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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Vergani / Banca: Marco Antonio Compagnoni / Banca: Silvana Regina Perez Orrico / Banca: Helena de Freitas Oliveira Paranhos / Banca: Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek / Resumo: Este estudo in vivo teve como objetivos avaliar: 1. a prevalência das diferentes espécies de Candida em pacientes diabéticos portadores de estomatite protética e compará-la àquela de pacientes não diabéticos com/sem estomatite protética; 2. a eficiência de dois tratamentos para estomatite protética em pacientes diabéticos: terapia antifúngica com nistatina e desinfecção de próteses totais por micro-ondas. Para isso, 210 pacientes usuários de prótese totais foram selecionados e distribuídos em três grupos de estudo. O grupo controle - GC foi formado por 90 pacientes não diabéticos e com mucosa oral saudável; os grupos experimentais foram formados por portadores de estomatite protética, sendo 80 pacientes não diabéticos - EPND e 40 diabéticos do tipo 2 controlados - EPD. Uma avaliação intra-oral dos pacientes dos grupos experimentais foi realizada e a aparência clínica da mucosa inflamada foi classificada de acordo com os critérios de Newton em graus I, II ou III. Coletas microbiológicas das próteses totais foram realizadas com swab estéril e plaqueadas em meio CHROMagar Candida. Em seguida, os procedimentos de identificação foram realizados: análise de microcultivo, teste de triagem fenotípica em caldo hipertônico e testes bioquímicos (ID-32C). Os resultados obtidos foram analisados por Intervalo de Confiança de Bonferroni e testes Exato de Fisher e Qui Quadrado (α=0,05). Os 40 pacientes diabéticos foram, então, submetidos ao tratamento da estomatite protética. Para isso, foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em 2 grupos (n=20): grupo NIS - tratamento com antifúngico tópico nistatina (suspensão oral - 100.000UI/mL), 4 vezes ao dia, por 14 dias; grupo MIC - tratamento por meio da irradiação das totais por micro-ondas (650W / 3 minutos), 3 vezes por semana, por 14 dias. Dois parâmetros... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate: 1. the prevalence of Candida spp. in well-controlled type 2 diabetic patients and compare it to that found in non-diabetics with/without denture stomatitis; 2. the efficacy of two treatments of denture stomatitis in diabetic patients: topical nystatin and denture microwave disinfection. Two hundred and ten denture wearer patients were divided into three groups of study. The control group - CG was formed by 90 individuals without diabetes or denture stomatitis and the experimental groups were formed by patients with denture stomatitis, being 80 non-diabetics - DSND and 40 well-controlled type 2 diabetics - DSD. Mucosal characteristics of denture stomatitis patients were classified in types I, II, and III, according to Newton's criteria. Mycological samples were taken from the dentures and cultured in CHROMagar′s plates. Candida spp. were identified by micro-cultivation, hypertonic Sabouraud broth, and bioMérieux ID32C assays. Results were analyzed by means of Bonferroni corrected confidence interval, Fisher's exact test, and Chi-square analysis of several proportions (α=0.05). The 40 diabetic patients were divided into two groups (n=20) and submitted to two treatments for denture stomatitis: NYS group - patients were treated with topical nystatin, 4 times a day, for 14 days; MW group - patients had their dentures microwaved (650W / 3 minutes), 3 times per week, for 14 days. Mycological samples were taken from the palates and the tissue surface of the dentures for quantification and identification of Candida spp. and standardized photographs of the palates were taken for the clinical analysis. Microbiological and clinical evaluations were repeated at baseline... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Resumo: Embora a etiologia da estomatite por prótese total seja frequentemente associada à Candida albicans, a literatura também indica que a infecção pode ser associada à outros fatores. Neste ínterim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a correlação entre a prevalência da estomatite por prótese total, o grupo sanguíneo ABO, presença de Candida ssp. e a higienização da prótese total. Foram avaliados 30 pacienttes (média de idade de 61,13 +-11,96 anos) portadores de prótese total superior, sendo que 23 eram do sexo feminino. O exame clínico incluiu a avaliação da mucosa do palato e a avaliação da higienização da prótese total. A qualificação da higiene da prótese total foi feita por meio da visualização do biofilme com o uso de evidenciadores de placa, nas superfícies internas das próteses. As amostras micológicas foram obtidas da mucosa do palato (região central), da superfície interna da prótese total (região central) e do dorso da língua, por meio da técnica de impressão ("imprint"), utilizando discos de filtro de papel, colocados diretamente em placas de cultura contendo meio seletivo CHROMagar Candida. As espécies isoladas foram identificadas por meio da prova de produção de clamidoconídeo e pelo sistem API 20C AUX, além da pré-identificação fornecida pelo uso do meio seletivo. Amostra sanguínea foi coletada para determinação do tipo sanguíneo do paciente (sistema ABO e Rh). As análises estatísticas dos resultados foram feitas utilizando testes não paramétricos (Spearman, Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis). Em nosso estudo, 53,33% dos pacientes apresentaram estomatite por prótese total e a identificação de Candida ssp. foi positiva para 80% dos pacientes. O grau de higiene das próteses... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Although the etiology of denture stomatitis has been commonly related to Candida albicans, some previous studies indicate that the infection could be associated to other factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the prevalence of denture stomatitis, ABO blood groups, mycological status and denture cleanliness. Thirty patients with mean age of 61.13+-11.96 yeas being 23 female using complete maxillary dentures were investigated. Oral examinations included clinical diagnosis of denture stomatitis as well as the evaluation of denture cleanliness. The denture cleanliness was assessed using a stain as plaque detector in the fitting denture surface. The yeast cultures from the palatal mucosa, fitting denture surface and dorsum of the tongue were obtained using an imprint at CHROMagar Candida. The determinations of the species of the isolates was performed by chlamydospore formation and sugar assimilation using API 20C AUX. Venous blood was collected for ABO blood group determination. Spearman correlation, non-parametric t test and analysis of variance were performed to analyse the data. In this study, 53.33% of the patients presented denture stomatitis and the identification of Candida spp. was positive in 80% of the samples. The denture clean liness was classified as poor in 93.33% of the dentures. A statistical correlation was found between yeast detection and denture stomatitis (r=0.8250; p<0,0001) and between Candida ssp. and denture cleanliness (r=0,4666; p=0,0248). Although, majority of the patients were from blood group O no statistical correlation was found between clinical variables and mycological results. Candida albicans was the most frequent yeast isolated (60.94%) followed by C. tropicalis, C. glabrata... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Orientador: Maria Regina Sposto / Coorientador: Maria José Soares Mendes Giannini / Banca: Carlos Eduardo Vergani / Banca: Jacks Jorge Junior / Mestre

