<p>This thesis focuses on responses in raised bogs to changes in the effective humidity during the Holocene. Raised bogs are terrestrial deposits that can provide contiguous records of past climate changes. Information on and knowledge about past changes in climate is crucial for our understanding of natural climate variability. Analyses on different spatial and temporal scales have been conducted on a number of raised bogs in south-central Sweden in order to gain more knowledge about Holocene climate variability.</p><p>Peatlands are useful as palaeoenvironmental archives because they develop over the course of millennia and provide a multi-faceted contiguous outlook on the past. Peat humification, a proxy for bog surface wetness, has been used to reconstruct palaeoclimate. In addition measurements of carbon and nitrogen on sub-recent peat from two bogs have been performed. The chronologies have been constrained by AMS radiocarbon dates and tephrochronology and by SCPs for the sub-recent peat.</p><p>A comparison between a peat humification record from Värmland, south-central Sweden, and a dendrochronological record from Jämtland, north-central Sweden, indicates several synchronous changes between drier and wetter climate. This implies that changes in hydrology operate on a regional scale.</p><p>In a high resolution study of two bogs in Uppland, south-central Sweden, C, N and peat humification have been compared to bog water tables inferred from testate amoebae and with meteorological data covering the last 150 years. The results indicate that peat can be subjected to secondary decomposition, resulting in an apparent lead in peat humification and C/N compared to biological proxies and meteorological data.</p><p>Several periods of wetter conditions are indicated from the analysis of five peat sequences from three bogs in Värmland. Wetter conditions around especially c. 4500, 3500, 2800 and 1700-1000 cal yr BP can be correlated to several other climate records across the North Atlantic region and Scandinavia, indicating wetter and/or cooler climatic conditions at these times. Frequency analyses of two bogs indicate periodicities between 200 and 400 years that may be caused by cycles in solar activity.</p>

This thesis focuses on responses in raised bogs to changes in the effective humidity during the Holocene. Raised bogs are terrestrial deposits that can provide contiguous records of past climate changes. Information on and knowledge about past changes in climate is crucial for our understanding of natural climate variability. Analyses on different spatial and temporal scales have been conducted on a number of raised bogs in south-central Sweden in order to gain more knowledge about Holocene climate variability. Peatlands are useful as palaeoenvironmental archives because they develop over the course of millennia and provide a multi-faceted contiguous outlook on the past. Peat humification, a proxy for bog surface wetness, has been used to reconstruct palaeoclimate. In addition measurements of carbon and nitrogen on sub-recent peat from two bogs have been performed. The chronologies have been constrained by AMS radiocarbon dates and tephrochronology and by SCPs for the sub-recent peat. A comparison between a peat humification record from Värmland, south-central Sweden, and a dendrochronological record from Jämtland, north-central Sweden, indicates several synchronous changes between drier and wetter climate. This implies that changes in hydrology operate on a regional scale. In a high resolution study of two bogs in Uppland, south-central Sweden, C, N and peat humification have been compared to bog water tables inferred from testate amoebae and with meteorological data covering the last 150 years. The results indicate that peat can be subjected to secondary decomposition, resulting in an apparent lead in peat humification and C/N compared to biological proxies and meteorological data. Several periods of wetter conditions are indicated from the analysis of five peat sequences from three bogs in Värmland. Wetter conditions around especially c. 4500, 3500, 2800 and 1700-1000 cal yr BP can be correlated to several other climate records across the North Atlantic region and Scandinavia, indicating wetter and/or cooler climatic conditions at these times. Frequency analyses of two bogs indicate periodicities between 200 and 400 years that may be caused by cycles in solar activity.

High-speed passenger rail is seen by many in the U.S. transportation policy and planning communities as an ideal solution for fast, safe, and resource-efficient mobility in high-demand intercity corridors. To expand the body of knowledge for high-speed intercity passenger rail in the U.S., the overall goal of this dissertation was to better understand the demand for high-speed intercity passenger rail services in small- or medium-sized intermediate communities and improve planners' ability to estimate such demand through traveler surveys; specifically, the use of different experimental designs for stated preference questions and the use of images to describe hypothetical travel alternatives in traveler surveys. In pursuit of this goal, an Internet-based survey was distributed to residents of Waco and Temple, two communities located along the federally-designated South Central High-Speed Rail Corridor in Central Texas. A total of 1,160 surveys were obtained from residents of the two communities. Mixed logit travel mode choice models developed from the survey data revealed valuable findings that can inform demand estimates and the design of traveler surveys for high-speed intercity passenger rail planning activities. Based on the analysis presented in this dissertation, ridership estimates for new high-speed intercity passenger rail lines that are planned to serve intermediate communities should not assume that residents of these communities have similar characteristics and values. The d-efficient stated preference experimental design was found to provide a mode choice model with a better fit and greater significance on key policy variables than the adaptive design and therefore is recommended for use in future surveys. Finally, it is recommended that surveys should consider the use of images of proposed train services to aid respondent decision-making for stated preference questions, but only if the images used in the survey depict equipment that could be realistically deployed in the corridor.

