The fumonisins are a class of polyketide mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticilliodes (formerly Fusarium monoliforme) which commonly affects maize. Ingestion of these toxins has been associated with leukoencephalomalacia in equine species, pulmonary oedema in swine, hepatocarcinogenesis in rats and have been linked to oesophageal cancer in humans. The structurally related AAL toxins are host specific mycotoxins produced by Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici, producing stem canker disease in susceptible tomato cultivars. Examination of the C-11-C-20 fragment of the fumonisin B1 backbone [(2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S, 15R,16R)-2-amino-3,5,10,14,15-hydroxy-12,16-dimethyleicosane] and the C-10-C-17 fragment of the AAL toxin TA backbone[(2S,4S,5R,11S,13S,14R,15R)-1-amino-2,4,5,13,14-hydroxy-11,15- dimethylheptadecane], reveals four common stereogenic centres, with the only difference between the two fragments being the length of the alkyl chain. It is thought that the position and configuration of these four stereogenic centres is conserved among all members of the fumonisin and AAL classes of toxins. Retrosynthetic analysis of the backbones reveals a common intermediate aldehyde, which can be synthesised from methyl (S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionate. A simple synthetic route to access the C-11-C-20 fragment for the fumonisins and the C-10-C-17 fragment of the AAL toxins was devised utilising Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation and an Evans aldol reaction as key transformations. In practice, it was found that although the Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation produced the desired epoxide in low enantiomeric excess, the two diastereomers produced could be separated by two consecutive flash chromatography silica gel columns. In pursuit of a more efficient method for introduction of the stereogenic centre in the target, other synthetic routes and key transformations were considered. Jacobsen’s kinetic resolution of terminal racemic epoxides was explored, requiring a terminal alkene from which the racemic epoxide was synthesised. An attempt to synthesise the terminal alkene from the appropriate tosylate and vinyl-MgBr, mediated by copper (I) iodide, failed. The synthetic route was redesigned, and the terminal alkene was synthesised by two one-carbon additions: the first a nucleophilic substitution with cyanide, and the second a Wittig olefination. The resolution of the terminal epoxide was also unsuccessful with no significant kinetic resolution occurring. Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation was also investigated; however, this reaction too failed to produce products of high diastereomeric excess. As a consequence, it was decided to pursue the asymmetric epoxidation route as the diastereomeric products could at least be separated. The second key transformation, the Evans aldol reaction, also provided an interesting result. When the aldol reaction was attempted with benzaldehyde and enolates derived from (4R,5S)-3-butanoyl-4-methyl-5-phenyl-oxazolidin-2-one and (4R,5S)-3-hexanoyl-4-methyl-5-phenyl-oxazolidin-2-one, the butanoyl derivative was found to give the expected Evans syn product, while the hexanoyl derivative was found to give the non-Evans syn product, with proof provided by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It is proposed that the aldol reaction with the hexanoyl derivative does not proceed through the expected Zimmerman-Traxler-type transition state, but rather through an open chain transition state similar to that seen for asymmetric alkylation reactions. Synthesis of the pentanoyl derivative, and subjecting it to the same aldol reaction gave the expected syn Evans product, as deduced from spectroscopic properties. When the aldol reaction was attempted with the appropriate aldehyde intermediate, it was found that the dibutylboron triflate in the reaction medium caused the cleavage of the O-TBS ether protection, resulting in the formation of (3S,5R)-3-(4-methoxybenzyloxy)-5-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-ol, before the aldehyde could undergo the aldol reaction. In order to avoid this problem, it is suggested that an alternative protecting group strategy using a more robust protecting group, such as a benzyl group which is stable to Lewis acids, could be substituted for the O-TBS group. Copyright / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Chemistry / unrestricted

