<p> Amphibolites and gneisses of the "Grenville province" and granitic rocks of the Chief Lake batholith near Sudbury show the effects of several phases of deformation. </p> <p> The first phase of deformation affected previously metamorphosed rocks of the "Grenville province" together with enclosed pegmatite sills, and formed congruous parasitic S- and Z-folds. The rocks were then subjected to faulting and local refolding. About 1, 750 m. y. ago, the Chief Lake batholith was intruded and truncated the previous folds. Finally, all the rocks were subjected to a simultaneous regional metamorphism and strong deformation. </p> <p> During this final deformation, all the previous linear structures were rotated to parallel the strongly-developed regional mineral lineations. The high-grade rocks of high amphibolite facies to the S. E. of the cataclastic zone flowed upwards from a greater depth than the rocks of greenschist facies to the N. E. of the cataclastic zone. The sharp increase in metamorphic grade occurs within the cataclastic zone which is about one mile wide. </p> <p> The final progressive deformation of the rocks is compared with the constant-volume deformation ellipsoid as initiated from the uniaxial prolate type through the constriction type to the plane- strain type; wherein the direction of maximum elongation plunges moderately to the S. S. E. and parallels the regional mineral lineations, the passive fold axes, the elongations of conical folds, and the original flow directions (shown by deformed mineral lineations) of slip folds; while the direction of maximum shortening generally plunges to the N. W. and is normal to the penetrative foliations and the active axial planes of slip folds. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

An examination of the Desmodium canescens complex (D. canescens; D. tweedyi; D. illinoense) has resulted in the delimitation of a previously unreported alliance between D. canescens and D. tweedyi. The following points support this view: (a) morphological data taken from herbarium and garden specimens indicate that for many characters, the mean values of D. canescens and D. tweedy are not significantly different (b) breeding experiments have shown that artificial interspecific hybridization is possible between D. canescens and D. tweedyi (c) cytological studies have shown that D. canescens and D. tweedyi have a base number of x = 11, while D. illinoense has a base number of x = 10. A new combination is suggested: Desmodium canescens var. tweedyi (Britt.) Williams.

Three perennial tropical Panicum species were grown under ambient and elevated (900 ppm) carbon dioxide concentrations in especially designed microclimate chambers. The study aimed to investigate the influence of high carbon dioxide concentrations on morphology/anatomy with physiological change among three closely related species possessing distinctly different photosynthetic pathways. The anatomy of the leaf was investigated using light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and graphics image analysis. A suitable schedule for fixation, dehydration and embedding of leaf specimens for both forms of microscopy was developed. The anatomy of the species investigated did not change qualitatively, but there were detectable changes in leaf thickness and tissue proportions of the epidermis, mesophyll and thickened tissues (sclerenchyma, bundle sheath, vascular elements) that differed with species. This study is also relevant to the investigation of the evolution of C4, although species, and the progression involved in plants with characteristics intermediate between those of C3 and C4 species. These intermediate species have been mainly characterized by CO2 exchange and biochemical analysis, but they also display anatomical characteristics in between those of C3 and C4 plants. The evolutionary progression of the C3 to C4 species remains unsolved, although current studies indicate that the evolutionary step was from the C3 plant to the C4. Thus the intermediate C3/C4 plants may not be intermediate in an evolutionary sense and they could be seen as a simple hybridization between a C3 plant and C4 plant. In most of the parameters measured the C3/C4 P. decipiens resembled either the C3 P. tricanthum or the C4 P. antidotale. It may therefore be likened to a physiological chimera rather than to a true intermediate form / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Πειραματική διεκπεραίωση 24 υποστυλωμάτων ορθογωνικής διατομής με μεγάλο λόγο πλευρών 3:1 και 4:1, κατασκευασμένα υπό κλίμακα, ενισχυμένα με ινοπλισμένα πολυμερή άνθρακα και εφαρμογή σχετικών προσομοιωμάτων υπάρχουσας βιβλιογραφίας. / Experimental procedure of 24 large-scale column specimens 3:1 and 4:1 reinforced with carbon fiber polymers CFRP and comparison of the test results with those calculated from the existing models of large-scale columns.

