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La importación de papel y el efecto de las políticas de desarrollo sostenible aplicados en el Perú / The importation of paper and the effect of sustainable development policies applied in PeruCárdenas De la Cruz, Christian Edgardo, Salazar Manuyama, Fiorella Marcia 04 July 2019 (has links)
La presente investigación tiene como finalidad estudiar si los efectos de la importación de papel y cartón en el Perú puede estar influenciada por la promoción de políticas de desarrollo sostenible en el mismo sentido que se aplican en Colombia, en particular con respecto a las medidas de protección al medio ambiente, tales como la reducción del uso, la reutilización y el reciclaje.
La investigación contiene cinco puntos, el primer capítulo presenta el marco teórico que explica acerca del desarrollo sostenible, cuáles son los modelos aplicados en Colombia y Perú, los inicios de la industria en Perú, procesos de producción e importación, la tecnología y su impacto en la industria peruana, comportamiento de la industria de papel a nivel internacional, avances que ha tenido el Perú en temas medioambientes, políticas eco amigables aplicadas en los últimos cinco años y certificaciones manejadas dentro del sector.
En el segundo capítulo se plantea la metodología de investigación, donde se exponen el problema de investigación, los objetivos, las hipótesis, el diseño metodológico, los actores a entrevistar y las variables planteadas para la elaboración de nuestra investigación.
En el tercer capítulo, se muestra la información recabada de las entrevistas realizadas a los actores. En el cuarto capítulo, se realiza un análisis de los hallazgos encontrados luego de procesar la información. Además, se explican las dificultades de la investigación y brecha de la información presentada en el estudio. Finalmente, en el quinto capítulo se presenta las conclusiones y recomendaciones de la investigación. / The purpose of this research is to study whether the effects of the import of paper and cardboard in Peru may be influenced by the promotion of sustainable development policies in the same sense as those applied in Colombia, in particular with regard to protection measures to the environment, such as reducing use, reuse and recycling.
The research contains five points, the first chapter presents the theoretical framework that explains about sustainable development, what are the models applied in Colombia and Peru, the beginnings of the industry in Peru, production and import processes, technology and its impact on Peruvian industry, behavior of the paper industry at international level, advances that Peru has had in environmental issues, eco-friendly policies applied in the last five years and certifications managed within the sector.
In the second chapter the research methodology is presented, where the research problem, the objectives, the hypotheses, the methodological design, the actors to be interviewed and the variables proposed for the elaboration of our research are exposed.
In the third chapter, the information collected from the interviews with the actors is shown. In the fourth chapter, an analysis of the findings found after processing the information is performed. In addition, the difficulties of the investigation and the information gap presented in the study are explained. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations of the research are presented in the fifth chapter. / Tesis
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Disclosing the definition on the upcycling concept : An exploratory study investigating the concept of upcycling and standardisation and its role on the path towards a circular textile industryLindeberg, Sara January 2020 (has links)
The ’upcycling’ term and concept have gained interest as a new strategy of implementing circularity within businesses, however the concept have not yet been defined, resulting in a somewhat divided perception of what it entails and what activities it includes. This misunderstanding may hinder the circular economy development. However, Standards have been discussed to add structure to the industry, concerning sustainable standards, they have been argued necessary in order to reach levels of necessary change. Thus, this study aims to explore what upcycling is, how such terminology is defined and standardized, furthermore how this might be a way to come closer to a circular textile industry. Together with a review of earlier research on standards, policies and around change in institutions, an in-depth literature review was conducted to depict the definitions on upcycling within different fields. Additionally, interviews were conducted with companies and ‘experts’ within the textile and fashion industry, investigating the industry’s perception on ‘upcycling’ along with standardization of such circular terminology. Findings of the study confirmed standards are an important way to reach a level of agreement enabling for a circular change. However, it existed split opinions on the definition of ‘upcycling’ and what activities that are in fact upcycling. Nonetheless most of the reviewed articles as well as respondents both amongst the companies as well as the ‘experts’ argued that it essentially means keeping value or adding value, financially and or value as material quality. However, concerning the activities and what the value adding activities are, it seems to depend in what state the discarded material or product are in. Hence it is important to evaluate before ‘upcycling’, making the process of upcycling more efficient, regarding material optimization, also financially more desirable, a win win. The thesis argues to provide with knowledge regarding the ‘upcycling’ concept, as well on the importance of agreed definitions through standards, how they are developed and how it encourages institutional change.
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