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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1974. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 217-220).

In order to deal with on-going environmental pressures and uncertainty, organizations have established linkages with other organizations as one strategy to deal with these new challenges (Fenell, Ross & Warnecke, 1987; Oliver, 1990; 1991; Thibault, Frisby & Kikulis, 1997). The establishment of partnerships is viewed by organizations as a new way of operating to control and minimize environmental pressures. The purpose of this study was to identify and understand issues of interorganizational relations between local governments, specifically departments of Parks and Recreation and community organizations providing recreation and sport services. Specifically, reasons for being involved in partnerships as well as advantages and challenges of partnerships were investigated as part of this research. The City of Surrey was selected as the research site for this study on the analysis of interorganizational relationships between its Parks and Recreation department and three community organizations providing recreation services and programs: Surrey Knights Swim Club, Surrey Youth Soccer Association, and Surrey Minor Hockey Association. The City of Surrey was chosen given its large territory, its population growth, its decreasing funds for recreation services, and its limited number of recreation facilities. Through semi-structured interviews with key informants, issues on interorganizational relations were discussed. The main reasons for involvement were described as access to financial and facility resources. With the economic pressures that local governments are facing, the establishment of partnerships represents an appealing option to meet these challenges. Furthermore, the Surrey Parks and Recreation department is linking with community organizations in order to gain credibility within the community. By establishing working partnerships with one another, community organizations and Surrey Parks and Recreation department are able to provide the same level of services to the community, consequently leading to the welfare of the community. The final topic that was discussed during this research was the levels of intensity of the partnerships and its relation to loss of autonomy. Using Oliver's (1990) model, it was found that all levels of intensity were evident at one point or another in the partnerships and that these levels varied according to the environmental context. However, the loss of autonomy, as described by Oliver (1990) did not appear to be a factor influencing the partnerships. This might be due to the fact that all partners were involved in these partnerships for the same goals and purposes and not to compete against each other. Interorganizational relationships were an intricate and important dimension of the organizations studied. It is essential for organizations to better understand issues surrounding partnerships in order to effectively engage in linkages that are beneficial to all partners involved in this process and to the public.

A Family Values discourse emerged at the beginning of the 20t h century when social welfare groups began to see "the family" as a solution to social problems. As the century ' wore on, the concept of the family came to take on a specific meaning of a heterosexual reproductive unit. During the 1950s a growing Christian Right movement began to lobby for the protection and promotion of the family. These Christian Right groups saw the family as a means of saving the country from the evils of communism and sexual perversions. A few issues came to be seen as of particular importance to the welfare of the traditional family. These issues, abortion, education, pornography and gay rights, among others became centerpieces of the 1990s Pro-Family Movement (PFM) platform within the New Christian Right. The purpose of this study is to examine the use of a Family Values discourse in the negotiation of educational policy around queer issues. In order to study the PFM's use of a Family Values discourse, a documentary analysis of documents surrounding the Surrey Book Banning in British Columbia was conducted. The Book Banning began when a number of teachers and members of Gay and Lesbian Educators (GALE) petitioned the provincial teachers union to include fighting heterosexism and homophobia among its committees for social justice. Following this approval of this resolution, the Surrey School Board, known for its P FM connections) banned GALE materials and three Kindergarten-Grade One books that presented same-sex couples. This banning resulted in an extensive legal battle. For this study, media reports and court documents were assembled to present a comprehensive history of the Book Banning case and its relationship to current gay rights activism and P FM organizations. An argument analysis of the affidavits from the case was also conducted to illustrate the specific Family Values arguments that the Surrey School Board employed. For this analysis, affidavits were divided by author and analyzed for argument content using a standardized argument format. Premise statements within affidavits were pulled out and coded according to common themes. The five argument themes that were explicated were Sexuality in the Home, Age Inappropriate, Favoring Homosexuals, Homosexuality is Immoral, and Unnecessary Resource.