The upper Baronia Fm. of the Ager Basin, Spain, is composed of a hierarchy of prominently stacked sets of primarily unidirectional cross-strata in units up to 40m thick. These large sets of cross-strata are interpreted as deposits of migrating subaqueous tidal simple dunes, compound dunes, and compound dune complexes within an approximately 10km wide north-east to south-west oriented seaway with water depths of a calculated 60-90m. These interpretations are opposed to prior interpretations of the upper Baronia Fm. which suggests deposits were formed by tidal bars within a deltaic environment (Mutti et al., 1985). Dunes developed due to dominantly north-east directed tidal currents driven through the strait by tidal phase differences between the two bodies of water (Mediterranean and Atlantic basins) connected by the seaway. Evidence for syn-tectonic deposition further constrains timing of movement of the northern basin bounding Montsec thrust to the early Eocene. Indicators for movement on the Montsec thrust include the development of the Ager Basin elongate to the thrust front, and syn-tectonic signals in the fill of the basin such as local conglomerate wedges and emplacement of olistoliths. Individual cross-stratified successions are interpreted to have formed with variable flow velocity and orientation, resulting in a basin wide stacking of compound dune complexes. These compound dune complexes form cross stratified successions which are distributed throughout the basin according to the variable current speeds, dune size which impacts migration, and sediment availability during deposition. This results in the observed distributions of muddy and sandy sediments, where finer grained materials accumulate preferentially in the low energy troughs of the hierarchy of compound dunes. / text

Community ecology and conservation are complementary disciplines under the umbrella of ecology, providing insight into the factors that determine where and how communities exist, and informing efforts aimed at sustaining the diversity and persistence of the organisms that comprise them. Conservation ecologists apply the principles of ecology and other disciplines, to the maintenance of biodiversity. This thesis uses this approach to assess the status of freshwater crayfish in south-central Ontario and investigate potential anthropogenic drivers of crayfish community change. I start with a temporal analysis of crayfish relative abundance over a period of 18 years and find that all species have experienced significant population declines across the sampled range, resulting in reduced species distributions and crayfish community diversity. Next I employ multivariate statistical techniques to relate changes in crayfish communities between the two time periods to ecological and anthropogenic changes. I identify a number of threats in the region that are correlated with crayfish decline and are likely to pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems more broadly in the region, including calcium (Ca) decline, metal pollution, human development, and species introductions. In the latter two chapters I look more closely at Ca decline as a mechanism driving crayfish declines. First, laboratory analysis of the effect of Ca availability on juvenile Orconectes virilis (a Shield native) reveals that survival is significantly reduced below 0.5-0.9 mg·L-1, which is one of the lowest ever reported Ca requirement thresholds for a crustacean. Second, a correlative study using adult inter-moult crayfish collected from lakes that range broadly in their Ca concentrations, indicates that for O. virilis, carapace Ca content is significantly related to lake Ca concentration, and is under-saturating below 8 mg·L-1. This collective body of work identifies significant anthropogenic threats to crayfish and their aquatic ecosystems in south-central Ontario.

Community ecology and conservation are complementary disciplines under the umbrella of ecology, providing insight into the factors that determine where and how communities exist, and informing efforts aimed at sustaining the diversity and persistence of the organisms that comprise them. Conservation ecologists apply the principles of ecology and other disciplines, to the maintenance of biodiversity. This thesis uses this approach to assess the status of freshwater crayfish in south-central Ontario and investigate potential anthropogenic drivers of crayfish community change. I start with a temporal analysis of crayfish relative abundance over a period of 18 years and find that all species have experienced significant population declines across the sampled range, resulting in reduced species distributions and crayfish community diversity. Next I employ multivariate statistical techniques to relate changes in crayfish communities between the two time periods to ecological and anthropogenic changes. I identify a number of threats in the region that are correlated with crayfish decline and are likely to pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems more broadly in the region, including calcium (Ca) decline, metal pollution, human development, and species introductions. In the latter two chapters I look more closely at Ca decline as a mechanism driving crayfish declines. First, laboratory analysis of the effect of Ca availability on juvenile Orconectes virilis (a Shield native) reveals that survival is significantly reduced below 0.5-0.9 mg·L-1, which is one of the lowest ever reported Ca requirement thresholds for a crustacean. Second, a correlative study using adult inter-moult crayfish collected from lakes that range broadly in their Ca concentrations, indicates that for O. virilis, carapace Ca content is significantly related to lake Ca concentration, and is under-saturating below 8 mg·L-1. This collective body of work identifies significant anthropogenic threats to crayfish and their aquatic ecosystems in south-central Ontario.

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

The central issue of this paper is that social complexity in South Andean hunter-gatherers is related to an emergent process of regional economic intensification that began in the Middle Holocene period. This process involved a strategy of economic specialization in the use of wild camelids, followed by a diversifying strategy related to the domestication of plants and animals, and the subsequent establishment of long-distance exchange networks. Taking into account this model, this paper assesses the social strategies involved in the generation of heterogeneous social organization and its main components. / En este trabajo se propone que la complejidad social en los grupos de cazadores-recolectores surandinos es un producto del proceso de intensificación económica que se dio en la región a partir del Holoceno Medio. Este proceso involucró una estrategia de especialización económica en el uso de los camélidos silvestres, seguida por otra de diversificación relacionada con la domesticación de animales y plantas, y el establecimiento de un sistema de intercambio a larga distancia. A partir de esta propuesta se tratarán de evaluar las estrategias sociales involucradas en la generación de una organización social heterogénea y se discutirán sus componentes más relevantes.

Na região dos Andes Patagônicos entre os 41 a 44° S estão expostos amplos e contínuos afloramentos de rochas graníticas do segmento norte do Batólito Norte-Patagônico (BNP). Durante sua evolução a maior parte das rochas graníticas foram colocadas em rochas metamórficas, e outras partes foram colocadas em rochas vulcânicas do Jurássico-Berriasano, sedimentares e vulcânicas do Cretáceo Inferior, vulcânicas do Cretáceo Superior e sedimentares do Mioceno. Parte desta atividade magmática está associada à gênese de depósitos de minério. As rochas plutônicas expostas apresentam uma gradação desde dioritos até granitos e leucogranitos, apesar de que a área é largamente dominada por variedades intermediárias a ácidas. Determinações K-Ar permitiram identificar extensos e volumosos eventos plutônicos que descrevem duas faixas de orientação N-S durante o Cretáceo Inferior (ca. 120-100 Ma) e Mioceno (ca. 20-7 Ma), discretos durante o Jurássico Superior (ca. 155 Ma) e o Cretáceo Superior (ca. 95-70 Ma), restritos durante o Plioceno (ca. 5-3 Ma), e um provável evento plutônico no Eoceno (ca. 54-34 Ma), ao passo que experimentos Ar/Ar confirmam os eventos magmáticos do Cretáceo Inferior (ca. 126-100 Ma) e Mioceno (ca. 19-9 Ma). Determinações U-Pb convencionais indicam a provável perda e herança de Pb, apesar de confirmar os eventos magmáticos do Cretáceo Inferior (ca.129-114 Ma) e Mioceno (ca. 22-13 Ma). Além disso, as determinações U-Pb convencionais em zircões revelam a presença de rochas magmáticas pré-Andinas do Devoniano Inferior (ca. 400 Ma) provavelmente relacionadas com rochas do Maciço Norte-Patagônico. Determinações U-Pb SHRIMP em zircões indicam 110,0±9,6 Ma para um monzogranito e de 126,3±6,7 Ma para um piroxênio dioritio, 8,4±0,3 Ma para um tonalito e 13,26±0,19 Ma para um andesito porfirítico, e de 385,9±7,4 Ma para um corpo de microdiorito tectonizado. Estes dados indicam que o início da atividade plutônica é representada em ambos das faixas por pequenos corpos de colocação superficial, e a idade U-Pb SHRIMP do Devoniano confirma o evento magmático inferido das idades U-Pb convencionais. A distribuição de idades mostra um padrão complexo, mas, permite definir eventos magmáticos do Cretáceo, preferencialmente localizados, a E da Zona de Falha Liquiñe-Ofqui (ZFLO), do Mioceno no interior e a O desta estrutura, e do Plioceno no traço principal da ZFLO. A atividade plutônica do Mioceno, em direção a trincheira é diferente que o padrão definido para a região centro-norte dos Andes chilenos, onde é verificada a migração do arco magmático para a E com a conseqüente diminuição de idades neste sentido. Composições isotópicas de Sr e Nd mostram baixos e positivos teores de Nd com Sr entre -4 e +7 sugerindo que o BNP no segmento estudado, foi composto a partir de mistura de matérias do manto com fusão de crosta inferior, como é demonstrado pelos trabalhos anteriores, em áreas vizinhas. As composições isotópicas de Pb em feldspato, das mesmas amostras datadas por U-Pb convencional, variou com a idade, plútons com 206Pb/204Pb >18,62 são do Mioceno, enquanto que aqueles plútons com 206Pb/204Pb <18,57 são do Cretáceo, com uma relação inversa entre os plútons do Mioceno, o que é atribuído à variável interação com o embasamento metamórfico. Mineralizações de metais base com Au e Ag estão hospedadas em rochas vulcânicas do Cretáceo e limitadas à faixa magmática do Cretáceo Inferior e mineralizações de Au-As estão hospedadas no Microdiorito do Devoniano e em rochas metamórficas do Paleozóico e limitadas à faixa magmática do Mioceno. Além disso, em ambos as faixas, ocorrências de Cu-Mo são relatadas associadas com monzogranitos e tonalitios. Mineralizações de metais preciosos e de base no prospecto Las Juntas estão relacionados com alteração silíca-adularia e quartzo-sericita e deposição de pirita, esfalerita, galena com conteúdos de Ag e Bi, e calcopirita, e menor hematita, tetraedrite, arsenopirita, bornita e calcocita, em veios, vênulas, brechas e escassa disseminação. Os teores são variáveis, mas em veios mineralizados em Cu os teores podem atingir até 15% Cu, e em brechas mineralizadas em Cu-Pb-Zn os teores podem atingir até 32% Pb, 23% Zn e 0,28% Cu, com 1,4 para 1.300 ppm de Ag e 0,02 para 3,9 ppm de Au. Dados de inclusões fluidas indicam temperaturas de homogeneização variando entre 140 a 230º C, salinidades entre 3 a 6% em peso de NaCl equiv., e de deposição de metais base durante ebulição e mistura. Mineralizações de Au-As no prospecto Pichicolo estão relacionadas com alteração silíca e quartzo-sericita e deposição de arsenopirita e pirita, e menor pirrotita, calcopirita e bornita, em vênulas, stockwork e disseminação. Os teores variam entre 0,02 a 2,0 ppm de Au. Dados de inclusões fluidas indicam temperaturas de homogeneização entre 180 a 270º C, salinidades entre de 3 a 5% em peso de NaCl equiv., e deposição metálica durante ebulição e mistura. A mineralização, alteração e as características químicas e físicas de fluidos sugerem para ambos os prospectos características de epitermais de baixa sulfetação. O método Re-Os foi utilizado em molibdenitas hospedadas em plútons de monzogranito e tonalito para determinar a idade da mineralização de Cu-Mo. As idades obtidas (ca. 119 e 9,1 a 8,2 Ma) sugerem que a mineralização ocorreu em sistemas hidrotermais intimamente associada com os eventos magmáticos de Cretáceo Inferior e Mioceno, o que confirma a interpretação acerca da existência das faixas metalogéneticas polimetálicas do Cretáceo Inferior e aurífera do Mioceno propostas para a Cordilheira Norte-Patagônica. Biotita do monzogranito hospedeiro de mineralizaçao de Cu-Mo na aldeia Palena foi datada por Ar/Ar em 114,7 Ma, e outra datação, próxima da ocorrência, em 114,2 Ma. Biotita do tonalito hospedeiro da mineralização de Cu-Mo no estuário Reloncaví foi datada por Ar/Ar em 8,53 Ma, e outra datação, próxima da ocorrência, em 8,64 Ma. A proximidade e a superposição, dentro do erro analítico, entre as idades Ar/Ar em biotita, em ambas as áreas, sugerem que a alteração hidrotemal não foi estendida. Uma idade isocrônica Rb-Sr de 126±8 Ma obtida de rochas hidrotermalmente alteradas com mineralização polimetálica é interpretada como a idade do evento hidrotermal. Experimentos Ar/Ar em sericita hidrotemal de granulação muito fina com mineralização de Au-As mostra redistribuição de Ar por \'recoil\' e a idade integrada de 142±2 Ma sugere que a associação mineralização- magmatismo félsico do Jurássico não deve ser descartada. Composições isotópicas de Sr e Nd de rochas hospedeiras e ígneas associadas indicam que os magmas são principalmente derivados do manto com contaminação de crosta continental variável. Composições isotópicas de Pb em minerais de minério, rochas hospedeiras e ígneas associadas, em ambos os prospectos, se agrupam próximos da curva do orógeno no modelo da \'plumbotectonica\'. Em um diagrama 206Pb/204Pb-207Pb/204Pb, os minerais de minério e as rochas ígneas associados do prospecto Las Juntas são menos radiogênicos (206Pb/204Pb <18.6) que o prospecto Pichicolo (206Pb/204Pb >18.6). Este modelo é compatível com a idade absoluta cretácea da mineralização para Las Juntas e com a idade miocena assumida para Pichicolo. As tendências alongadas da composição de Pb nos minerais de minério indicam, principalmente, um modelo orogênico, sugerindo mistura variável de chumbo a partir de diferentes fontes, sobretudo de crosta superior. / In the Patagonian Andes region between 41 and 44° S extensive and continuous plutonic rocks of the North-Patagonian Batholith north segment are exposed. During their evolution most of the granitic rocks were emplaced in metamorphic rocks and other parts were emplaced in Late Jurassic-Berriasan volcanic rocks, Early Cretaceous sedimentary and volcanic rocks, Late Cretaceous volcanic rocks and Miocene sedimentary rocks. Part of this magmatic activity is associated with ore deposit genesis. The exposed plutonic rocks range mainly from diorites to granites and leucogranites, although the area is extensively dominated by intermediate to acid varieties. K-Ar determinations have allowed identification of extensive and voluminous plutonic events which describe two N-S oriented belts during the late Lower Cretaceous (ca. 120-100 Ma) and Miocene (ca. 20-7 Ma), discreet during the Upper Jurassic (ca. 155 Ma) and the Upper Cretaceous (ca. 95-70 Ma), restricted during the early Pliocene (ca. 5-3 Ma) and a probable plutonism in Eocene times (ca. 54-34 Ma), while Ar/Ar experiments confirm the late Lower Cretaceous (ca. 126-100 Ma) and Miocene (ca. 19-9 Ma) magmatic events. Conventional U-Pb determinations indicate the probable inheritance and loss of Pb, although they confirm the late Lower Cretaceous (ca. 129-114 Ma) and Miocene (ca. 22-13 Ma) magmatic events. In addition, the zircons conventional U-Pb determinations show the presence of pre-Andean Lower Devonian magmatic rocks (ca. 400 Ma) probably linked with rocks of the North- Patagonian Massif. Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP determinations indicate 110.0±9.6 Ma for a monzogranitic pluton and 126.3±6.7 Ma for a pyroxene dioritic stock, 8.4±0.3 Ma for a tonalitic pluton and 13.26±0.19 Ma for hornblende andesitic porphyry, and 385.9±7.4 Ma for a tectonized microdioritic body. These data indicate that the early plutonic activity is represented, in Mesozoic and Cenozoic belts, by basic to intermediate small bodies of shallow emplacement, and the SHRIMP U-Pb Devonian age confirms a magmatic event previously inferred by conventional U-Pb ages. The age distribution shows a complex pattern, which nevertheless allows, magmatic Cretaceous events to be located, preferably, to the E of the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone, magmatic Miocene events located in and to the W of this structure, and magmatic Pliocene events located in the main branch of the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone to be defined. The Miocene plutonic activity towards the trench is different to the defined pattern for the north-central Chilean Andes, where the magmatic arc migration to the E and the consequent age diminution in this same direction is verified. Nd and Sr isotopic compositions show low and positive Nd values together with Sr between -4 and +7 suggesting that the North-Patagonian Batholith in the studied segment, has been composed from mixing of mantle derived or mafic lithospheric material with melting of lower continental crust, as is shown by previous work in neighboring areas. The Pb isotopic compositions in feldspar, of the same dating samples by U-Pb conventional method, varied with the age, plutons with 206Pb/204Pb greater than 18.62 are Miocene, whereas those plutons with 206Pb/204Pb less than 18.57 are Cretaceous, with an inverse relation between Miocene plutons, which is attributed to varying interaction grade with the metamorphic basement. Metal base-mineralization with Au and Ag contains are hosted in Cretaceous volcanic rocks and restricted to the Lower Cretaceous magmatic belt and Au-As mineralization are hosted in Devonian microdiorite and Paleozoic metamorphic rocks and restricted to the Miocene magmatic belt. Also, in both belts Cu-Mo occurrences are reported in associated with monzogranites and tonalities, respectively. Metal base and precious mineralizations in the Las Juntas Prospect are related to silicicadularia and quartz-sericite alteration and deposition of pyrite, sphalerite, Ag-bearing and Bi-bearing galena, and chalcopyrite, and minor hematite, tetrahedrite, arsenopyrite, bornite and chalcocite, in vein, veinlets and minor breccia bodies, and scarce dissemination. Ore grades are variable, but in mineralized Cu-veins the values reach up 15% Cu, and in Pb-Zn-Cu breccias the values reach up 32% Pb, 23% Zn and 0.28% Cu, 1.4 to 1,300 ppm Ag and 0.02 to 3.9 ppm Au. Fluid inclusion data indicate homogenization temperatures varying between 140 to 230 ºC, salinities ranging from 3 to 6 weight % NaCl equivalent, and metal base deposition during boiling and mixing events. Asmineralizations with gold contain in the Pichicolo Prospect are related to silicic and quartz-sericite alterations and deposition of arsenopyrite and pyrite, and minor pyrrotite, chalcopyrite and bornite, in veinlets, stockwork and dissemination. Grades vary between 0.02 to 2.0 ppm Au. Fluid inclusion data indicate homogenization temperatures varying between 180 to 270 ºC, salinities ranging from 3 to 5 weight % NaCl equivalent, and metallic deposition during boiling and mixing events. The mineralization, alteration and the chemical and physical fluid characteristics suggest for both studied prospects epithermal low-sulphidation features. Re-Os method in molybdenites hosted in monzogranitic and tonalitic plutons have been used to determine timing of Cu-Mo mineralizations. The obtained ages (ca. 119 and 9.1 to 8.2 Ma) suggest that the mineralization occurred in hydrothermal systems closely associated with late Lower Cretaceous and Miocene plutonic events, which confirm the interpretation about the existence of Lower Cretaceous and Miocene metallogenic belts proposed for the North-Patagonian Cordillera. Biotite of the monzogranitic host rock directly related with the Palena village molybdenite mineralization was dated by Ar/Ar in 114.7 Ma, and near of the occurrence in 114.2 Ma. Biotite of the tonalite host rock directly related with the Reloncaví estuary molybdenite mineralization was dated by Ar/Ar in 8.53 Ma and near of the occurrence in 8.64 Ma. The proximity, and superposition within the analytical error, between the Ar/Ar biotite ages, in both areas, suggests non extended hydrothermal alteration. Rb-Sr isochron age of 126±8 Ma obtained from hydrothermally alterated rocks in a polymetallic prospect is interpreted as the age of the hydrothermal event. Ar/Ar step-heating experiments in hydrothermal very fine grain sericite from Au-As mineralization shown Ar-redistribution by recoil effect and the integrated age of 142±2 Ma suggest that the association mineralization-Jurassic volcanic felsic magmatism should not be discarded. Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of the host and igneous-related mineralization rocks indicate that magmas are mainly mantle derived with variable little crustal contamination. Pb isotopic compositions of the ore minerals, host and igneous-related mineralization rocks in both prospect clusters near of the orogene curve within a plumbotectonic model. On 206Pb/204 versus 207Pb/204Pb plot, the ore minerals and the associated igneous units of the Las Juntas prospect are less radiogenic (206Pb/204Pb <18.6) that the Pichicolo prospect (206Pb/204Pb >18.6). This model is compatible with the absolute Cretaceous mineralization-age determined for the Las Juntas prospect and with the constraint Miocene mineralization-age for the Pichicolo prospect. The elongate trends of the ore minerals in the general clusters indicate mainly an orogenic model fit, suggesting variable mixing of lead from different sources, mainly from upper crust.

No description available.