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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

ADVANCES IN MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL

Kheradmandi, Masoud January 2018 (has links)
In this thesis I propose methods and strategies for the design of advanced model predictive control designs. The contributions are in the areas of data-driven model based MPC, model monitoring and explicit incorporation of closed-loop response considerations in the MPC, while handling issues such as plant-model mismatch, constraints and uncertainty. In the initial phase of this research, I address the problem of handling plant-model mismatch by designing a subspace identification based MPC framework that includes model monitoring and closed-loop identification components. In contrast to performance monitoring based approaches, the validity of the underlying model is monitored by proposing two indexes that compare model predictions with measured past output. In the event that the model monitoring threshold is breached, a new model is identified using an adapted closed-loop subspace identification method. To retain the knowledge of the nominal system dynamics, the proposed approach uses the past training data and current input, output and set-point as the training data for re-identification. A model validity mechanism then checks if the new model predictions are better than the existing model, and if they are, then the new model is utilized within the MPC. Next, the proposed MPC with re-identification method is extended to batch processes. To this end, I first utilize a subspace-based model identification approach for batch processes to be used in model predictive control. A model performance index is developed for batch process, then in the case of poor prediction, re-identification is triggered to identify a new model. In order to emphasize on the recent batch data, the identification is developed in order to increase the contribution of the current data. In another direction, the stability of data driven predictive control is addressed. To this end, first, a data-driven Lyapunov-based MPC is designed, and shown to be capable of stabilizing a system at an unstable equilibrium point. The data driven Lyapunov-based MPC utilizes a linear time invariant (LTI) model cognizant of the fact that the training data, owing to the unstable nature of the equilibrium point, has to be obtained from closed-loop operation or experiments. Simulation results are first presented demonstrating closed-loop stability under the proposed data-driven Lyapunov-based MPC. The underlying data-driven model is then utilized as the basis to design an economic MPC. Finally, I address the problem of control of nonlinear systems to deliver a prescribed closed-loop behavior. In particular, the framework allows for the practitioner to first specify the nature and specifics of the desired closed-loop behavior (e.g., first order with smallest time constant, second order with no more than a certain percentage overshoot, etc.). An optimization based formulation then computes the control action to deliver the best attainable closed loop behavior. To decouple the problems of determining the best attainable behavior and tracking it as closely as possible, the optimization problem is posed and solved in two tiers. In the first tier, the focus is on determining the best closed-loop behavior attainable, subject to stability and tracking constraints. In the second tier, the inputs are tweaked to possibly improve the tracking of the optimal output trajectories given by the first tier. The effectiveness of all of the proposed methods are illustrated through simulations on nonlinear systems. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
32

Controle preditivo com enfoque em subespaços. / Subspace predictive control.

Fernandez, Erika Maria Francischinelli 27 November 2009 (has links)
Controle preditivo baseado em modelos (MPC) é uma técnica de controle amplamente utilizada na indústria de processos químicos. Por outro lado, o método de identificação em subespaços (SID) tem se mostrado uma alternativa eficiente para os métodos clássicos de identificação de sistemas. Pela combinação dos conceitos de MPC e SID, surgiu, no final da década de 90, uma nova técnica de controle, denominada controle preditivo com enfoque em subespaços (SPC). Essa técnica também é conhecida como controle preditivo orientado a dados. Ela substitui por um único passo as três etapas do projeto de um MPC: a identificação do modelo, o cálculo do observador de estados e a construção das matrizes de predição. Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo revisar estudos feitos na área de SPC, aplicar esse método em sistemas típicos da indústria química e propor novos algoritmos. São desenvolvidos três algoritmos de excitação interna para o método SPC, que permitem gerar dados persistentemente excitantes enquanto um controle mínimo do processo é garantido. Esses algoritmos possibilitam aplicar identificação em malha fechada, na qual o modelo do controlador SPC é reidentificado utilizando dados previamente excitados. Os controladores SPC e SPC com excitação interna são testados e comparados ao MPC por meio de simulações em dois processos distintos. O primeiro consiste em uma coluna debutanizadora de uma unidade de destilação, para a qual são disponibilizados dois modelos lineares referentes a pontos de operação diferentes. O segundo é um reator de polimerização de estireno com dinâmica não linear, cujo modelo fenomenológico é conhecido. Os resultados dos testes indicam que o SPC é mais suscetível a ruídos de medição. Entretanto, verifica-se que esse controlador corrige perturbações nos set-points das variáveis controladas mais rapidamente que o MPC. Simulações realizadas para o SPC com excitação interna mostram que os algoritmos propostos neste trabalho excitam o sistema satisfatoriamente, de modo que modelos mais precisos são obtidos na reidentificação com os dados excitados. / Model Predictive Control (MPC) technology is widely used in chemical process industries. Subspace identification (SID) on the other hand has proven to be an efficient alternative for classical system identification methods. Based on the results from MPC and SID, it was developed in the late 90s a new control approach, called Subspace Predictive Control (SPC). This approach is also known as data-driven predictive control. In this new method, one single operation replaces the three steps in a MPC controller design: system identification, the state observer design and the predictor matrices construction. The aim of this work is to review studies in the field of SPC, to apply this technology to typical systems of chemical industry and to propose new algorithms. It is developed three internal excitation algorithms for the SPC method, which allow the system to be persistently excited while a minimal control of the process is still guaranteed. These algorithms enable the application of closedloop identification, where the SPC controller model is re-identified using the previously excited data. The SPC controller and the SPC controller with internal excitation are tested through simulation for two different processes. The first one is a debutanizer column of a distillation unit for which two linear models corresponding to two different operating points are available. The second one is a non-linear system consisting of a styrene polymerization reactor. A phenomenological model is provided for this system. Tests results indicate that SPC is more susceptible to measurement noises. However, it is noticed that SPC controller corrects perturbations on set-points faster than MPC. Simulations for the SPC with internal excitation show that the proposed algorithms sufficiently excite the system, in the sense that more precise models are obtained from the re-identification with excited data.
33

