Professional research project (Au.D.)--University of South Florida, 2003. / Title from PDF of title page. / Document formatted into pages; contains 37 pages. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format. / ABSTRACT: The accurate perception of spoken English is influenced by many variables, including the listener's native language, reverberation, and background noise. Few studies of speech perception by bilingual listeners have carefully controlled for second language proficiency and even fewer have presented speech in everyday listening environments that contain noise and reverberation. In the present study, detailed language background, language proficiency information, and individual language samples were collected and the speech stimuli were presented in a variety of quiet, noisy, and reverberant listening environments. / ABSTRACT: The effects of noise and reverberation on the perception of American English monosyllabic words was examined for two groups of young listeners with normal hearing: 1) monolingual American English speakers and 2) Spanish-English bilinguals who acquired both languages prior to age 6 years, exhibited similar spoken proficiency in both languages, and spoke English without a noticeable accent. An innovative test of virtual speech perception was used to assess word recognition in two listening environments typical of everyday communication: a simulated noisy anechoic environment and a simulated noisy reverberant environment. Word recognition was also measured in quiet and in an unprocessed noisy environment. For each noisy listening environment (unprocessed, anechoic, reverberant), three signal-to-noise ratios were employed. Results indicate that early bilingualism negatively affects perception of words presented in noisy listening environments. / ABSTRACT: Significantly poorer word recognition was observed for the bilingual listeners than for the monolingual listeners in all three noisy environments and at all noise levels. Both groups exhibited similar word recognition in quiet. The results were surprising considering the high level of spoken language proficiency exhibited by all bilingual listeners. It is often assumed that highly proficient Spanish-English speakers are equally proficient at understanding English; however, these data indicate that the speech understanding of this group may be overestimated in natural listening situations. / System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Para a adequada percepção dos fonemas da fala e conseqüente desenvolvimento da linguagem oral estão diretamente envolvidas as habilidades relacionadas ao processamento auditivo, onde se destacam a atenção auditiva e a resolução temporal. Partindo desse pressuposto, este estudo buscou analisar a atenção auditiva e a resolução temporal de duas crianças com desvio fonológico, antes e após o tratamento fonoaudiológico. O procedimento de pesquisa consistiu da comparação das respostas obtidas ao teste de padrão de duração do som (TPD) e aos componentes N2 e P300 dos potenciais evocados auditivos de longa latência (PEALL), antes e depois do tratamento. Os resultados dos exames foram comparados com a performance para a produção de fala e as estratégias utilizadas para o tratamento fonoaudiológico, que esteve pautado na estimulação da percepção auditiva para os traços distintivos dos fonemas. A partir desses resultados foram discutidos aspectos envolvidos com o processamento auditivo e suas implicações para a percepção de fala. A análise dos dados evidenciou dificuldade para atenção auditiva e resolução temporal para sons não verbais, nas duas crianças, antes e após o tratamento fonoaudiológico. Este fato sugere que a dificuldade com a atenção auditiva e a resolução temporal para sons não verbais pode permanecer mesmo após a superação dessa dificuldade para os sons da fala / Central auditory abilities, specifically auditory attention and temporal resolution, are directly related to speech perception and production. Based on these concepts, this study aimed to investigate auditory attention and temporal resolution processes in two children with phonological disorder, before and after speech therapy. The method consisted in comparing results from Duration Pattern Test and Late Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (specifically the N2 and P300 components) obtained before and after speech therapy. Test results were correlated to speech production performance and therapy strategies, which were focused in auditory perception of the phonemes distinctive characteristics. Based on these results, aspects related to auditory processing and its implications for speech perception were discussed. Results show that both children had difficulties in auditory attention and temporal resolution for non-verbal sounds before and after speech therapy. These findings suggest that even after overcoming difficulties in speech perceptions, auditory attention and temporal resolution difficulties for non- verbal sounds may continuous

Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:24:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patricia Barros.pdf: 1027459 bytes, checksum: 514b8d6c9a97df0f8025ddf072577f04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-29 / Central auditory abilities, specifically auditory attention and temporal resolution, are directly related to speech perception and production. Based on these concepts, this study aimed to investigate auditory attention and temporal resolution processes in two children with phonological disorder, before and after speech therapy. The method consisted in comparing results from Duration Pattern Test and Late Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (specifically the N2 and P300 components) obtained before and after speech therapy. Test results were correlated to speech production performance and therapy strategies, which were focused in auditory perception of the phonemes distinctive characteristics. Based on these results, aspects related to auditory processing and its implications for speech perception were discussed. Results show that both children had difficulties in auditory attention and temporal resolution for non-verbal sounds before and after speech therapy. These findings suggest that even after overcoming difficulties in speech perceptions, auditory attention and temporal resolution difficulties for non- verbal sounds may continuous / Para a adequada percepção dos fonemas da fala e conseqüente desenvolvimento da linguagem oral estão diretamente envolvidas as habilidades relacionadas ao processamento auditivo, onde se destacam a atenção auditiva e a resolução temporal. Partindo desse pressuposto, este estudo buscou analisar a atenção auditiva e a resolução temporal de duas crianças com desvio fonológico, antes e após o tratamento fonoaudiológico. O procedimento de pesquisa consistiu da comparação das respostas obtidas ao teste de padrão de duração do som (TPD) e aos componentes N2 e P300 dos potenciais evocados auditivos de longa latência (PEALL), antes e depois do tratamento. Os resultados dos exames foram comparados com a performance para a produção de fala e as estratégias utilizadas para o tratamento fonoaudiológico, que esteve pautado na estimulação da percepção auditiva para os traços distintivos dos fonemas. A partir desses resultados foram discutidos aspectos envolvidos com o processamento auditivo e suas implicações para a percepção de fala. A análise dos dados evidenciou dificuldade para atenção auditiva e resolução temporal para sons não verbais, nas duas crianças, antes e após o tratamento fonoaudiológico. Este fato sugere que a dificuldade com a atenção auditiva e a resolução temporal para sons não verbais pode permanecer mesmo após a superação dessa dificuldade para os sons da fala