Thesis advisor: Amir H. Hoveyda / Chapter 1 Enantioselective Conjugate Additions of Carbon Nucleophiles to Activated Olefins: Preparation of Enantioenriched Compounds Containing All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers. Methods for enantioselective conjugate addition of nucleophiles to activated olefins generating products containing all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers are critically reviewed. Enantioselective conjugate addition has been shown to be a powerful and concise approach to construct carbon-carbon bonds to prepare compounds containing sterically hindered stereogenic centers and has seen great advances in the past several years. Owing to the difficult nature of additions to relatively unreactive conjugate acceptors, compared to additions generating tertiary stereogenic centers, and construction of a sterically-hindered bond, in many cases, new and active catalysts had to be developed. The review discusses the areas where significant advances have been made as well as current limitations and future outlook. Chapter 2 Development of New and Active Catalysts for Cu-Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Alkyl- and Arylzinc Reagent. Through development of new chiral catalysts, we have found an active and enantiodiscriminating bidentate, sulfonate-containing NHC-Cu catalyst that effects enantioselective conjugate addition of alkyl- and arylzinc reagents on notoriously difficult trisubstituted cyclic enones. Products are prepared with high levels of selectivity and participate in a variety of further functionalizations. The enantioselective additions are efficient and practical, not requiring rigorously anhydrous or oxygen-free conditions. Chapter 3 Cu-Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Alkyl- and Arylaluminum Reagents to Trisubstituted Enones. Outlined in this chapter is the first effective solution for Cu-catalyzed enantioselective addition of alkyl and aryl nucleophiles to trisubstituted cyclopentenones generating products bearing a &beta;-all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center. Products are obtained in up to 97% yield and 99:1 er, only requiring 5 mol % of an in situ generated Cu-NHC catalyst. The methodology was highlighted as one of the key steps in the total synthesis of clavirolide C. Not only five-membered rings, but six- and seven-membered rings serve as proficient partners in the enantioselective process. Moreover, in cases for the enantioselective aryl addition, in situ prepared Me₂AlAr can be used without purification, filtration, or isolation, only requiring the corresponding aryl halides. The additions have also been extended to trisubstituted unsaturated lactones and chromones. Chapter 4 Cu-Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Vinylaluminum Reagents to Cyclic Trisubstituted Enones. An enantioselective protocol for the formation of &beta;,&beta;-disubstituted cyclic ketones containing a synthetically versatile vinylsilane is disclosed. Enantioselective conjugate addition of in situ prepared silyl-substituted vinylaluminum reagents to &beta;,&beta;-unsaturated ketones promoted by 5 mol % of chiral Cu-NHC complexes delivers desired products with high efficiency (up to 95% yield after purification) and enantioselectivities (up to >98:<2 er). Several functionalizations utilizing the vinylsilanes, vicinal to an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center, are shown, including an oxidative rearrangement, vinyl iodide formation and protodesilylation, accessing products not previously attainable. Furthermore, the enantioselective protocol is demonstrated as the key transformation in the total synthesis of riccardiphenol B. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry.

Thesis advisor: Amir H. Hoveyda / In the course of a total synthesis of quebrachamine, we were faced with a late-stage enantioselective ring-closing metathesis that could not be promoted by any of the state-of-the-art chiral metathesis catalysts. To overcome this deficiency, we designed and developed a new class of catalysts based on mechanistic and theoretical principles. The new catalysts contain a stereogenic metal center and display unprecedented levels of reactivity and selectivity in enantioselective olefin metathesis, enabling us to complete our planned synthesis of quebrachamine. We have also discovered that non-productive metathesis reactions with stereogenic-at-Mo catalysts, generated and used in situ as a mixture of diastereomers, are crucial to the efficiency and enantioselectivity of the ring-closing metathesis reactions. Specifically, our studies have indicated that the two diastereomers of catalyst are in rapid equilibrium due to non-productive metathesis with ethylene, generated as the desired ring-closing reaction proceeds, thereby establishing a reaction manifold that is under Curtin-Hammett control. Finally, in our efforts to prepare air-stable precursors to stereogenic-at-Mo olefin metathesis catalysts, we have examined the addition of N,N-chelating ligands to Mo bis-pyrrolide complexes. Upon addition of 2,2&#8242;-bipyridyl to bis-dimethylpyrrolide Mo complexes, rather than the expected octahedral chelate, a five-coordinate monopyrrolide alkylidyne complex is generated. The complex displays good air-stability and efficiently serves as a precursor to stereogenic-at-Mo alkylidene catalysts; several alkylidyne complexes have been prepared. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry.

