The thesis investigates how FDI intra-industry spillovers are affected by MNE ownership modes and sub-national locations. A conceptual framework is developed which utilises IB theories to propose how MNE ownership modes and sub-national locations are likely to matter for FDI spillovers. The research propositions are explored quantitatively using an unbalanced firm-level panel dataset of 1624 Indian manufacturing firms (1991-2008) with 5203 firm-year observations. The model estimation is carried out in STATA 13.0 in two stages; firstly, by using semi-parametric (Levinsohn-Petrin) method to derive the dependent variable (TFP of domestic firms); and secondly, by using fixed effects model estimated in first-differences to relate TFP of domestic firms' with different measures of foreign presence. Results from the first model reveal that WOSs and MAJVs have positive spillover effects whereas MIJVs have negative spillover effects in the Indian manufacturing sector. The second model finds that the net spillover effect in non-metropolitan regions is higher than in metropolitan regions. The thesis discusses the possible major policy implications of the results and considers possible reasons for the differences in the spillovers for different ownership modes and sub-national locations.

O objetivo da dissertação consiste em uma pesquisa sobre migração partidária em um estado federativo brasileiro, através do estudo de caso da 15ª Legislatura (2003-2007) da Assembléia Legislativa do Paraná (ALEP). Sabe-se que o fenômeno da migração partidária recebeu considerável atenção dos pesquisadores interessados nas instituições políticas brasileiras no pós-88. Contudo, percebe-se uma lacuna: poucos estudos da Ciência Política preocuparam-se em mensurar as trocas de legendas nas Casas Legislativas brasileiras, o foco amplamente majoritário refere-se à Câmara dos Deputados. Os procedimentos para investigar por que os deputados estaduais eleitos mudam de partido e qual a direção da troca são cinco, (i) análise do contexto institucional paranaense – organização interna da ALEP e do quadro partidário estadual de 1982 a 2006 – através do regimento interno da Assembléia e dados sobre as estatísticas eleitorais; (ii) levantamento quantitativo de todas as trocas partidárias dos parlamentares estaduais eleitos de 1987 a 2007, a fonte são os anais da Assembléia e informações disponibilizados pela Diretoria Legislativa da ALEP; (iii) discussão da literatura relativa à migração partidária na Câmara dos Deputados e comparação dos principais achados do caso em estudo àqueles encontrados pelos pesquisadores em âmbito federal; (iv) a partir de um banco de dados sobre a carreira política dos deputados paranaenses eleitos no pleito majoritário de 2002 (as informações são da própria ALEP) e do padrão da distribuição dos votos recebidos (dados obtidos no site do TSE), analisa-se a dimensão micro do fenômeno ao mensurar a experiência política prévia do migrante e os cargos ocupados na 15ª Legislatura; (v) o último procedimento diz respeito à análise de seis entrevistas em profundidade realizadas com deputados que trocaram de partido entre 2003 a 2007 no Legislativo paranaense. / The aim of the thesis consists of a research on party migration in a state of Brazil, through a case study of the 15th Legislature (2003-2007) of the Legislative Assembly of Paraná (ALEP). The phenomenon of party migration received considerable attention from researchers interested in the Brazilian political institutions in post-88. However, there is a gap: few studies of political science were concerned to measure the party switching in Brazilian Legislative Houses; the focus mostly refers to the House of Representatives. There are five procedures to investigate why the state representatives switch to a different party after election and which is the direction of the exchange, (i) analysis of the institutional context in Paraná – the ALEP’s internal organization and ALEP party framework from 1986 to 2006 – through the bylaws of assembly and details of the voting statistics; (ii) quantitative survey of all the party changes elected state from 1987 to 2007, the source is the records of the Assembly and information provided by the Board’s Legislative ALEP; (iii) discussion of the literature on party switching in the House of Representatives and comparison of the main findings of the present study to those found by researchers at the federal level; (iv) from a database on the political career of the majority elected on 2002 on Paraná (the information are from the ALEP) and the pattern of distribution of votes received (data obtained from the site of the TSE), analyzes the micro dimension of the phenomenon to measure the prior political experience of the migrant and the positions occupied in the 15th Legislature; (v) last case concerns the analysis of six in-depth interviews conducted with members who switched sides from 2003 to 2007 in the Legislative on Paraná state.