Lui Ho-Chung, Oliver. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-64). / Table of Contents --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iii / List of Tables --- p.v / List of Appendices --- p.vi / Acknowledgments --- p.vii / Chapter / Chapter I --- Methodology --- p.1 / Chapter II --- Issues about the HSIF market --- p.2 / The establishment of the Hong Kong Futures Exchange --- p.2 / The Hang Seng Index --- p.3 / The Hang Seng Index Futures Contracts --- p.4 / Features of futures trading --- p.8 / The 1987 crash and the HKFE --- p.10 / Reforms --- p.12 / The evaluation after the reforms --- p.16 / Existing practices of the HSIF brokerage firms --- p.18 / Issues concerning the HSIF investors --- p.20 / Stimulating the HSIF market --- p.21 / Chapter III --- Issues about options --- p.23 / "Current News (updated to April 20, 1992)" --- p.23 / Options --- p.23 / Determination of option premiums --- p.26 / Options on the Hang Seng Index --- p.28 / Features of options in other markets --- p.30 / Margin requirement --- p.34 / Options on index vs. Options on index futures --- p.36 / Options on index vs. Index futures --- p.37 / Chapter IV --- Issues of option development --- p.39 / Lessons learned from the HSIF market --- p.39 / The trend--derivative products --- p.42 / Factors that make options on the HSI successful --- p.43 / Chapter V --- Conclusion --- p.46 / Appendices --- p.48 / References --- p.63

by Chau Chi-Man. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1987. / Bibliography: leaves 76-78.

by Wong Fat Keung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-46). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Fund's return --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2 --- Value weighted Index of Hedge Funds --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3 --- Sharpe' s(1992) style analysis --- p.8 / Chapter 2.4 --- Econometric Procedure and Hypothesis Test --- p.11 / Chapter 3. --- DATA --- p.15 / Chapter 3.1 --- Market Data --- p.15 / Chapter 3.2 --- Hedge Fund Data --- p.16 / Chapter 3.3 --- Selecting Market Factor --- p.17 / Chapter 4. --- RESULTS --- p.19 / Chapter 4.1 --- Interest Rate Market --- p.19 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Did the hedge fund industry as a whole manipulate the interest rate market? --- p.19 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Did the Jaguar Fund NV manipulate the interest rate market? --- p.23 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Did the Quantum Fund NV manipulate the interest rate market? --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2 --- Hang Seng Index Future Market --- p.26 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Did the hedge fund industry as a whole manipulate the Hang Seng Index Future Market? --- p.26 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Did the Jaguar Fund NV manipulate the Hang Seng Index Future Market? --- p.29 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Did the Quantum Fund NV manipulate the Hang Seng Index Future Market? --- p.31 / Chapter 4.3 --- Hang Seng Index Market --- p.33 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Did the hedge funds as a whole manipulate the Hang Seng Index Market? --- p.33 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Did the Jaguar Fund NV manipulate the Hang Seng Index Market? --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Did the Quantum Fund NV manipulate the Hang Seng Index Market? --- p.35 / Chapter 5. --- CONCLUSION --- p.37 / Chapter 5.1 --- Contribution --- p.41 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.44 / APPENDIX A TABLES --- p.47 / Table 1. Hedge Funds in value-weighted Index (vw38) --- p.47 / Table 2. Net Asset Value of Hedge Funds ( --- p.48 / Table 3. Hedge Fund Returns Around Crash --- p.49 / Table 4. Regression result of value-weighted index (vw38) --- p.50 / Table 5. Regression result of individual fund --- p.51 / Table 6. Correlation of return rates between different market segments from 11/1988 to 10/1999 --- p.52 / Table 7. Correlation of return rates between different market segments from 9/1997 to 10/1999 --- p.53 / Table 8. Regression result of 2-month HIBOR rate and dollar positions of hedge funds --- p.54 / Table 9. Regression result of 2-month HIBOR rate and dollar positions of Jaguar Fund NV --- p.55 / Table 10. Regression result of 2-month HIBOR rate and dollar positions of Quantum Fund NV --- p.56 / Table 11. Regression Result of Hang Seng Index Future Price against Dollar Positions of Hedge Funds --- p.57 / Table11b. Estimated Profit of Hedge Funds in the turmoil period in Hang Seng Index Future (in billions) --- p.58 / Table 12. Regression Result of Hang Seng Index Future Price against Dollar Positions of Jaguar Fund NV --- p.59 / Table 12b. Estimated Profit of Jaguar Fund NV in the turmoil periodin Hang Seng Index Future (in HK billions) --- p.60 / Table 13. Regression Result of Hang Seng Index Future Price against Dollar Positions of Quantum Fund NV --- p.61 / Table 13b. Estimated Profit of Quantum Fund NV in the turmoil periodin Hang Seng Index Future (in HK billions) --- p.62 / Table 14. Regression Result of Hang Seng Index Price against Dollar Positions of Hedge Funds --- p.63 / Table 15. Regression Result of Hang Seng Index Price against Dollar Positions of Jaguar Fund NV --- p.64 / Table 16. Regression Result of Hang Seng Index Price against Dollar Positions of Quantum Fund NV --- p.65 / APPENDIX B. FIGURES --- p.67 / Figure 1. Hong Kong Dollar Position of Hedge Funds --- p.67 / Figure 2. Hong Kong Dollar Position of Hedge Funds and 2m HIBOR Rate --- p.68 / Figure 3. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Jaguar Fund NV --- p.69 / Figure 4. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Jaguar Fund and 2m HIBOR Rate --- p.70 / Figure 5. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Quantum Fund NV --- p.71 / Figure 6. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Quantum Fund NV and 2m HIBOR Rate --- p.72 / Figure 7. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Hedge Funds in Hang Seng Index Future --- p.73 / Figure 8. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Hedge Funds in Hang Seng Index Future --- p.74 / Figure 7. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Hedge Funds in Hang Seng Index Future --- p.73 / Figure 8. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Hedge Funds in Hang Seng Index Future --- p.74 / Figure 9. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Jaguar Fund NV in Hang Seng Index Future --- p.75 / Figure 10. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Jaguar Fund NV in Hang Seng Index Future --- p.76 / Figure 11. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Quantum Fund NV in Hang Seng Index Future --- p.77 / Figure 13. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Hedge Funds in Hang Seng --- p.79 / Figure 17. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Quantum Fund NV in Hang Seng Index --- p.83 / Figure 18. Hong Kong Dollar Positions of Quantum Fund NV in Hang Seng Index --- p.84 / Figure 19. Net Profit of Hedge Funds in Hang Seng Index Future (in HK Billions) --- p.85 / Figure 20. Net Profit of Jaguar Fund NV in Hang Seng Index Future (in HK Billions) --- p.86