Thesis advisor: Amir H. Hoveyda / Chapter One: An overview of Cu-catalyzed enantioselective allylic substitutions with organometallic reagents. Chapter Two: Development of Cu-catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylations of allylic chlorides with Grignard reagents for the formation of all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers is disclosed. Chapter Three: Development of Cu-catalyzed enantioselective allylic substitutions of allylic phosphates with alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic aluminum reagents for the formation of quaternary stereogenic centers is discussed. / Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第19744号 / 工博第4199号 / 新制||工||1648(附属図書館) / 32780 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科高分子化学専攻 / (主査)教授 中條 善樹, 教授 赤木 和夫, 教授 松原 誠二郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

Thesis advisor: Amir H. Hoveyda / Chapter 1. Mechanistic Insights and Factors Influencing Polytopal Rearrangements in Stereogenic-at-Ru Carbenes. Herein, the mechanistic elucidation of the stereochemical inversion in stereogenic-at-Ru carbene complexes through olefin metathesis (OM) and non-olefin metathesis (non-OM) based polytopal rearrangements is provided. Our investigations involve the isolation and characterization of previously hypothesized higher-energy (e.g., endo-anti) and lower-energy (e.g., exo-anti) diastereomers, and their interconversion under thermal and/or acid-catalyzed conditions is demonstrated. Furthermore, our computational efforts highlighting the importance of the anionic ligands, due to their critical role in trans influence, dipolar interactions, and e-e repulsions, in polytopal rearrangements are reported. Finally, the positive influence of H-bonding in OM and non-OM processes is also rationalized. (a) Khan, R. K. M.; Zhugralin, A. R.; Torker, S.; O'Brien, R. V.; Lombardi, P. J. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Synthesis, Isolation, Characterization, and Reactivity of High-Energy Stereogenic-at-Ru Carbenes: Stereochemical Inversion Through Olefin Metathesis and Other Pathways," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 12438-12441. (b) Torker, S.; Khan, R. K. M. and Hoveyda, A. H. "The Influence of Anionic Ligands on Stereoisomerism of Ru Carbenes and Their Importance to Efficiency and Selectivity of Catalytic Olefin Metathesis Reactions," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 3439-3455. Chapter 2. Highly Z- and Enantioselective Ring-Opening/Cross-Metathesis of Enol Ethers Through Curtin-Hammett Kinetics. The first instances of Z- and enantioselective Ru-catalyzed olefin metathesis are presented. Ring-opening/cross-metathesis (ROCM) reactions of oxabicyclic alkenes and enol ethers and a phenyl vinyl sulfide are promoted by 0.5-5.0 mol % of enantiomerically pure stereogenic-at-Ru complexes with an aryloxy chelate tethered to the N-heterocyclic carbene. Products are formed efficiently and with exceptional enantioselectivity (up to >98:2 enantiomer ratio). Surprisingly, the enantioselective ROCM reactions proceed with high Z selectivity (up to >98% Z). Moreover, reactions proceed with the opposite sense of enantioselectivity versus aryl olefins, which afford E- isomers exclusively. DFT calculations and deuterium-scrambling experiments, indicating fast interconversion between endo- and exo-Fischer carbene diastereomers, support a Curtin-Hammett situation. On this basis, models accounting for the stereoselectivity levels and trends are provided. Furthermore, the correlation of Fischer carbene character to the observed chemoselectivity in ROCM with enol ethers is also disclosed. Finally, a general proposal for the substrate-controlled Z selectivity in OM is also discussed. (a) Khan, R. K. M.; O'Brien, R. V.; Torker, S.; Li, B. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Z- and Enantioselective Ring-Opening Cross-Metathesis with Enol Ethers Catalyzed by Stereogenic-at-Ru Carbenes: Reactivity, Selectivity, and Curtin-Hammett Kinetics," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 12774-12779. (b) Torker, S.; Koh, M. J.; Khan, R. K. M. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Origin of Z selectivity in Olefin Metathesis Reactions of Certain Terminal Alkenes Catalyzed by Typically E-Selective Ru Carbenes," manuscript submitted. Chapter 3. A New Class of Highly Efficient Ru Catalysts for Z-Selective Olefin Metathesis. Herein, we outline a general design for Z-selective OM, which led to the development of a new class of stereogenic-at-Ru carbene complexes (Ru4-9). Furthermore, we demonstrate that the newly developed dithiolate complexes Ru4b and Ru5 efficiently promote high activity and selectivity in ROMP reactions of norbornene and cyclooctene. Notably, the catechothiolate Ru4b catalyzes Z-selective ROCM with a broad scope of alkenes involving various functional groups (e.g., alcohols, enol ethers, vinyl sulfides, amides, heterocycles, and conjugated 1,3-dienes). More importantly, we disclose that the catecholate complex Ru4a is kinetically non-selective in OM and readily decomposes in the presence of mildly acidic moieties (e.g., alcohols and CDCl3). Subsequently, Ru9 is developed to efficiently promote highly Z-selective CM of a diol cross-partner with a wide range of alkene substrates. Most remarkably, the aforementioned protocol is employed in two natural product syntheses and the OM-based Z-selective cracking of oleic acid, which is unprecedented with existing Ru-carbenes and Mo/W-alkylidenes. (a) Khan, R. K. M.; Torker, S. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Readily Accessible and Easily Modifiable Ru-Based Catalysts for Efficient and Z-Selective Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization and Ring-Opening Cross-Metathesis," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 10258-10261. (b) Koh, M. J.; Khan, R. K. M.; Torker, S. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Broadly Applicable Z- and Diastereoselective Ring-Opening/Cross-Metathesis Catalyzed By a Dithiolate Ru Complex," Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 1968-1972. (c) Khan, R. K. M. ; Torker, S. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Reactivity and Selectivity Differences Between Catecholate and Catechothiolate Ru Complexes. Implications Regarding Design of Stereoselective Olefin Metathesis Catalysts," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 14337-14340. (d) Koh, M. J.; Khan, R. K. M.; Torker, S.; Yu, M.; Mikus, M. S. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Synthesis of High-Value Alcohols, Aldehydes and Acids by Catalytic Z-Selective Cross-Metathesis" manuscript submitted. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry.

Les composés organiques présentant une chiralité portée par un atome de phosphore sont appelés composés P-chiraux, P-chirogéniques ou P-stéréogéniques. Ces composés trouvent des nombreuses applications dans l’industrie agrochimique et pharmaceutique, en tant qu’outils de coordination, mais surtout en catalyse organométallique asymétrique en tant que ligands privilégiés (Prix Nobel pour W. S. Knowles en 2001). Cependant, la synthèse de composés P-chiraux reste un défi majeur et les méthodes actuellement utilisées sont souvent difficiles à mettre en oeuvre et multi-étapes. Au cours de cette thèse nous nous sommes intéressés au développement d’une méthodologie efficace et inédite pour la synthèse de composés P-stéréogeniques. Notre approche est basée sur la réaction d’Atherton-Todd et implique le dédoublement cinétique dynamique lors d’un couplage entre un phénol portant un auxiliaire de chiralité, ie. le sulfoxyde, et un H-phosphinate racémique. De plus, la post-functionalisation des composés diastéréomériques P-chiraux ainsi obtenus est possible dans des conditions douces, permettant ainsi d’accéder à un large panel de composés P-stéréogeniques. Ainsi, cette nouvelle méthodologie permet de synthétiser, via un couplage O-P diastéréosélectif, des précurseurs originaux de composés P-chiraux variés. / Organic compounds having chirality on phosphorous atom, are called P-stereogenic, P-chirogenic or P-chiral compounds. These compounds are widely used in agrochemistry, pharmacy, coordination chemistry and in organometallic asymmetric catalysis, as one of the most important classes of chiral ligands (Nobel Prize 2001; W. S. Knowles). However, access to these P-stereogenic compounds, is challenging due to the complex, tedious and multi-steps synthetic methodologies. Herein, we report a highly efficient novel methodology to access P-stereogenic compounds, which often involves dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) under modified Atherton-Todd reaction conditions, using a racemic H-phosphinate and an enantiopure phenol bearing a chiral sulfoxide moiety. Furthermore, the newly obtained O-P coupling product can potentially be post-functionalised under mild conditions to obtain various original P-stereogenic scaffolds. Thus, these O-P coupling products can be considered as highly potential precursors to access a variety of original P-stereogenic molecules.

No description available.