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-10-05T12:57:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Pedron_.pdf: 427411 bytes, checksum: 3ec46db7e95778a77ba0a7da26faffca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-05T12:57:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Pedron_.pdf: 427411 bytes, checksum: 3ec46db7e95778a77ba0a7da26faffca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-21 / itt Performance - Instituto Tecnológico em Desempenho da Construção Civil / O objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender a relação entre o ciclo de negócios e o resultado primário do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, foram coletados dados mensais da Ferramenta de finanças públicas em tempo real da Secretaria da Fazenda do estado para o período de 1999-2015, os quais conduziram ao cálculo do resultado primário trimestral sem operações intraorçamentárias. Estes dados foram ajustados pela inflação pelo IPCA e pela sazonalidade utilizando o Census X-13 multiplicativo, e então foram utilizados para estimar o balanço orçamentário estrutural pela abordagem do Fundo Monetário Internacional. As repartições de receitas da União e as transferências diversas foram removidas da regressão e a elasticidade das receitas em relação ao PIB foi estimada através de um modelo autorregressivo, resultando em 1,0908, enquanto o PIB potencial foi obtido pelo uso do filtro Christiano-Fitzgerald. Nenhum ajuste foi aplicado às despesas ou às transferências da União. Os resultados mostraram que o Rio Grande do Sul está mais predisposto a operar acima do PIB potencial e promovendo contrações fiscais, apesar de mostrar mais esforços nas fases de expansão. Assim, foram encontradas políticas pró-cíclias em 75% dos anos da amostra. Quando os ciclos políticos foram analisados, apenas o ciclo da governadora Yeda Crusius (2007-2010) apresentou-se de forma anti-cíclica. De forma geral, o estado está alinhado à ciclicidade do governo federal, mesmo considerando que, metade dos períodos que foram comparados com Andreis (2014) apresentaram políticas opostas às estimadas. Finalmente sugestões foram dadas para o estado na forma de contrações fiscais, inspirado em Santos (2014). / The aim of this study is to understand the relation between the business cycle and the primary result of Rio Grande do Sul. For that reason, monthly data were collected from the Real-time public finances tool of the state finances office for the period of 1999-2015, which allowed for the calculation of the quarterly primary result without intra-budget operations. These data were adjusted for inflation by IPCA and seasonality by multiplicative Census X-13 and then used to run the International Monetary Fund (IMF) approach of the structural budget balance. The transfers from the federal government were removed from the regression and the elasticity of revenue to the output was estimated through an autoregressive model and resulted in 1.0908, while the potential GDP was obtained through the Christiano-Fitzgerald filter. No adjustments were applied to the expenditures or the transfers. The results pointed out that Rio Grande do Sul is more likely to be operating above trend GDP and taking actions of fiscal contraction, although working harder during phases of expansion. Thus, pro-cyclical policies were conducted on 75% of the years of the sample. When the political cycles were analyzed, it turned out only the cycle of governor Yeda Crusis (2007-2010) had a counter-cyclical bias. Overall, the state is aligned with the cyclicality of the federal government, even though half of the periods that were compared to the findings of Andreis (2014) displayed opposite fiscal stances. In the end, some suggestions were made for fiscal contractions, inspired by Santos (2014).