This paper investigates the market microstructure of the Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization weighted Stock Index (TX) futures contracts traded on the Taiwan Futures Exchange which quite recently switched from an electronic periodic call auction market to an electronic continuous auction market. No doubt it is a rare opportunity for us to deeply look into market quality under different trading mechanisms. Using time-stamped transaction data of trades and quotes covering the period from January 2001 to September 2002, overall behavior for all TX Futures contracts are explored first—including intraday and daily patterns in the bid-ask spreads, volume, trade size, volatility, liquidity ratio and other characteristics. Next, in order to observe whether long-term contracts and short-term contracts have different patterns, the sample is divided into two groups—quarterly expiration contract months (March, June, September, and December) and non-quarterly expiration contract months, and the intraday/daily patterns are displayed. Moreover, since TAIFEX transferred trading mechanism on July 29th 2002 from an electronic periodic call auction market to an electronic continuous auction market, intraday/daily patterns are separately illustrated and compared before and after July 29th 2002, and ANOVA F-Statistic and Kruskal-Wallis tests are also taken to provide more insights into time-varying behavior under two different kinds of market trading mechanisms. The empirical results indicate that the most active periods correspond to the TAIFEX’Ss opening five-minute interval (8:45-8:50), TSEC’Ss opening five-minute interval (9:00-9:05), and TAIFEX’S closing five-minute interval (13:40-13:45) with wide spreads and large trade sizes. In 54 five-minute intervals for the regular trading session of both TAIFEX and TSEC from 9:00 a.m. to 1:30 p.m., the behavior of spreads, volume and trade sizes mainly reveal U-shaped patterns. The average trading volume within each time interval plunges, except within the final 5 minutes closing procedure interval, after TAIFEX transferred trading mechanism from an electronic periodic call auction market to an electronic continuous auction market with wider spreads and narrower volatility, in general. Moreover, intraday patterns of the average volume under new microstructure exhibit a right angular U-shape while intraday patterns of volume under old microstructure reveal a smooth U-shape. The evidence suggests a conjecture that the transfer of market trading mechanism might result in informed traders’ altering their intraday behavior and might lessening their trading desire. Further evidence in confirmation of this statement is left to future work. / This paper investigates the market microstructure of the Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization weighted Stock Index (TX) futures contracts traded on the Taiwan Futures Exchange which quite recently switched from an electronic periodic call auction market to an electronic continuous auction market. No doubt it is a rare opportunity for us to deeply look into market quality under different trading mechanisms. Using time-stamped transaction data of trades and quotes covering the period from January 2001 to September 2002, overall behavior for all TX Futures contracts are explored first—including intraday and daily patterns in the bid-ask spreads, volume, trade size, volatility, liquidity ratio and other characteristics. Next, in order to observe whether long-term contracts and short-term contracts have different patterns, the sample is divided into two groups—quarterly expiration contract months (March, June, September, and December) and non-quarterly expiration contract months, and the intraday/daily patterns are displayed. Moreover, since TAIFEX transferred trading mechanism on July 29th 2002 from an electronic periodic call auction market to an electronic continuous auction market, intraday/daily patterns are separately illustrated and compared before and after July 29th 2002, and ANOVA F-Statistic and Kruskal-Wallis tests are also taken to provide more insights into time-varying behavior under two different kinds of market trading mechanisms. The empirical results indicate that the most active periods correspond to the TAIFEX’Ss opening five-minute interval (8:45-8:50), TSEC’Ss opening five-minute interval (9:00-9:05), and TAIFEX’S closing five-minute interval (13:40-13:45) with wide spreads and large trade sizes. In 54 five-minute intervals for the regular trading session of both TAIFEX and TSEC from 9:00 a.m. to 1:30 p.m., the behavior of spreads, volume and trade sizes mainly reveal U-shaped patterns. The average trading volume within each time interval plunges, except within the final 5 minutes closing procedure interval, after TAIFEX transferred trading mechanism from an electronic periodic call auction market to an electronic continuous auction market with wider spreads and narrower volatility, in general. Moreover, intraday patterns of the average volume under new microstructure exhibit a right angular U-shape while intraday patterns of volume under old microstructure reveal a smooth U-shape. The evidence suggests a conjecture that the transfer of market trading mechanism might result in informed traders’ altering their intraday behavior and might lessening their trading desire. Further evidence in confirmation of this statement is left to future work.

This dissertation investigates two fundamental questions related to how well exchange-traded funds that hold portfolios of fixed-income assets (bond ETFs) proxy for their underlying portfolios. The first question involves price/net-asset-value (NAV) mean-reversion asymmetries and the effectiveness of the arbitrage mechanism of bond ETFs. Methodologically, to answer the first question I focus on a time-series analysis. The second question involves the degree to which average returns of bond ETF shares respond to changes in factors that have been found to drive average returns of bond portfolios. To answer this question I shift the focus of the analysis to a cross-section asset pricing test. In other words, do bond ETF share prices track the value of their underlying assets, and are they priced by investors like bonds in the cross-section? The first essay concludes that bond ETF shares exhibit mean-reversion asymmetries when price and NAV diverge, along persistent small premiums. These premiums appear to reflect the added value that bond ETFs bring to the fixed-income asset market through smaller trading increments, greater liquidity, and the ability to buy on margin and sell short. The second essay concludes that market, bond-specific, and firm-specific risk factors can help to explain the variation in U.S. bond ETF average returns, but only size seems to be priced in the cross-section of expected returns. This is not surprising as the sample used in the asset pricing tests is limited to the period 2007-2010, which corresponds to the "great recession", and size has been interpreted in the asset pricing literature as a state variable that proxies for financial distress and is highly dependent on the phase of the real business cycle. / The two essays together suggest that bond ETFs can be used in trading strategies based on taking long and short positions in fixed-income assets, especially when trading in portfolios of fixed-income assets directly is not feasible. / by Charles W. Evans. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2011. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2011. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

