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As a continued study on combined use of different antibacterial chemistries, N-chloramine and short chain Quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) were immobilized on modified poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surface in various ratios via “click” chemistry. In this study, contribution of surface bound QAC to the conversion of cyclic and acyclic N-H to N-Cl, fastest recharging chlorination as well as the most effective antibacterial efficacy was investigated. Surface bound positive charge at the density of 8.4x1016charges/cm2 achieved highest equilibrium conversion and facilitated a nine-fold increase in conversion of sterically hindered acyclic N-H to N-Cl from 0.39 to 3.92%. Within the range of 2.8x1016 to 8.4x1016charges/cm2, highest active chlorine loading within first five minutes of chlorination was observed on sample loaded with 4.6x1016charges/cm2.As it comes to PET surface grafted with a cyclic N-chloramine precursor, the presence of 2x1016charges/cm2 enabled a five-fold increase in the conversion of cyclic N-H to N-Cl. The highest biocidal efficacy was observed for sample loaded with cyclic N-chloramine/QAC 17.2:10 which presented total kill of E.coli (5.8 log reduction) in 10 minutes compared to 1.9 log reduction for other ratios (22.8/10, 75.5/10) tested at a similar level of active chlorine(223±6ppm respectively). / October 2016

by Tam Wai Yip. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-145). / Acknowledgments --- p.iii / Abstract --- p.iv / List of Symbols --- p.xi / List of Figures --- p.xvii / Chapter 1. --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Brief Review --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Statement of Problem --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Organization --- p.6 / Chapter 2. --- Spherical Circular and Annular Microstrip Antenna / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Vector Legendre Series Formulation --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3 --- Galerkin's Procedure --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4 --- Input Impedance --- p.20 / Chapter 2.5 --- Far Zone Radiation Pattern --- p.20 / Chapter 2.6 --- Radiation Resistance using Electric Surface Current Model --- p.22 / Chapter 2.7 --- Numerical Examples --- p.24 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Input Impedance --- p.25 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Resonance Radiation Resistance --- p.29 / Chapter 2.7.3 --- Far Zone Radiation Pattern --- p.35 / Chapter 2.8 --- Summary --- p.41 / Chapter 3. --- Cylindrical Rectangular Microstrip Antenna with Coplanar Elements / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2 --- Integral Equation Formulation --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3 --- Input Impedance with Coplanar Parasitic Elements --- p.50 / Chapter 3.4 --- Far Zone Radiation Pattern --- p.51 / Chapter 3.5 --- Mutual Coupling between Antennas --- p.52 / Chapter 3.6 --- Numerical Examples --- p.56 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Input Impedance with Coplanar Parasitic Elements --- p.56 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Mutual Coupling between Antennas --- p.76 / Chapter 3.7 --- Summary --- p.85 / Chapter 4. --- Aperture Coupled Rectangular Cylindrical Microstrip Antenna / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2 --- Integral Equation Formulation using Reciprocity Method --- p.89 / Chapter 4.3 --- Input Impedance of a Stripline Feed Aperture Coupled Microstrip Antenna --- p.99 / Chapter 4.4 --- Input Impedance of a Microstrip Line Feed Aperture Coupled Microstrip Antenna --- p.100 / Chapter 4.5 --- Numerical Examples --- p.101 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Stripline Feed Antennas --- p.101 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Microstrip Line Feed Antennas --- p.110 / Chapter 4.6 --- Summary --- p.115 / Chapter 5. --- Green's Functions for a Electric Current on a Dielectric Coated Sphere / Chapter 5.1 --- Expansion of Fields using Spherical Harmonics --- p.116 / Chapter 5.2 --- Green's Functions in Spectral Domain --- p.119 / Chapter 6. --- Green's Functions for a Current on a Dielectric Coated Cylinder / Chapter 6.1 --- Expansion of Fields with Auxiliary Potentials --- p.121 / Chapter 6.2 --- Green's Functions in Spectral Domain --- p.125 / Chapter 7. --- Green's Functions for a Current inside a Triple Layered Cylinder / Chapter 7.1 --- Expansion of Fields with Auxiliary Potentials --- p.129 / Chapter 7.2 --- Green's Functions in Spectral Domain --- p.132 / Chapter 8. --- Conclusions and Recommendations / Chapter 8.1 --- Conclusions --- p.137 / Chapter 8.2 --- Recommendations for Future Research --- p.138 / References --- p.139 / Appendices / Chapter A. --- Vector Legendre Series --- p.146 / Chapter B. --- Surface Current for Spherical Microstrip Antenna --- p.149 / Chapter C. --- Modified Reciprocity Theorem --- p.152 / Chapter D. --- Spherical Bessel Functions and Legendre Functions --- p.154 / Chapter E. --- Approximated Green's functions Gθθ and Gφφ for large n --- p.157 / Chapter F. --- Current Distributions for Cylindrical Rectangular Microstrip Antenna --- p.163 / Chapter G. --- "Evaluation of Zijmn, V1imand V2im" --- p.165 / Chapter H. --- Deformation of Integration of Path --- p.169 / Chapter I. --- Hankel Functions --- p.170 / Chapter J. --- Current Distributions for Aperture Coupled Antenna --- p.172 / Chapter K. --- "Evaluation of ΔV，Ye1, Ye2, Yai , Vi and Zij" --- p.176 / Chapter L. --- Program Listing for stripline Feed Aperture Coupled Microstrip Antenna --- p.178