Магистерская диссертация посвящена исследованию эффективности финансово-кредитного механизма государственной поддержки малого предпринимательства в РФ. Предметом исследования являются экономические отношения, возникающие в процессе реализации финансово-кредитного механизма поддержки МСП. Целью данной работы является разработка комплекса предложений по совершенствованию финансово-кредитного механизма государственной поддержки малого предпринимательства. В ходе работы эффективность государственной поддержки малого бизнеса исследуется автором на примере ООО «Тандем». В заключении подводятся итоги проведенного исследования, делаются основные выводы и обобщаются перспективные направления по развитию финансово-кредитного механизма государственной поддержки МСП в РФ. / The master's thesis is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of the financial and credit mechanism of state support of small business in the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is economic relations that arise in the process of implementing the financial and credit mechanism to support SMEs. The aim of this work is to develop a set of proposals for improving the financial and credit mechanism of state support for small businesses. In the course of work, the effectiveness of state support for small businesses is investigated by the author on the example of Tandem LLC. In conclusion, the results of the study are summarized, the main conclusions are drawn and perspective directions for the development of the financial and credit mechanism for state support of SMEs in the Russian Federation are summarized.

Проведен анализ профессиональной подготовки кадров в монопрофильном муниципальном образовании Первоуральск. Выявлено, что внедрение практико-ориентированной (дуальной) формы подготовки производственных кадров нуждается в мерах активной государственной поддержки. / The analysis of professional training in the single-industry municipality of Pervouralsk. It was revealed that the introduction of a practice-oriented (dual) form of training of production personnel needs active government support measures.

This thesis focuses on the link between financial system and sovereign debt crises through sovereign support to banks on one hand and banks' exposures to weak sovereigns on the other. After illustrating the main relationships on the recent financial crisis, we construct an agent-based network model of an artificial financial system allowing us to analyse the effects of state support on systemic stability and the feedback loops of risk transfer back into the financial system. First, the model is tested with various parameter settings in Monte Carlo simulations and second, it is calibrated to the real world data using a unique dataset put together from various sources. Our analyses yield the following key results: Firstly, in the short term, all the support measures improve the systemic stability. Secondly, in the longer run, the effects of state support depend on several parameters but still there are settings in which it significantly mitigates the systemic crisis. Finally, there are differences among the effects of the different types of support measures.

This thesis provides an overview of the importance of exports for the Czech economy and the main instruments used for support of exports by state and private institutions. It also presents new export activities of a non-state institution - International Chamber of Commerce in the Czech Republic (ICC Czech Republic), which is the general public not sufficiently aware of. The work contains opinions and positions of entities being directly affected by state export promotion in the Czech Republic - particularly small and medium enterprises, large exporters, and commercial banks - and also their specific requirements for the content of state export strategy. Their opinions are derived from various surveys and analysis and based on the information obtained from ICC Czech Republic. To create high-quality export strategy, it is necessary for the Ministry of Industry and Trade to cooperate with all relevant subjects such as EGAP, Czech Export Bank, Czech Chamber of Commerce, ICC Czech Republic, but especially with the business community. The strategy also needs to include the consolidation of state export promotion services, the allocation of sufficient funds for the Czech Export Bank and EGAP, the involvement of commercial banks in foreign trade finance and enhancement of international competitiveness of Czech exports. Thus can only be increased its contribution to individual subjects of foreign trade and the State itself.

Magistro darbe yra analizuojama valstybės vykdoma būsto politika, būsto srityje vykdomos ir valstybės finansuojamos programos ir projektai, iškeliamos būsto srities problemos, aptariamas valstybės remiamas būsto kreditas kaip socialinio būsto alternatyva. Pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas su socialinio būsto suteikimu ir nuoma susijusioms problemoms bei aptariamos įstatymo, reglamentuojančio šią sritį, spragos. Tiriamojoje dalyje atlikta anketinė apklausa Tauragės rajono savivaldybėje ir savivaldybės būstus prižiūrinčioje įmonėje UAB Tauragės butų ūkis. / The accommodation policy the state pursues, the programmes and projects financed by the state in the field of accommodation, problems with accommodation, credits for accommodation supported by the state as an alternative of social accommodation are analysed in the master's paper. The main attention is paid to the problems connected with the provision and rent of social accommodation and gaps of the law which finetunes sphere are also analysed. The survey in Tauragė Municipality and the joint stock company Tauragės butų ūkis supervised by Tauragė Municipality has been carried out.