Controle preditivo com enfoque em subespaços. / Subspace predictive control.

Erika Maria Francischinelli Fernandez 27 November 2009 (has links)
Controle preditivo baseado em modelos (MPC) é uma técnica de controle amplamente utilizada na indústria de processos químicos. Por outro lado, o método de identificação em subespaços (SID) tem se mostrado uma alternativa eficiente para os métodos clássicos de identificação de sistemas. Pela combinação dos conceitos de MPC e SID, surgiu, no final da década de 90, uma nova técnica de controle, denominada controle preditivo com enfoque em subespaços (SPC). Essa técnica também é conhecida como controle preditivo orientado a dados. Ela substitui por um único passo as três etapas do projeto de um MPC: a identificação do modelo, o cálculo do observador de estados e a construção das matrizes de predição. Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo revisar estudos feitos na área de SPC, aplicar esse método em sistemas típicos da indústria química e propor novos algoritmos. São desenvolvidos três algoritmos de excitação interna para o método SPC, que permitem gerar dados persistentemente excitantes enquanto um controle mínimo do processo é garantido. Esses algoritmos possibilitam aplicar identificação em malha fechada, na qual o modelo do controlador SPC é reidentificado utilizando dados previamente excitados. Os controladores SPC e SPC com excitação interna são testados e comparados ao MPC por meio de simulações em dois processos distintos. O primeiro consiste em uma coluna debutanizadora de uma unidade de destilação, para a qual são disponibilizados dois modelos lineares referentes a pontos de operação diferentes. O segundo é um reator de polimerização de estireno com dinâmica não linear, cujo modelo fenomenológico é conhecido. Os resultados dos testes indicam que o SPC é mais suscetível a ruídos de medição. Entretanto, verifica-se que esse controlador corrige perturbações nos set-points das variáveis controladas mais rapidamente que o MPC. Simulações realizadas para o SPC com excitação interna mostram que os algoritmos propostos neste trabalho excitam o sistema satisfatoriamente, de modo que modelos mais precisos são obtidos na reidentificação com os dados excitados. / Model Predictive Control (MPC) technology is widely used in chemical process industries. Subspace identification (SID) on the other hand has proven to be an efficient alternative for classical system identification methods. Based on the results from MPC and SID, it was developed in the late 90s a new control approach, called Subspace Predictive Control (SPC). This approach is also known as data-driven predictive control. In this new method, one single operation replaces the three steps in a MPC controller design: system identification, the state observer design and the predictor matrices construction. The aim of this work is to review studies in the field of SPC, to apply this technology to typical systems of chemical industry and to propose new algorithms. It is developed three internal excitation algorithms for the SPC method, which allow the system to be persistently excited while a minimal control of the process is still guaranteed. These algorithms enable the application of closedloop identification, where the SPC controller model is re-identified using the previously excited data. The SPC controller and the SPC controller with internal excitation are tested through simulation for two different processes. The first one is a debutanizer column of a distillation unit for which two linear models corresponding to two different operating points are available. The second one is a non-linear system consisting of a styrene polymerization reactor. A phenomenological model is provided for this system. Tests results indicate that SPC is more susceptible to measurement noises. However, it is noticed that SPC controller corrects perturbations on set-points faster than MPC. Simulations for the SPC with internal excitation show that the proposed algorithms sufficiently excite the system, in the sense that more precise models are obtained from the re-identification with excited data.

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