Thesis (Ph.D. (Economics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Disertacijoje analizuojami subnacionalinio valdymo struktūros ir teritorinių savivaldybių kompetencijos tobulinimo teoriniai ir praktiniai aspektai. Pirmame disertacijos skyriuje nagrinėjami decentralizacijos teoriniai-metodologiniai aspektai: decentralizacijos turinio analizės problemos ir decentralizacijos privalumai bei trūkumai. Aptariama subnacionalinio valdymo struktūra ir vieta viešojo valdymo sistemoje, analizuojamos teritorinių savivaldybių kompetencijos sampratos, teritorinių savivaldybių ir kitų viešojo valdymo subjektų kompetencijos atskyrimas, teritorinių savivaldybių kompetencijos apibūdinimas, nagrinėjami subnacionalinio valdymo struktūros ir teritorinių savivaldybių kompetencijos nustatymo teoriniai aspektai. Antrame skyriuje analizuojama Lietuvos subnacionalinio valdymo struktūra ir vieta šalies viešojo valdymo sistemoje, išryškinamos teritorinio valdymo reformų kryptys 1995-2008 m. rugpjūtį, nagrinėjama Lietuvos savivaldybių bei apskričių viršininkų institucijų kompetencija ir sąveika 1995-2008 m. rugpjūčio laikotarpiu. Trečiame skyriuje pagrįsta disertacinio projekto metu atlikto empirinio tyrimo metodologija. Pristatomi ir apibendrinami Lietuvos subnacionalinio valdymo struktūros ir vietos savivaldybių bei apskričių viršininkų institucijų kompetencijos tyrimo rezultatai. Atlikto empirinio tyrimo pagrindu pateikiamos alternatyvios Lietuvos subnacionalinio valdymo struktūros ir savivaldybių bei apskričių viršininkų institucijų kompetencijos modelio... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Theoretical and practical aspects of sub-national government structure and territorial municipalities‘ competence are developed in a dissertation. The first chapter of the thesis examines the theoretical-methodological aspects of decentralization: problems of decentralization contents analysis as well as shortcomings and advantages of decentralization. It discusses the sub-national government structure and its place within the public governance system; analyzes the conceptions of territorial municipalities’ competence, division of competence of territorial municipalities and other subjects of public government as well as description of competence of territorial municipalities; examines theoretical aspects of establishing the sub-national government structure and the competence of territorial municipalities. The second chapter analyses the sub-national government structure of Lithuania and its place within the country’s public governance system, highlights the directions of territorial government reforms made in 1995- August 2008, examines the competence of Lithuanian municipalities and county governors’ institutions during the period of 1995-August 2008. The third chapter substantiates the methodology of empirical research, carried out in the course of thesis project. Research results of the sub-national government structure of Lithuania and of the competence of local municipalities and county governors’ institutions are presented and summarized. Based on the conducted... [to full text]

The global spread of the neoliberal paradigm has propelled a recent worldwide trend of educational decentralization/centralization policies. Such policies constitute a contradictory ensemble that has shifted authority and accountability across national, provincial or state, municipal, and school levels. They have also been marked by contestation over the extent to which curricula are nationally standardized or locally defined. Education reform in Brazil in this regard has been shaped by a confluence of neoliberal and critical theoretical currents: enhance the nation’s economic competitiveness in the global market and redress pressing societal issues. Using Basil Bernstein’s concepts of classification and framing together with critical educational scholars’ conceptualizations of knowledge and knowledge in the official and enacted curriculum as conceptual and theoretical frameworks, this comparative ethnographic case study examines the nexus between curriculum, knowledge, and pedagogy in municipal schools in Brazil’s Northeast. In doing so it addresses gaps in comparative educational research on curriculum knowledge along with how educational decentralization/centralization policies are implemented in practice. The central thesis is that municipal school curricula knowledge dynamics—the classification and framing of knowledge in the official curriculum and the relation of such with what knowledge is legitimized in classrooms, how such is transmitted and analyzed, and why—in Brazil’s Northeast encompass a multilevel web of contradictions. This web spans incongruent ideologies, opposing elements of autonomy and accountability, conflicting pedagogical principles and practices, and a chasm between curriculum ideals and urban periphery municipal school realities.