by Lee Yiu Cho. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 47). / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.iii / ABSTRACT --- p.iv / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v / LIST OF CHARTS --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- THE HANG SENG INDEX OPTION --- p.3 / Chapter III. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / Chapter IV. --- METHODOLOGY & DATA COLLECTION --- p.9 / Methodology --- p.9 / The Black-Scholes Model --- p.9 / Data Collection --- p.11 / Data Manipulation --- p.13 / Limitation of Data --- p.14 / Chapter V. --- EMPIRICAL RESULTS --- p.16 / General Trading Pattern --- p.16 / Comparison of Actual and Theoretical Premiums --- p.17 / Analysis for 2 Sub-periods --- p.19 / Correlation Between Deviations and Variables --- p.22 / The Degree of in-the-money or out-of-the-money --- p.22 / Actual Premium Level --- p.23 / Transaction Volume --- p.25 / Chapter VI. --- CONCLUSION --- p.26 / CHARTS --- p.29 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.47

by Wong Man Kit, Andy, Yu Miu Ki. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-54). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Credit Risk --- p.2 / Operational risk --- p.3 / Liquidity risk --- p.3 / Legal risk --- p.3 / Market Risk --- p.3 / Model risk --- p.4 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5 / Value at Risk (VaR) --- p.5 / Minimum Variance --- p.7 / Dollar equivalence --- p.8 / Statistical Hedging --- p.8 / Risk and Return in an Imperfect Hedge --- p.8 / Expected return and standard deviation in a hedged position --- p.9 / Risk and Return in an actual hedge --- p.11 / Optimal Hedge Ratio --- p.13 / Deriving Optimal Hedge Ratio h* --- p.15 / Computing the minimum risk hedge ratio by regression --- p.16 / Basis Risk --- p.18 / Sources of Basis Risk --- p.19 / Variation in the equilibrium price relationship between cash and futures --- p.19 / "Random ""noise"" in the price process" --- p.19 / Mismatch between cash position and the underlying for the future --- p.20 / Hedging Effectiveness --- p.21 / Chapter III. --- DATA AND METHODOLOGY --- p.25 / Data --- p.25 / Data Collection --- p.25 / Data Selection --- p.25 / Data Manipulation --- p.26 / Methodology --- p.27 / Part I: The Selection of the Portfolios --- p.27 / Part II: The Determination of the Hedge Ratio --- p.28 / Part III: Hedged vs. Unhedged --- p.29 / Part IV: Data Analysis & Comparison --- p.31 / Chapter IV. --- FINDINGS --- p.35 / High volatility of Hong Kong market --- p.35 / Manipulation of institutional investors --- p.36 / Hong Kong financial market are less mature --- p.36 / Less efficient information flow --- p.37 / Less Sophisticated Investors --- p.38 / Results and Discussion --- p.39 / Empirical Results --- p.40 / Explanation for the differences --- p.42 / Limitations --- p.47 / Learning Period --- p.47 / Cross Hedging --- p.47 / Mismatch between the futures and the underlying index --- p.48 / Missing Stock Data in the S&P500 --- p.49 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSION --- p.50 / Tradeoff between risk and return --- p.50 / Hedge Effectiveness --- p.51 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.53

Choy Siu Kai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 35-37). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1-2 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.3-9 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- An Overview of Hong Kong Security Market and Data Description --- p.10-18 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Methodology --- p.19-24 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Futures and Mini Futures Results --- p.25-28 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Index and Futures Contracts Results --- p.29-32 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.33-34 / References --- p.35-37 / Appendix --- p.38-40 / Tables --- p.41-52 / Graphs --- p.53-57

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Also available in print.