the environment. On the overall, the study revealed that there was a low level of awareness on waste related policy and regulatory instruments, and fragmented legal framework on waste management in Lesotho. The study also established that currently, solid waste as an informal sector generated an estimated profit of MO.7rnillion per annum from waste recycling related activities and that this informal sector generated about 282 jobs. In addition to these benefits, the question of solid waste as a source of biomass energy was another beneficial route in Lesotho. It has been established that the combustible organic waste was highly sought after as a source of energy for cooking and heating. However, besides the benefits, these activities also gave rise to some adverse impacts. The waste harvesters expressed that their health had been negatively impacted upon by the waste scavenging activities. Needless to suggest that there would be a need by the government to intervene in this problem by formalising these waste harvesting activities. It is hoped that this study would serve as a reservoiur for the source of data and information and for Lesotho and that other countries in the SADC Region shall fmd this document a useful tool. / Theses (Ph.D.)-University of Westville, 2002.

The bioreactor landfill is an emerging concept for solid waste management that has gained significant attention in the last decade. This technology employs specific operational practices to enhance the microbial decomposition processes in landfills. However, the unsupervised management and lack of operational guidelines for the bioreactor landfill, specifically leachate manipulation and recirculation processes, usually results in less than optimal system performance. Therefore, these limitations have led to the development of SMART (Sensor-based Monitoring and Remote-control Technology), an expert control system that utilizes real-time monitoring of key system parameters in the management of bioreactor landfills. SMART replaces conventional open-loop control with a feedback control system that aids the human operator in making decisions and managing complex control issues. The target from this control system is to provide optimum conditions for the biodegradation of the refuse, and also, to enhance the performance of the bioreactor in terms of biogas generation. SMART includes multiple cascading logic controllers and mathematical calculations through which the quantity and quality of the recirculated solution are determined. The expert system computes the required quantities of leachate, buffer, supplemental water, and nutritional amendments in order to provide the bioreactor landfill microbial consortia with their optimum growth requirements. Soft computational methods, particularly fuzzy logic, were incorporated in the logic controllers of SMART so as to accommodate the uncertainty, complexity, and nonlinearity of the bioreactor landfill processes. Fuzzy logic was used to solve complex operational issues in the control program of SMART including: (1) identify the current operational phase of the bioreactor landfill based on quantifiable parameters of the leachate generated and biogas produced, (2) evaluate the toxicological status of the leachate based on certain parameters that directly contribute to or indirectly indicates bacterial inhibition, and (3) predict biogas generation rates based on the operational phase, leachate recirculation, and sludge addition. The later fuzzy logic model was upgraded to a hybrid model that employed the learning algorithm of artificial neural networks to optimize the model parameters. SMART was applied to a pilot-scale bioreactor landfill prototype that incorporated the hardware components (sensors, communication devices, and control elements) and the software components (user interface and control program) of the system. During a one-year monitoring period, the feasibility and effectiveness of the SMART system were evaluated in terms of multiple leachate, biogas, and waste parameters. In addition, leachate heating was evaluated as a potential temperature control tool in bioreactor landfills. The pilot-scale implementation of SMART demonstrated the applicability of the system. SMART led to a significant improvement in the overall performance of the BL in terms of methane production and leachate stabilization. Temperature control via recirculation of heated leachate achieved high degradation rates of organic matter and improved the methanogenic activity.