Ce mémoire porte sur la synthèse asymétrique de ligands à pont méthano P-stéréogénique, ainsi que sur leurs applications en catalyse asymétrique, en chimie de coordination et pour la préparation de polymères de coordination avec des métaux de transition. Les diphosphines P-stéréogéniques sont synthétisées par création d'une liaison phosphore-carbone au niveau du pont méthano, à partir d'un anion formé en position α d'une méthylphosphines borane. Plusieurs stratégies ont été étudiées selon que l'électrophile est un complexe d’oxazaphospholidine borane, un phosphinite borane ou une chlorophosphine borane. L'utilisation de chlorophosphine borane dans cette synthèse s'est révélée la plus stéréosélective car les excès énantiomériques obtenus sont supérieurs à 99%. Les différentes stratégies étudiées montrent qu'il est possible d’accéder à des diphosphines diborane à pont méthano variées, dissymétriques ou de symétrie C2, porteuses de substituants alkyl ou aryl, tels que Me, OMe, Ph, o-An... Les diphosphines P-stéréogéniques obtenues ont été utilisées pour la synthèse des premiers clusters chiraux du palladium. Ceux-ci sont obtenus par réaction des ligands diphosphines, fraîchement décomplexées avec du DABCO, avec l’acétate de palladium en présence d’acide trifluoroacétique dans un mélange eau/acétone sous pression de CO. La structure cristallographique d'un des clusters de palladium préparés a pu être établie, confirmant la structure avec un cœur trimétallique de palladium. L'étude des propriétés électrochimiques et l'analyse RPE de ces clusters a permis de mettre en évidence la formation du premier radical dans un environnement chiral hautement structuré. Une étude de la réactivité de ces clusters chiraux dans une réaction de Friedel Craft a été réalisée, mais le produit est obtenu de façon non catalytique et sans activité optique significative. Par contre dans le cas de réactions asymétriques, tels que l’hydrogénation, l’hydrosilylation, l’allylation ou la réaction de Diels Alder, catalysées par des complexes du rhodium, du palladium ou d’argent, des inductions asymétriques de 30-38% sont obtenus. Il ressort que les synthèses stéréosélectives mises au point dans ce travail, permettent d'envisager maintenant les modifications structurales nécessaires à l'optimisation de ces catalyses asymétriques. Enfin dans une dernière partie, les diphosphines à pont méthano P-stéréogéniques ont été utilisées pour la préparation d'une nouvelle classe de polymères de coordination chiraux, dérivés du cuivre ou de l'argent. Les études photophysiques et le dichroïsme circulaire ont permis d’établir pour la première fois la structure 1-D de tels polymères et de mettre en évidence les propriétés optiques des macrocomplexes énantiomères. / We were interested in asymmetric synthesis of P-stereogenic methano bridged ligands and in their applications in asymmetric catalysis, coordination chemistry and in the preparation of coordination polymers of transition metals. P-stereogenic diphosphines were obtained highly stereoselectively by creation of a phosphorus-carbon bond on the methano bridge, starting from the anion formed in α position of methylphosphine borane. Several strategies were investigated, with the electrophiles varying from oxazaphospholidine borane complex, phosphinite borane, to chlorophosphine borane. The most stereoselective synthesis was obtained using chlorophosphine borane leading enantiomeric excesses up to 99%. Various methano bridge diphosphine diboranes, dissymmetric or C2-symmetric, bearing alkyl or aryl substituants (Me, OMe, Ph, o-An...), have been synthetised. The first chiral palladium clusters was prepared by reaction of the freshly decomplexed diphosphine with palladium acetate and trifluorocetic acid in water/acetone mixture under CO pressure. The palladium trimetallic center structure of the cluster was confirmed by X-ray analysis. Electrochemical properties and EPR analysis pointed out the formation of the first radical in highly structurated chiral environment. Preliminary studies of the chiral clusters in asymmetric Friedel Craft reaction were carried out, but lead to the product in a non-catalytic way and with no significant optical activity. The prepared chiral ligands were tested in asymmetric catalyzed hydrogenation, hydrosilylation, allylation and Diels Alder reaction using rhodium, palladium and silver derived catalysts and afforded low selectivities from 30 to 38% e.e. Nevertheless, the stereoselective syntheses of the diphosphine ligands elaborated in this work allow to pursue the optimisation of asymmetric catalysis by structural modifications. In the last chapter, P-stereogenic methano bridge diphosphines were used for the preparation of a new class of chiral coordination polymers derived from copper and silver. Photophysical studies and circular dichroism confirmed the 1-D structure and the optical properties of such polymers.

Cet ouvrage traite de la formation diastéréosélective de tétrahydropyranes 3,7-cis et 3,7-trans polysubstitués. Des méthodologies de cycloétherification et de C-glycosidation en tandem avec une réduction radicalaire y sont décrites (pyranes 3,7- trans) tandis qu’une haloéthérification en tandem avec le même processus radicalaire conduit aux pyranes 3,7-cis. Suite à des travaux antérieurs du laboratoire, des études ont été réalisées afin de comprendre l’influence de la stéréochimie des substituants en position C3, C6, C7 et C8 sur l’issue diastéréochimique lors d’un transfert d’hydrure sous contrôle exocyclique sur un centre radicalaire adjacent à un tétrahydropyrane (C2). Ces études ont permis de solutionner les problèmes de diastéréosélectivité rencontrés lors des réductions radicalaires des centres en C2 de divers fragments élaborés d’ionophores (e.g. zincophorine, salinomycine, narasine…) réalisées par notre groupe. Des études conformationnelles réalisées sur des pyranes di- ou tri-substitués ont permis de comprendre les diastéréosélectivités notées lors du processus radicalaire en fonction des stéréochimies relatives des centres précédemment cités. En particulier, l’utilisation d’un bicycle rigide (trans-octahydrochromène) a permis de montrer l’importance du positionnement spatial (axial ou équatorial) de la chaîne portant le centre radicalaire. Par la suite, nous avons pu mettre en évidence une amplification des ratios en faveur du produit de réduction radicalaire 2,3-anti lorsque la réaction est réalisée en présence d’un acide de Lewis monodentate encombré (MAD). L’optimisation du contrôle endocyclique lors du transfert d’hydrure a permis de générer la stéréochimie complémentaire 2,3-syn. L’utilisation du TTMSS comme source d’hydrure combinée à l’utilisation d’un acide de Lewis bidentate tel que MgBr2·OEt2 a permis l’obtention d’excellentes sélectivités en faveur du produit endocyclique. Des études RMN 13C ainsi que le titrage des ions Mg2+ en solution ont été effectués afin de comprendre la nature des complexes impliqués. Finalement, ces études ont permis la formation stéréocontrôlée de centres stéréogéniques adjacents à un THP, motifs fréquement rencontrés dans certains policétides. Elles permettent ainsi d’envisager la synthèse de polyéthers de type ionophore et d’autres molécules d’intérêt biologique. / This work describes the diastereoselective formation of polysubstituted 3,7-cis and 3,7-trans tetrahydropyrans. Tandem radical reduction/cycletherification and tandem radical reduction/C-glycosidation methodologies are depicted for 3,7-trans pyrans formation while tandem radical reduction/haloetherification lead to 3,7-cis pyrans. Following previous work in the laboratory, studies have been conducted to better understand the stereochemical influence that substituents in the C3, C6, C7 and C8 positions have on the diastereoselectivity of a hydride transfer radical reaction on a radical center with an adjacent tetrahydropyran (exocyclic control). These studies have helped to solve diastereoselectivity problems encountered with C2 radical reductions in different ionophore fragments (e.g. zincophorin, salinomycin, narasin ...) that were investigated by our group. Conformational studies performed on di-or tri-substituted pyrans have helped to understand the diastereoselectivities observed in the radical process of the stereochemical centers mentioned above. In particular, the use of a bicycle frame (trans-octahydrochromene) showed the importance of the spatial positioning (axial or equatorial) of the radical center chain. Subsequently, we were able to demonstrate an increase ratios for the 2,3-anti radical reduction product when the reaction was performed in the presence of a bulky monodentate Lewis acid (MAD). Optimization of hydride transfer under endocyclic control has generated the complementary 2,3-syn stereochemistry. Use of TTMSS as a hydride source combined with the use of a bidentate Lewis acid such as MgBr2·OEt2 allowed for the formation of endocyclic products with excellent selectivities. 13C NMR studies and titration of Mg2+ ions in solution were performed to understand the nature of the complexes involved. Finally, these studies led to the stereocontrolled formation of stereogenic centers adjacent to a THP, motifs frequently encountered in polyketides. This work thus involves the synthesis of polyether ionophore-type fragments and other molecules of biological interest.