The global spread of the neoliberal paradigm has propelled a recent worldwide trend of educational decentralization/centralization policies. Such policies constitute a contradictory ensemble that has shifted authority and accountability across national, provincial or state, municipal, and school levels. They have also been marked by contestation over the extent to which curricula are nationally standardized or locally defined. Education reform in Brazil in this regard has been shaped by a confluence of neoliberal and critical theoretical currents: enhance the nation’s economic competitiveness in the global market and redress pressing societal issues. Using Basil Bernstein’s concepts of classification and framing together with critical educational scholars’ conceptualizations of knowledge and knowledge in the official and enacted curriculum as conceptual and theoretical frameworks, this comparative ethnographic case study examines the nexus between curriculum, knowledge, and pedagogy in municipal schools in Brazil’s Northeast. In doing so it addresses gaps in comparative educational research on curriculum knowledge along with how educational decentralization/centralization policies are implemented in practice. The central thesis is that municipal school curricula knowledge dynamics—the classification and framing of knowledge in the official curriculum and the relation of such with what knowledge is legitimized in classrooms, how such is transmitted and analyzed, and why—in Brazil’s Northeast encompass a multilevel web of contradictions. This web spans incongruent ideologies, opposing elements of autonomy and accountability, conflicting pedagogical principles and practices, and a chasm between curriculum ideals and urban periphery municipal school realities.

It is increasingly acknowledged that the proper objective of government efforts towards economic development should be aimed at improvements beyond simple measures of growth, poverty and inequality towards richer measures of human well-being. Herein, the economic and non-economic quality of life, as well as the quantity of life, becomes important indicators. Economists and other social planners therefore need to develop more meaningful indicators of the quality of life. Objective and subjective indicators of the quality of life can be distinguished. For various reasons, this thesis will focus on the search for more meaningful objective indicators of the quality of life. One of the most wellknown objective indicators of quality of life is the Human Development Index (HDI). There is, however, a growing dissatisfaction with the HDI. In this thesis, two recent methodological advances in the measurement of quality of life are applied and combined and, in particular, in the measurement of the non-economic quality of life, to the sub-national quality of life in South Africa. As such, this thesis’ contribution is twofold. First, it investigates the extent to which the quality of life differs within a developing country, as opposed to most studies that focus on either inter-country differences in quality of life, or studies that focus only on spatial inequalities within countries using a restricted set of measures such as per capita income or poverty rates and headcounts. Secondly, this thesis applies a recent methodology proposed by McGillivray (2005) to isolate the non-economic (non-monetary) quality of life in various composite indices and to focus on the non-economic quality of life across 351 South African magisterial districts Indices for the non-economic quality of life are compiled for geographical quality, for demographic quality, and based on the human development index. Furthermore, given that composite indices used in the construction of measures of quality of life consist of weightings of multiple proxies, this thesis implements the method of Lubotsky and Wittenberg (2006) which proposed a new estimator for the case where multiple proxies are to be used for a single, unobserved variable such as quality of life. This thesis establishes that when the non-economic quality of life of the demographic index is considered, the top ten regions in 1001 were as follows: Pretoria, Johannesburg, Soweto, Port Elizabeth, Durban, Inanda, Pietermaritzburg, Wynberg, Mitchellsplain and Vanderbijlpark. It is important to note that, when interpreting these results, one should take caution since variables such as the number of people, number of households etc. is included in this index and as a region grows in population size the more negative consequences such as a higher crime rate can be associated with the particular region. The top ten regions in which to reside in 1004 as determined by the geography quality of life index were: Calvinia, Gordonia, Namaqualand, Kenhardt, Carnarvon, Ubombo, Williston, Hlabisa, Ceres and Ingwavuma. This geography index measures a region's natural beauty which, according to Wey (2000), contributes positively to one's perceived quality of life. Considering changes in non-economic quality of life indices between 1996 and 2004, the conclusion can he drawn that the South African government has been successful to a certain degree in addressing non-economic quality of life. Social policies such as health care, education, housing, water and sanitation appear to have had a positive effect on people's perceived non-economic quality of life in areas that were relatively deprived in 1996. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Economics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007

This diploma thesis deals with fiscal rules at the sub-national government level. The main goal is to make an analysis of the evolution and current situation of fiscal rules at the sub-national government level and to make the systematic classification of fiscal rules parameters and their choice in the EU member countries. The literary overview includes the introduction into the topic of fiscal rules and explains the connection between short-terms and long-terms goals of public finances and motives for the implementation of fiscal rules. There is also presented their typology. The next important part of this theme is the fiscal decentralization, which is also introduced here. This part is concluded by the overview of studies, which examine and evaluate the strength and effectiveness of fiscal rules at sub-national government level. The part of solutions and results includes the descriptive analysis of evolution and current situation of fiscal rules in EU member countries (EU-27) with the focus on local and regional sub-national government level. Then some selected parameters (share of sub-national public debt to GDP, fiscal decentralization, fiscal autonomy and (non)membership of EU member countries in the Eurozone) are compared with the number of implemented fiscal rules at the sub-national government level and in some cases with the fiscal rule strength index to prove or refute the set hypotheses. The hypotheses which are formulated in the methodology of this thesis are not proved by the correlation and by the main graphs. But there are some examples supporting these hypotheses.

O objetivo da dissertação consiste em uma pesquisa sobre migração partidária em um estado federativo brasileiro, através do estudo de caso da 15ª Legislatura (2003-2007) da Assembléia Legislativa do Paraná (ALEP). Sabe-se que o fenômeno da migração partidária recebeu considerável atenção dos pesquisadores interessados nas instituições políticas brasileiras no pós-88. Contudo, percebe-se uma lacuna: poucos estudos da Ciência Política preocuparam-se em mensurar as trocas de legendas nas Casas Legislativas brasileiras, o foco amplamente majoritário refere-se à Câmara dos Deputados. Os procedimentos para investigar por que os deputados estaduais eleitos mudam de partido e qual a direção da troca são cinco, (i) análise do contexto institucional paranaense – organização interna da ALEP e do quadro partidário estadual de 1982 a 2006 – através do regimento interno da Assembléia e dados sobre as estatísticas eleitorais; (ii) levantamento quantitativo de todas as trocas partidárias dos parlamentares estaduais eleitos de 1987 a 2007, a fonte são os anais da Assembléia e informações disponibilizados pela Diretoria Legislativa da ALEP; (iii) discussão da literatura relativa à migração partidária na Câmara dos Deputados e comparação dos principais achados do caso em estudo àqueles encontrados pelos pesquisadores em âmbito federal; (iv) a partir de um banco de dados sobre a carreira política dos deputados paranaenses eleitos no pleito majoritário de 2002 (as informações são da própria ALEP) e do padrão da distribuição dos votos recebidos (dados obtidos no site do TSE), analisa-se a dimensão micro do fenômeno ao mensurar a experiência política prévia do migrante e os cargos ocupados na 15ª Legislatura; (v) o último procedimento diz respeito à análise de seis entrevistas em profundidade realizadas com deputados que trocaram de partido entre 2003 a 2007 no Legislativo paranaense. / The aim of the thesis consists of a research on party migration in a state of Brazil, through a case study of the 15th Legislature (2003-2007) of the Legislative Assembly of Paraná (ALEP). The phenomenon of party migration received considerable attention from researchers interested in the Brazilian political institutions in post-88. However, there is a gap: few studies of political science were concerned to measure the party switching in Brazilian Legislative Houses; the focus mostly refers to the House of Representatives. There are five procedures to investigate why the state representatives switch to a different party after election and which is the direction of the exchange, (i) analysis of the institutional context in Paraná – the ALEP’s internal organization and ALEP party framework from 1986 to 2006 – through the bylaws of assembly and details of the voting statistics; (ii) quantitative survey of all the party changes elected state from 1987 to 2007, the source is the records of the Assembly and information provided by the Board’s Legislative ALEP; (iii) discussion of the literature on party switching in the House of Representatives and comparison of the main findings of the present study to those found by researchers at the federal level; (iv) from a database on the political career of the majority elected on 2002 on Paraná (the information are from the ALEP) and the pattern of distribution of votes received (data obtained from the site of the TSE), analyzes the micro dimension of the phenomenon to measure the prior political experience of the migrant and the positions occupied in the 15th Legislature; (v) last case concerns the analysis of six in-depth interviews conducted with members who switched sides from 2003 to 2007 in the Legislative on Paraná state.