Mémoire (M.E.S.R.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. / Résumé disponible sur Internet. CaQCU Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Submitted by Karina Tonelli Silveira Dias null (kaasdias@live.com) on 2018-02-26T19:06:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KarinaDias_PGAD_TUPA_021028.pdf: 1965480 bytes, checksum: 91fe7ccc86915e49dece9207404943a0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Eliana Katia Pupim (katiapupim@tupa.unesp.br) on 2018-03-02T19:50:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dias _kts_me_tupa.pdf: 1965480 bytes, checksum: 91fe7ccc86915e49dece9207404943a0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-02T19:51:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dias _kts_me_tupa.pdf: 1965480 bytes, checksum: 91fe7ccc86915e49dece9207404943a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-01 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A logística empresarial, tanto direta quanto reversa, é uma importante atividade da cadeia de suprimentos, capaz de gerir matéria-prima, estoques, transportes, informações, entre outros recursos. Diretamente relacionada a fatores ambientais, a logística reversa ganha destaque no contexto empresarial, principalmente após a criação da abordagem da green supply chain management. Esta considera os aspectos ambientais e financeiros relacionados ao ciclo de vida do produto, o que envolve a participação de todos os elos da cadeia a qual ele pertence. Impulsionada por fatores ambientais, legais, sociais e econômicos, a logística reversa surge como uma oportunidade de ganhos, principalmente para o setor do varejo supermercadista, que é um grande gerador de resíduos recicláveis, advindos das embalagens de transporte dos produtos que serão comercializados. Diante disso, o objetivo do trabalho é analisar como as organizações supermercadistas utilizam a logística reversa, como ferramenta para gestão de retornos de embalagens plásticas e de papelão, para adquirir melhor resultado ambiental e financeiro, proposto pela abordagem da green supply chain management. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de multicasos junto a uma rede de supermercados. Uma vez que a abordagem do estudo trabalha sobre o conceito da green supply chain management, primeiramente foi identificada, por meio de literatura, a cadeia de pós-consumo do plástico e do papelão, no que diz respeito aos elos posteriores ao descarte do varejista e aos possíveis impactos ambientais gerados sobre as atividades de produção, descarte e reciclagem dos materiais. Posteriormente, dada a identificação de que a cadeia de reciclagem é a melhor solução sob o aspecto ambiental, e correlacionada esta atividade à logística reversa, foi dado início ao estudo de caso. Por meio deste, foi feita a caracterização de como a atividade ocorre na organização, bem como obtidos os volumes de materiais originados, as receitas, investimentos, custos e despesas incorridas sobre a atividade. Estes dados foram analisados segundo os aspectos ambientais e financeiros. Nas análises ambientais, foram apresentados os volumes de materiais que são destinados à logística reversa. Como complemento, o método de Material Input Per Service Unit (MIPS) foi utilizado. Para a análise dos resultados financeiros, foi feita uma estatística descritiva sobre os volumes e preço recebido pela venda do material. Esta permitiu a elaboração de três cenários (pessimista, realista e otimista), determinados segundo o volume de materiais. Estes ainda variaram segundo as receitas obtidas. Para cada um dos cenários foram elaborados fluxos de caixa e calculados índices financeiros (VPL e TIR). Como principais resultados, identificou-se que a organização varejista, bem como os compradores dos materiais, está preocupada com os aspectos ambientais e percebem a importância da logística reversa para o retorno do material ao ciclo produtivo. Entretanto, a questão financeira recebe maior ênfase. De fato, a rentabilidade gerada é atrativa, tanto para organizações que possuem altos volumes de materiais quanto para organizações com volumes menores e vendendo-os a um preço menor do que o praticado no mercado de sucatas. Contudo, por ser uma atividade recentemente implantada na organização, esta ainda está em adaptação e vêm recebendo ênfase nos últimos anos. Assim, há possíveis melhorias a serem desenvolvidas na atividade reversa. / The Business Logistics, both direct and reverse, are an important activity in the supply chain, capable of managing raw materials, inventories, transportation, information, and other resources. Directly related to environmental factors, reverse logistics is highlighted in the business context, especially after the creation of the green supply chain management approach. It considers the environmental and financial aspects related to the product life cycle, which involves the participation of all links in the chain to which it belongs. Promoted by environmental, legal, social and economic factors, reverse logistics appears as an opportunity for gains, mainly for the grocery retail, which is a large generator of recyclable waste, coming from the packaging of the products that will be commercialized. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze how supermarket organizations use reverse logistics as a tool to manage plastic and cardboard returns to achieve a better environmental and financial result, proposed by the green supply chain management approach. For that, a multicases study was carried out with a supermarket chain. Since the approach of the study works on the concept of green supply chain management, the post-consumption chain of plastic and paperboard was first identified through literature, concerning to the links after the retailer's disposal, and to the possible environmental impacts generated on the activities of production, disposal and recycling of materials. Subsequently, given the identification that the recycling chain is the best solution from the environmental aspect, and correlated this activity with reverse logistics, the case study was started. Through this, the characterization of how the activity occurs in the organization, as well as the volumes of materials originated, the revenues, investments, costs and expenses incurred on the activity were obtained. These data were analyzed according to environmental and financial aspects. In the environmental analyzes, the volumes of materials destined to the reverse logistics were presented. As a complement, the Material Input Per Service Unit (MIPS) method was used. For the analysis of the financial results, a descriptive statistic was made on the volumes and price received for the sale of the material. This allowed the elaboration of three scenarios (pessimistic, realist and optimistic), determined according to the volume of materials. These still varied according to the revenue obtained. For each of the scenarios, cash flows were elaborated and financial indices (NPV and IRR) were calculated. As main results, it was identified that the retail organization, as well as the purchasers of the materials, is concerned with the environmental aspects and realize the importance of the reverse logistics for the return of the material to the productive cycle. However, the financial issue receive more emphasis. Indeed, the profitability generated is attractive, both for organizations that have high volumes of materials and for organizations with smaller volumes and selling them at a lower price than the one practiced in the scrap market. However, because it is an activity recently implemented in the organization, it is still in adaptation and has received an emphasis in recent years. Thus, there are possible improvements to be developed in reverse activity. / FAPESP: 2016/01328-8

A operação de um aterro sanitário é um item fundamental para a gestão adequada dos resíduos por se tratar de um dos diferenciais entre aterros sanitários e lixões. Apesar da existência na literatura de manuais e referências para as rotinas de operação, esta é dependente da experiência dos operadores. Com o intuito de absorver esta experiência, o desenvolvimento do projeto se deu por um levantamento bibliográfico na literatura existente, elaboração de um questionário a ser aplicado nos aterros estudados, visitas aos aterros sanitários selecionados e estudo comparativo dos procedimentos encontrados no levantamento de campo e na literatura. O trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a operação de aterros sanitários no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e para sua realização foram selecionados cinco aterros sanitários: Aterro Sanitário de Piraí, Central de Tratamento de Resíduos de Rio das Ostras, Central de Tratamento de Resíduos de Macaé, Aterro Sanitário de São Pedro da Aldeia e Central de Tratamento de Resíduos de Nova Iguaçu. / The operation of a landfill is a key item for the proper management of waste as it is one of the differences between landfills and dumps. Despite the existence of manuals and literature references to the routine operation, this is dependent on the experience of operators. In order to absorb this experience, the development of the project grew from the search of references in the existing literature, developing a questionnaire to be applied in landfills studied visits to landfills and comparative study of the procedures found in visits to selected sites and in the literature.The paper presents a study on the operation of landfills in the state of Rio de Janeiro and was conducted in five landfills: Landfill of Piraí, Central Waste Treatment of Rio das Ostras, Central Waste Treatment of Macaé, Landfill of São Pedro da Aldeia and Central Waste Treatment of Nova Iguaçu.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:53:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3625509 bytes, checksum: 0dde7209fc465db91fa2de9c8f51496f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The correct use of the knowledge, technological innovation of the material and organizational resources necessary for the accomplishment of a municipal administration of solid residues adapted presupposes of political will, of use of modern tools for that end and of personnel qualified that makes possible the inherent processes. In that construction, the sustainability is fundamental, as component of environmental respect and to the future generations and it should be orientating of all of the actions of the process, since with the implantation of the administration of residues, old practices should be abandoned, allowing better life quality for the population. This work, developed in the city of Iguatu (CE), it had as objective verifies the local reality as for the practices adopted in the administration of solid residues, as well as to analyze the conformity with the criteria of environmental sustainability and to the guidelines of the National Politics of Solid Residues (NPSR). The methodological proposal consisted of field research, with rising of qualitative and quantitative data, regarding the generation, destination and administration of the solid residues. For so much, interviews were accomplished with representatives of the municipal general offices of works and environment, as well as it analyzes of information of the IBGE Institute. Visits were accomplished to the lacking community's residences of the neighborhood of Chapadinha, where they were applied questionnaires and accomplished interviews, as