Relatively few research efforts have focused on splice length requirements for reinforced masonry, despite the significant impact of these requirements on the safety, economy, and constructability of masonry walls. The Canadian masonry provisions for splice lengths in CSA S304.1-04 are taken directly from the Canadian concrete design standard, CSA A23.3-04, and thus do not necessarily reflect factors unique to masonry construction. Provisions in American masonry standard TMS 402-13/ACI 530-13/ASCE 5-13 are based on test results of double pullout specimens, but may be overly conservative due to shortcomings of the specimen type chosen. The purpose of this study is to examine the splice lengths needed for flexural masonry elements reinforced with bar sizes typically used in Canadian masonry construction. In this study, 27 wall splice specimens and 12 double pullout specimens were constructed. The wall splice specimens were tested horizontally in four point loading, while the double pullout specimens were tested in direct tension. Results from the double pullout specimen testing suggest that the techniques used at the University of Saskatchewan (U of S) are reasonably similar to those of the National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA), and are thus adequate to assess current provisions in the American and Canadian standards. A predictive equation for the tensile resistance of spliced reinforcement was developed from the results of the wall splice specimen testing. This predictive equation was then adjusted to incorporate an adequate margin of safety for calculating splice length requirements for design purposes, using a five percent quantile approach. The adjusted predictive equation was then extrapolated to determine the splice lengths corresponding to the nominal yield strength of the reinforcement. These splice lengths were compared to current code provisions. It was found that the current CSA S304.1-04 Class B provisions, used almost exclusively in construction, are conservative for No. 15, 20, and 25 bars. In contrast, the TMS 402-13 provisions were overly conservative for all three bar sizes. Changes to the bar size factors of the current provisions for both codes were recommended to bring better consistency to the requirements of the two codes, and thus ensure the safety, economy, and constructability of masonry walls.

The purpose of this creative project was to provide a way for intermedia artists to present their artwork. The creative project is a videotape of the author's works, which are separated into four categories: computer images, two-dimensional animation, photographs and three-dimensional animation. Emphasis was placed on unifying artwork from different mediums. Digital editing effects were used to help distinguish between the various artwork sections. The five minute piece is presented on a VHS tape. / Department of Art

Human scent, or the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by an individual, has been recognized as a biometric measurement because of the distinct variations in both the presence and abundance of these VOCs between individuals. In forensic science, human scent has been used as a form of associative evidence by linking a suspect to a scene/object through the use of human scent discriminating canines. The scent most often collected and used with these specially trained canines is from the hands because a majority of the evidence collected is likely to have been handled by the suspect. However, the scents from other biological specimens, especially those that are likely to be present at scenes of violent crimes, have yet to be explored. Hair, fingernails and saliva are examples of these types of specimens. In this work, a headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) technique was used for the identification of VOCs from hand odor, hair, fingernails and saliva. Sixty individuals were sampled and the profiles of the extracted VOCs were evaluated to assess whether they could be used for distinguishing individuals. Preliminary analysis of the biological specimens collected from an individual (intra-subject) showed that, though these materials have some VOCs in common, their overall chemical profile is different for each specimen type. Pair-wise comparisons, using Spearman Rank correlations, were made between the chemical profiles obtained from each subject, per a specimen type. Greater than 98.8% of the collected samples were distinguished from the subjects for all of the specimen types, demonstrating that these specimens can be used for distinguishing individuals. Additionally, field trials were performed to determine the utility of these specimens as scent sources for human scent discriminating canines. Three trials were conducted to evaluate hair, fingernails and saliva in comparison to hand odor, which was considered the standard source of human odor. It was revealed that canines perform similarly to these alternative human scent sources as they do to hand odor implying that, though there are differences in the chemical profiles released by these specimens, they can still be used for the discrimination of individuals by trained canines.

No description available.

No description available.

Ore specimens from the cupriferous zone of the basal Nonesuch shale at the White Pine Mine were analysed for sulphur isotopes, carbon and sulphide contents and boron. The results of the analyses were discussed in relation to a biogenic-syngenetic mineralization process for the ore body. A model, based on the δS³⁴sulphide frequency distribution, was developed to determine the δS³⁴ sulphate value of the lower Nonesuch paleoenvironment. A transmitted light microscopic examination of chlorite was undertaken in order to present a more complete picture of this proposed source for copper in the cupriferous zone of the Nonesuch shale. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)