The Mud Bay, British Columbia study site is located on eastern shores of Mud Bay, south of the Serpentine River, west of the King George & 99 highways, and north of the Nicomekl River in the Vancouver suburb of Surrey. The site consists of approximately 400 hectares of land. The site is bordered by a growing community on Panama Ridge to the north and Crescent Beach to the south who are exploring the study area. The site is also a rich biologically productive area that lies on the Pacific Flyway route for migratory birds. With the increasing population and the rich ecological significance of the site, it seems natural to explore the possibilities for a greenway on the site. This is further proven when looking at a map. One notices that Mud Bay sits as a greenway gap in Boundary Bay. To the east is the Boundary Bay Park Network, and to the south is Crescent Beach. If Mud Bay were to become a greenway, then one could potentially follow the Boundary Bay shore and walk from Blaine to Point Roberts USA and would form part of a border to border trail. Currently, when one reaches Mud Bay, one must leave the shore and travel far inland to regain the waterside trail. A Mud Bay greenway would fill in the gap for a greenway corridor along Boundary Bay. A Mud Bay greenway would also fill in the gap that the Serpentine Fen Nature Reserve has with Mud Bay. Currently, the Serpentine Fen Nature Reserve is separated from the Bay. With the creation of a Mud Bay greenway that is designed for the sensitive habitat, Serpentine Fen would be better connected with the bay and it would help maintain the site as important feeding and resting ground along the Pacific Flyway. These are the issues and factors that were considered in the project. The project developed a greenway that is sensitive to wildlife while allowing for recreation to take place within it. The greenway design is structured so that it can be implemented over a period of time to form the final design.

The Mud Bay, British Columbia study site is located on eastern shores of Mud Bay, south of the Serpentine River, west of the King George & 99 highways, and north of the Nicomekl River in the Vancouver suburb of Surrey. The site consists of approximately 400 hectares of land. The site is bordered by a growing community on Panama Ridge to the north and Crescent Beach to the south who are exploring the study area. The site is also a rich biologically productive area that lies on the Pacific Flyway route for migratory birds. With the increasing population and the rich ecological significance of the site, it seems natural to explore the possibilities for a greenway on the site. This is further proven when looking at a map. One notices that Mud Bay sits as a greenway gap in Boundary Bay. To the east is the Boundary Bay Park Network, and to the south is Crescent Beach. If Mud Bay were to become a greenway, then one could potentially follow the Boundary Bay shore and walk from Blaine to Point Roberts USA and would form part of a border to border trail. Currently, when one reaches Mud Bay, one must leave the shore and travel far inland to regain the waterside trail. A Mud Bay greenway would fill in the gap for a greenway corridor along Boundary Bay. A Mud Bay greenway would also fill in the gap that the Serpentine Fen Nature Reserve has with Mud Bay. Currently, the Serpentine Fen Nature Reserve is separated from the Bay. With the creation of a Mud Bay greenway that is designed for the sensitive habitat, Serpentine Fen would be better connected with the bay and it would help maintain the site as important feeding and resting ground along the Pacific Flyway. These are the issues and factors that were considered in the project. The project developed a greenway that is sensitive to wildlife while allowing for recreation to take place within it. The greenway design is structured so that it can be implemented over a period of time to form the final design. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate

In order to deal with on-going environmental pressures and uncertainty, organizations have established linkages with other organizations as one strategy to deal with these new challenges (Fenell, Ross & Warnecke, 1987; Oliver, 1990; 1991; Thibault, Frisby & Kikulis, 1997). The establishment of partnerships is viewed by organizations as a new way of operating to control and minimize environmental pressures. The purpose of this study was to identify and understand issues of interorganizational relations between local governments, specifically departments of Parks and Recreation and community organizations providing recreation and sport services. Specifically, reasons for being involved in partnerships as well as advantages and challenges of partnerships were investigated as part of this research. The City of Surrey was selected as the research site for this study on the analysis of interorganizational relationships between its Parks and Recreation department and three community organizations providing recreation services and programs: Surrey Knights Swim Club, Surrey Youth Soccer Association, and Surrey Minor Hockey Association. The City of Surrey was chosen given its large territory, its population growth, its decreasing funds for recreation services, and its limited number of recreation facilities. Through semi-structured interviews with key informants, issues on interorganizational relations were discussed. The main reasons for involvement were described as access to financial and facility resources. With the economic pressures that local governments are facing, the establishment of partnerships represents an appealing option to meet these challenges. Furthermore, the Surrey Parks and Recreation department is linking with community organizations in order to gain credibility within the community. By establishing working partnerships with one another, community organizations and Surrey Parks and Recreation department are able to provide the same level of services to the community, consequently leading to the welfare of the community. The final topic that was discussed during this research was the levels of intensity of the partnerships and its relation to loss of autonomy. Using Oliver's (1990) model, it was found that all levels of intensity were evident at one point or another in the partnerships and that these levels varied according to the environmental context. However, the loss of autonomy, as described by Oliver (1990) did not appear to be a factor influencing the partnerships. This might be due to the fact that all partners were involved in these partnerships for the same goals and purposes and not to compete against each other. Interorganizational relationships were an intricate and important dimension of the organizations studied. It is essential for organizations to better understand issues surrounding partnerships in order to effectively engage in linkages that are beneficial to all partners involved in this process and to the public. / Education, Faculty of / Kinesiology, School of / Graduate

A Family Values discourse emerged at the beginning of the 20t h century when social welfare groups began to see "the family" as a solution to social problems. As the century ' wore on, the concept of the family came to take on a specific meaning of a heterosexual reproductive unit. During the 1950s a growing Christian Right movement began to lobby for the protection and promotion of the family. These Christian Right groups saw the family as a means of saving the country from the evils of communism and sexual perversions. A few issues came to be seen as of particular importance to the welfare of the traditional family. These issues, abortion, education, pornography and gay rights, among others became centerpieces of the 1990s Pro-Family Movement (PFM) platform within the New Christian Right. The purpose of this study is to examine the use of a Family Values discourse in the negotiation of educational policy around queer issues. In order to study the PFM's use of a Family Values discourse, a documentary analysis of documents surrounding the Surrey Book Banning in British Columbia was conducted. The Book Banning began when a number of teachers and members of Gay and Lesbian Educators (GALE) petitioned the provincial teachers union to include fighting heterosexism and homophobia among its committees for social justice. Following this approval of this resolution, the Surrey School Board, known for its P FM connections) banned GALE materials and three Kindergarten-Grade One books that presented same-sex couples. This banning resulted in an extensive legal battle. For this study, media reports and court documents were assembled to present a comprehensive history of the Book Banning case and its relationship to current gay rights activism and P FM organizations. An argument analysis of the affidavits from the case was also conducted to illustrate the specific Family Values arguments that the Surrey School Board employed. For this analysis, affidavits were divided by author and analyzed for argument content using a standardized argument format. Premise statements within affidavits were pulled out and coded according to common themes. The five argument themes that were explicated were Sexuality in the Home, Age Inappropriate, Favoring Homosexuals, Homosexuality is Immoral, and Unnecessary Resource. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate

The overall goal of this thesis project was to explore principles of sustainable development through planning and design. A 60-hectare site was chosen in Surrey, where two different community plans were designed based on the proposed Clayton general land use plan. The first community plan was based on typical or status quo development principles. The second community plan was based on alternative or sustainable principles of development as described in the East Clayton Neighbourhood Concept Plan. These two plans were then compared using nine different economic, ecological and social parameters. Further detailed design was then done for two areas on the alternative community plan; Stormwater Park, an integrated park and school site, and the Community Garden. Typical residential and commercial streets were also illustrated in detail.

The overall goal of this thesis project was to explore principles of sustainable development through planning and design. A 60-hectare site was chosen in Surrey, where two different community plans were designed based on the proposed Clayton general land use plan. The first community plan was based on typical or status quo development principles. The second community plan was based on alternative or sustainable principles of development as described in the East Clayton Neighbourhood Concept Plan. These two plans were then compared using nine different economic, ecological and social parameters. Further detailed design was then done for two areas on the alternative community plan; Stormwater Park, an integrated park and school site, and the Community Garden. Typical residential and commercial streets were also illustrated in detail. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate