Published Article / The changes brought about by global competitiveness place increasing pressure on local government to deliver more and better services to communities. To determine whether South Africa has benefited from globalisation per se in terms of improved performance, performance management in the South African local government needs to be investigated through benchmarking the prerequisites for such a system set, and an appraisal of the performance of local government in South Africa since 1994. Strategies for improved performances to be globally competitive will furthermore be advanced.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:40:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1030707 bytes, checksum: 38a98872217f0816409997c5432b9b0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Every year, at trials called as value for cultivation and use (VCU s), new rice lines, which have potential to be recommended for the rice farmers, are inserted and evaluated, joining the remaining ones from the last year. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate the genetic progress of the important characters for the crop. This estimative indicates the effectiveness of the selection and the necessity of using new selection methods and strategy. Thus, the objective was estimating the genetic progress of agronomic characters of the irrigated rice breeding program at the state of Minas Gerais between 1998 and 2012. For this, it were evaluated the characters: productivity of grains (Kg.ha-1), 100-grain weight (g), plant height (cm), days until flowering (days), tillering(notes) andlodging (notes) of 108 rice lines of ACT s conduced at randomized block design, with three to four repetitions, at four different regions of Minas Gerais between the years of 1998 and 2012. Not all the sites were included in all crop years, according to their selective accuracy. To obtain true estimates of the genetic values it was used the technic REML/BLUP. The genotypes were evaluated at the sites in every year and between the years through the deviance analyses. After, it was estimated the environmental and genetic progress. There was a significant effect for genotype effect and of the interaction genotype x site and genotype x year. The genetic progress observed during the period was: 195,91 kg.ha-1; 0,10 g; 1,50 cm; 3,17 day; -0,01 points; and, -0,18 points, for productivity, 100-grain weight, plant height, days until flowering, tillering and lodging, respectively. Even though the results were satisfactory, new strategies should be employed, such as increase the genetic base of the program, increase of the repetition number, latice design, use of selection indexes, increase of the substitution rate and reduction of the maintaining rate of the rice lines of the program. / A cada ano, nos ensaios de valor de cultivo e uso (VCU s), são inseridas e avaliadas novas linhagens com potencial para serem recomendadas aos orizicultores, juntando-se àquelas remanescentes do ano anterior. Desta forma, é possível avaliar o progresso genético dos caracteres importantes para a cultura. Esta estimativa indica a eficácia da seleção e a necessidade do emprego de novos métodos e estratégias de seleção. Diante disso, o objetivo foi estimar o progresso genético de caracteres agronômicos no programa de melhoramento de arroz irrigado do estado de Minas Gerais entre 1998 e 2012. Para isso, foram avaliados os caracteres: produtividade de grãos (Kg.ha-1), peso de 100 grãos (g), altura de plantas (cm), dias para floração (dias), perfilhamento (nota) e acamamento (nota) de 108 linhagens dos ECA s conduzidos em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três a quatro repetições, em quatro regiões de Minas Gerais entre os anos de 1998 e 2012. Nem todos os locais foram contemplados em todos os anos agrícolas, de acordo com a acurácia seletiva nos mesmos. Para a obtenção de estimativas fiéis dos valores genéticos foi utilizada a técnica REML/BLUP. Os genótipos foram avaliados nos locais dentro de cada ano e entre os anos pela análise de deviance. Posteriormente, foi estimado o progresso genético e ambiental. Houve efeito significativo para efeito de genótipos e das interações genótipos x locais e genótipos x anos. O progresso genético observado no período foi de foi de 195,91 kg.ha-1; 0,10 g; 1,50 cm; 3,17 dias; 0,01 pontos; e, -0,18 pontos para: produtividade de grãos, peso de 100 grãos, altura de plantas, dias para floração, acamamento e perfilhamento, respectivamente. Apesar de satisfatórios, novas estratégias devem ser empregadas, como: aumento da base genética do programa, aumento no número de repetições, delineamento em látice, utilização de índices de seleção, elevação da taxa de substituição e redução da taxa de manutenção das linhagens do programa.

Preventable medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the United States. Healthcare leaders must consistently promote the delivery of quality and safe care of patients to reduce unnecessary errors and prevent harm. The purpose of this case study was to explore human resource strategies for improving organizational performance to reduce medical errors. The study included face-to-face interviews with 5 healthcare clinical managers who work within a multifaceted health system in the Midwestern region of the United States. Complex adaptive systems theory was used to frame this study. Interview notes, publicly available documents, and audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed to identify themes regarding strategies used by managers to find effective ways for improvement. Four themes emerged: addressing seminal/never events, ongoing training programs, communication/collaboration, and promoting a culture of safety and quality. Results may directly benefit healthcare managers by facilitating successful strategies to reduce preventable medical errors through education, feedback, innovation, and leadership. Implications for social change for healthcare managers include continued training, building a culture of safety, and using collaborative and communicative efforts while making contributions to the best practices within healthcare organizations to reduce the likelihood of medical errors.