well as I register through picture and filming. The results evidenced that the community's practices differ a lot of an ideal model of sustainability, because countless deficiencies and fragilities still exist no overcome by the municipal administration and already internalized culturally for the population. It is ended that the prioritization of tools of promotion of the environmental education, together with the elaboration and maintenance of a program of environmental administration of residues, it could minimize the impact socio-environmental in medium period. / A utilização correta do conhecimento, inovação tecnológica dos recursos materiais e organizacionais necessários para a realização de uma gestão municipal de resíduos sólidos adequada, pressupõe de vontade política, de utilização de ferramentas modernas para esse fim e de pessoal capacitado que viabilize os processos inerentes. Nessa construção, a sustentabilidade é fundamental, como componente de respeito ambiental e às gerações futuras e deve ser norteadora de todas as ações do processo, já que com a implantação da gestão de resíduos, antigas práticas devem ser abandonadas, permitindo melhor qualidade de vida para a população. Este trabalho, desenvolvido na cidade de Iguatu (CE), teve como objetivo verificar a realidade local quanto às práticas adotadas na gestão de resíduos sólidos, bem como analisar a conformidade com os critérios de sustentabilidade ambiental e as diretrizes da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS). A proposta metodológica consistiu em pesquisa de campo, com levantamento de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, a respeito da geração, destinação e gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas com representantes das Secretarias Municipais de Obras e Meio Ambiente, bem como análise de informações do Instituto IBGE. Foram realizadas visitas às residências da comunidade carente do bairro Chapadinha, onde foram aplicados questionários e realizadas entrevistas, bem como registro por meio de fotografia e filmagem. Os resultados evidenciaram que as práticas da comunidade diferem muito de um modelo ideal de sustentabilidade, visto que existem inúmeras deficiências e fragilidades ainda não superadas pela administração municipal e já internalizadas culturalmente pela população. Conclui-se que a priorização de ferramentas de promoção da educação ambiental, juntamente com a elaboração e manutenção de um programa de gestão ambiental de resíduos, poderia minimizar o impacto socioambiental em médio prazo.

Submitted by JAMILE PRISCILA SACCA null (jamilejps@hotmail.com) on 2017-05-12T00:22:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertacaoPosCivilJamile_final_entrega.pdf: 1850442 bytes, checksum: fd6f5f502d3ae7e0d86561dd32a5e9a1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-12T14:08:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_jps_me_bauru.pdf: 1850442 bytes, checksum: fd6f5f502d3ae7e0d86561dd32a5e9a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:08:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_jps_me_bauru.pdf: 1850442 bytes, checksum: fd6f5f502d3ae7e0d86561dd32a5e9a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-06 / A Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos compõe um dos principais itens para garantia de proteção ambiental. O objetivo principal da presente pesquisa é elaborar um estudo que analise a qualidade na gestão de resíduos sólidos em municípios de pequeno porte, abrangendo um estudo de caso para os municípios de Fernão e Gália, Estado de São Paulo. O presente trabalho foi baseado na pesquisa metodológica e empírica. Avaliando os dados obtidos, em relação ao diagnóstico socioeconômico e ao Programa Município Verde e Azul, conclui-se que os melhores resultados foram destacados pelo município de Fernão, considerando principalmente a disponibilidade de recursos e maior número de certificações. Quanto ao Índice de Qualidade de Gestão de Resíduos (IQR), ambos os municípios apresentaram valores compatíveis com a legislação vigente. Ressalta-se que o município de Fernão, na maioria do período analisado, esteve próximo do limite superior de qualidade. Considerando os Planos Municipais de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos e os Planos Municipais de Saneamento Básico, verifica-se que em ambos os municípios há defasagem de conteúdo, não atendendo as exigências legais. Quanto à infraestrutura dos municípios, em ambos os casos as maiores dificuldades ou problemas estão relacionadas à participação da comunidade nas ações de gestão, a carência de recursos e a falta de aplicação da lei, por meio de fiscalizações. O IQG e IGR expõem que os municípios apresentaram um valor próximo do limite superior, destacando melhores resultados ao município de Gália. Por fim, nota-se que a participação do gestor municipal nas decisões do gestor de resíduos admite ao município melhores desempenhos nos programas governamentais. A capacitação do gestor de resíduos garante a avaliação e execução consistentes dos planos municipais de gestão e a influência política pode interferir no desempenho dos programas governamentais. Este diagnóstico poderá auxiliará as prefeituras a se adequarem à legislação vigente, garantindo a execução de suas políticas públicas estratégicas, visando o desenvolvimento sustentável e a eficiência da gestão ambiental. / The Management of Urban Solid Waste composes one of the main items to guarantee environmental protection. The main objective of the present research is to elaborate a study that analyzes the quality in solid waste management in small municipalities, covering a case study for the municipalities of Fernão and Gália, State of São Paulo. The present work was based on methodological and empirical research. Evaluating the data obtained, in relation to the socioeconomic diagnosis and the Green and Blue Municipality Program, it is concluded that the best results were highlighted by the municipality of Fernão, considering the availability of resources and a greater number of certifications. Regarding the Quality index of waste management (IQR), both municipalities presented values compatible with the current legislation. It should be noted that the municipality of Fernão, during the majority of the analyzed period, was close to the upper quality limit. Considering the Municipal Plans of Integrated Solid Waste Management and the Municipal Plans of Basic Sanitation, it is verified that in both municipalities there is content lag, not meeting the legal requirements. As for the infrastructure of municipalities, in both cases the greatest difficulties or problems are related to community participation in management actions, lack of resources and lack of law enforcement, through inspections. The IQG and IGR expose the municipalities presented a value near the upper limit, highlighting better results for the municipality of Gaul. Finally, it is noticed that the participation of the municipal manager in the decisions of the waste manager admits to the municipality better performances in the governmental programs. The training of the waste manager ensures consistent evaluation and enforcement of municipal management plans and political influence can interfere with the performance of government programs. This diagnosis will help municipalities to comply with current legislation, ensuring the implementation of their strategic public policies, aiming at the sustainable development and efficiency of environmental management.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-11-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:59:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 hamada_p_me_bauru.pdf: 1698779 bytes, checksum: bf06663324c8e7f49fb5d04a9ba520bf (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Apesar da melhoria evidente das áreas de destinação final de RSU, detectada através de IQR (Índice de Qualidade de Aterro de Resíduos) desenvolvido pela CETESB (Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo), ao longo dos anos, observam-se oscilações significativas desse índice para um mesmo município. Isto pode significar que existem dificuldades inerentes à gestão, que têm implicações diretas sobre a qualidade desses serviços. Muitos brasileiros abordam a necessidade de implantação dos planos de gestão de resíduos, como inserido nas resoluções do CONAMA (Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente) e nas políticas estaduais e nacionais de resíduos sólidos. Em geral as abordagens acabam sendo pontuais pela administração municipal ou difusas pelos estudiosos carecendo de métodos que não somente avaliem a gestão, mas que também indiquem claramente os pontos críticos do sistema. O objetivo principal da presente pesquisa é formular um índice que avalie a qualidade da gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos, com base em um modelo multicriterial, fundamentado na estratégia geral de gestão. O modelo foi de acordo com a abordagem apresentada por Leopold et. al. (1971) apud McBean et. al. (1995), dispondo-se em dois níveis hierárquicos, o Grupo Prioritário (Recurso Humano, Legislação e Planejamento e Ações) e Específico (delimitações dentro do Prioritário). Para a avaliação da importância das atividades de gestão foi utilizado o método Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), na qual foram consultados 14 especialistas do assunto. Foi considerado como fator de maior relevância entre os Grupos Prioritários para a gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos o quesito Recurso Humano, com 50% de importância. O modelo foi aplicado em três municípios paulistas: Lençois Paulista, Bauru e Sorocaba. O valor máximo do índice é 1,0. Após uma avaliação... / The Environmental company of the state of São Paulo has detected since 1997 and improvement on the final waste disposal on the state, through a Landfill Quality Index (IQR). Over the year of analyses, the ICQ presents significant oscillations. This may indicate that there are inherent difficulties in the management, which have direct implications on the quality of the landfills operations and of the sanitary services. Some anttention has been adress to the need of the implementation of waste management plans and policies, as mentioned in a very briefy way in waste resolutins and policies. This approach became generally punctual by the municipal administration and diffuses by researchers. Which this scenario, methods that assess not only management, but also indicate critical points of the systems, are required. The main purpose of this research is to develop an index to evaluate the quality of municipal solid waste management, based on a multicriteria and on the overall management strategy. The model presents two levels: the Priority Group (Human Resource, Planning and Organization) and Specific Group (specifications of the Priority Group). The method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to evaluate the relative importance of the mangement activities. Fourteen experts were consulted to measure the importance of each management activities. It was considered that the most important factor of the waste management is the Human Resource item, which had a 50% of Priority Group representation. The index was applied and assessed in three São Paulo's municipalities: Lençois Paulista, Bauru e Sorocaba. The top value for the index is 1,0. Sorocaba and Lençóis Paulista presented the best wast management according to the index