The thesis focuses on banking regulation and on the nexus between financial sovereign crises. After illustrating the main mechanisms on the recent financial crisis, we construct several multi-agent network models of a financial system for testing its stability under different parameters. In the first part, we focus on the rationale for banking regulation and we describe its development including the recently introduced Basel III measures. The main conclusion of this part is that regulation is to a large extent influenced by the banks and it does not always secure financial system stability. In the second part, we build an agent-based model which enables us to simulate the impacts of various types of negative shocks given various settings of the banking system and the regulatory environment, including the capital and liquidity measures. Our simulations show firstly that sufficient capital buffers are crucial for systemic stability, secondly that the discretionary measures have little effect once a crisis breaks out and thirdly that liquidity measures are a relevant regulatory tool. In the third part, the model is extended so that it allows for testing effects of state support on systemic stability is tested with various parameter settings in Monte Carlo simulations and for testing of feedback loops in which...

This thesis explains important facts concerning financial products for solutions of housing need from three points of view, which influent each other -- from the point of view of client, bank and state. In the thesis, there is noted, what shall be understood under the solution of housing need, and what are the products which have been used for housing financing. Accent is put on possible use of different forms of state support and its influence on the state budget. The most of financial products for the solution of housing need have character of credit, therefore part of the thesis is touching credit risk and is clearing running of credit process.

This thesis analyses the causes of states interventions in the market environment and the risk associated with them, in particular with the state support of research and development. There are several types of support, each of them has benefits on the one hand and inducted costs on the other one. The thesis assesses the benefits and inducted cost of the various types of state support of research and development from the perspective of the company Vyzkumny ustav organickych syntez. In the case of this business entity there is the economic analysis performed and the decision rule for the most appropriate aid derived. At the same time thesis tries to find how to increase efficiency of the government support.

This diploma thesis deals with Czech economic diplomacy as an instrument or rather tool of the foreign policy of the Czech Republic to promote its economic interests and goals in the People´s Republic of China. Specifically, it deals with the state pro-export policy and state support of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the process of entering Chinese market. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter explores the concept of economic diplomacy and the models of the governance of economic diplomacy in the world as well as in the Czech Republic. The second chapter focuses on the realization of the Czech economic diplomacy in China, analyzes the Czech-Chinese foreign trade and the development of political and diplomatic relations between the two countries. The third chapter is devoted to the SMEs and their penetration of the Chinese market. It explains the importance of the SMEs to the Czech economy and export and defines the phases of the penetration. In this chapter, the author examines how the state supports the SMEs entering the Chinese market and whether this support covers all phases of this complex process. Finally, the author explains why SMEs are not satisfied with the state support of export and outlines possible solutions.

The diploma thesis "State Approach to Volunteers" deals with the evolution of the state's relationship to voluntary activities in Czech society, with an emphasis on the period since 1989. The starting point is the setting of volunteerism into the context of postindutrial society, which urges us to revise our values orientation, the possibilities of the labour market, our access to life-long education and our level of social cohesion. The essay pays attention to the analysis of the state's approach to the phenomena of volunteerism (in the role of a supporter) and to the resulting position of volunteers in Czech society, stressing the steps that were made to support volunteerism by the state. It analyses the statistical data that deals with the characteristics of organisation, and the projects that have been supported in connection with the Act on Voluntary Service 198/2002. Further, it presents a comparison of the problematic fields of Czech legislation on volunteering with the Polish and Hungarian legislation on volunteering. Finally, it suggests steps and arrangements that could be used in the further support of voluntary activities in the Czech environment.