Membrane fusion plays a crucial role in many biological processes from virus infection to release of neurotransmitters (Hughson 1999). Membrane -bound surface glycoproteins are involved in the fusion process. The enveloped animal virus infection is initiated by interactions between the virus and the cell membrane through the surface glycoproteins called fusion glycoproteins (Eckert and Kim 2001). The fusion glycoproteins are responsible for both receptor binding and membrane fusion activity. The fusion proteins are characterized by a large ectodomain containing fusion peptides, a transmembrane (TM) domain, and a cytoplasimic domain. The viruses can enter cells either at neutral pH or at acidic pH. When exposed to appropriate conditions, the fusion protein undergoes conformational changes, which in turn drives the fusion process. The fusion glycoproteins can be classified as Class I and Class II fusion proteins (Lescar eta/. 2001 ). The Class I fusion proteins are synthesized as a precursor molecule, which then undergoes proteolytic cleavage to generate a mature molecule containing the hydrophobic fusion peptide at the N -terminal. The class II fusion glycoproteins are not synthesized as precursor molecules, and they have internal fusion peptides. The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein G is a class Ill fusion protein. It has a neutral internal fusion peptide and upon exposure to low pH, the protein undergoes reversible conformational change (Gaudin 2000, Yao eta/. 2003). A 62kDa soluble ectodomain of VSV G (Gs) has been generated by limited trypsin digestion. The SDS PAGE gel electrophoresis indicates that the trypsin has possibly cleaved near the transmembrane (TM) domain. Liposome binding experiment suggests that Gs can bind to liposomes in a pH dependent manner. Liposome fusion studied by RET assay suggests that the Gs can induce significant amount of hemifusion. However, it failed to induce any content mixing mainly due to considerable amount of membrane leakage activity. This indicates that the binding to the membrane through the TM domain is required for complete membrane fusion. Unlike TBE E soluble ectodomain, Gs can form dimers and trimers at neutral and fusion active pH. Light scattering experiment shows that the aggregation of Gs increases with a decrease in pH. The conformational change with changes in pH was evident from the trypsin sensitivity assay and CD spectroscopy. It was observed that Gs became resistant to trypsin digestion at low pH and a-helicity content of the molecule increased upon lowering the pH. However, the maximum amount of a-helicity was observed at pH 6. The removal of the TM domain also shifts the optimum fusion pH towards more acidic pH in comparison to VSV G. These results indicate that the TM domain is not required for the oligomerization of G protein, but some role has been reserved for the TM domain during membrane fusion. The CD spectroscopic data also indicated that the G protein undergoes structural rearrangement between pH 7.4-6, which could be responsible for the exposure of fusion peptide and subsequent target membrane binding. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

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Call number: LD2668 .T4 1979 T516 / Master of Science

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2009. / Title from title page screen (viewed on February 3, 2010). Research advisor: Michael A. Whitt, Ph.D. Document formatted into pages (x, 91 p. : ill.). Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-90).

Haematological stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a revolutionary treatment for haematological malignancies. Although HSCT is potentially curative, patients usually develop stomatitis which is a common and debilitating complication after the transplantation. Furthermore, stomatitis may predispose patients to various complications which are associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality. In some studies, ice water mouthwash has been shown to be an effective method for the prevention of stomatitis. However, a high-level evidence-based protocol on the prevention of stomatitis has not been fully developed and it is not commonly practiced in most HSCT centers at present. A well established protocol can help to minimize the patients’ suffering and avoid prolonged hospitalization. The nurses who are involved in patient education, assessment, care for, and coping with stomatitis, play an important role to bring these innovations into practice. In this regard, this translational research aims at developing an evidence-based protocol on using ice water mouthwash in the prevention of stomatitis for patients undergoing autologous HSCT. A systematic search for relevant literatures was performed with the use of five electronic databases. Six relevant studies were found. Critical appraisal on the relevant studies was conducted. The level of evidence extracted from the studies was graded according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and were synthesized to establish the protocol for patients in the proposed setting. The implementation potential of the protocol was assessed in terms of the transferability, feasibility, and cost benefit ratio. An implementation and evaluation plan was established for comprehensive evidence-based protocol development. The successful implementation of the protocol will be beneficial for the patients undergoing HSCT as it may hasten their recovery, shorten their hospital stay, and minimize their distressing experience and suffering. / published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Nursing