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Characterization of the DNA Binding Properties of CST (CTC1-STN1-TEN1) And Their Importance for CST Function in Telomeric as well as Genome-wide ReplicationBhattacharjee, Anukana, M.S. 05 December 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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Clarifying the Role of the CST Complex in DNA Replication and RepairWysong, Brandon Carter 12 1900 (has links)
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Ends of linear chromosomes are maintained by specialized structures known as telomeres. These structures are protected by a number of essential protein complexes including the shelterin complex and CST (CTC1 – STN1 – TEN1) complex. CST is an RPA-like ssDNA binding protein that is vital for telomere length maintenance via inhibition of telomerase and stimulation of DNA polymerase α -primase during C-strand fill-in synthesis. CST is also known to possess additional genome-wide roles in regulating DNA replication and repair including helping facilitate replication re-start at stalled forks, activating checkpoint signaling at double-strand breaks, and promoting replication origin firing. Proper and efficient repair of DNA is critical in order to protect the integrity of the genome and prevent extreme mutagenesis. Telomeres have a strong predisposition to oxidative DNA damage in the form of 8-oxoguanine caused by exposure to reactive oxygen species and free radicals. These oxidative lesions are repaired by the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. Previous work has implicated telomeric proteins such as the shelterin complex in mediating BER. Here we show for the first time that the CST complex and individual subunits robustly stimulate a myriad of proteins involved in the BER pathway including Pol β, APE1, FEN1, and LIGI. CST’s ability to augment these BER-associated proteins could be instrumental in promoting efficient DNA repair. Additionally, we find that CTC1 and STN1 are able to significantly enhance the polymerase activity of Pol δ and Pol α on both random-sequence and telomeric-sequence DNA substrates in vitro. What is more, we establish the ability of CST to resolve G4 structure and promote Pol δ synthesis, which we predict is a key feature of CST’s involvement in DNA replication at telomeres, which are known to form replication-inhibiting G4’s. Our results define important mechanistic insight into CST’s role in DNA replication and repair, and provide a strong foundation for future studies relating defective telomere maintenance to aging disorders and cancers which impact human health.
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リボソームDNAおよびサブテロメアにおける繰り返し配列維持に係る分裂酵母Stn1の機能山本, 唯央 24 November 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(生命科学) / 甲第23589号 / 生博第467号 / 新制||生||62(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院生命科学研究科統合生命科学専攻 / (主査)教授 石川 冬木, 教授 北島 智也, 教授 高田 穣 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy in Life Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM
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Clarifying the Role of the CST Complex in DNA Replication and RepairBrandon Carter Wysong (11519407) 20 December 2021 (has links)
<p>Ends of linear chromosomes are maintained by specialized
structures known as telomeres. These
structures are protected by a number of essential protein complexes including
the shelterin complex and CST (CTC1 – STN1 – TEN1) complex. CST is an RPA-like ssDNA binding protein that
is vital for telomere length maintenance <i>via</i> inhibition of telomerase
and stimulation of DNA polymerase α -primase during C-strand fill-in synthesis.
CST is also known to possess additional genome-wide
roles in regulating DNA replication and repair including helping facilitate
replication re-start at stalled forks, activating checkpoint signaling at
double-strand breaks, and promoting replication origin firing. Proper and efficient repair of DNA is
critical in order to protect the integrity of the genome and prevent extreme
mutagenesis. Telomeres have a strong
predisposition to oxidative DNA damage in the form of 8-oxoguanine caused by
exposure to reactive oxygen species and free radicals. These oxidative lesions are repaired by the
base-excision repair (BER) pathway.
Previous work has implicated telomeric proteins such as the shelterin
complex in mediating BER. Here we show
for the first time that the CST complex and individual subunits robustly
stimulate a myriad of proteins involved in the BER pathway including Pol β,
APE1, FEN1, and LIGI. CST’s ability to
augment these BER-associated proteins could be instrumental in promoting
efficient DNA repair. Additionally, we
find that CTC1 and STN1 are able to significantly enhance the polymerase
activity of Pol δ and Pol α on both random-sequence and telomeric-sequence DNA
substrates <i>in vitro</i>. What is more, we establish the ability of CST
to resolve G4 structure and promote Pol δ synthesis, which we predict is a key
feature of CST’s involvement in DNA replication at telomeres, which are known
to form replication-inhibiting G4’s. Our
results define important mechanistic insight into CST’s role in DNA replication
and repair, and provide a strong foundation for future studies relating
defective telomere maintenance to aging disorders and cancers which impact
human health.</p>
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