The two-document hypothesis (involving the claim that Mark is a source for Matthew and Luke) has long been regarded by the majority of New Testament scholars as firmly established. Recently its status has been challenged by proponents of the Griesbach hypothesis (by which Matthew is a source for Luke and Mark). Since much gospel research depends on the validity of the two-document hypothesis, resolution is urgently needed. In 1863 Heinrich Julius Holtzmann argued that an examination of the Old Testament quotations in these three gospels would favour the two-document position. His argument depends on the existence of two groups of quotations in Matthew: those of Septuagintal text-type which Matthew copied from Mark, and those similar to the Hebrew, which Matthew preferred when on his own. My research indicates that these two groups cannot be clearly demarcated. Some quotations peculiar to Matthew are Septuagintal, and on only four occasions do Matthew and Mark both quote the Septuagint verbatim. Because grouping quotations by text-type proved inconclusive, a second method was used. A detailed comparison was made of the text of quotations which occur in more than one gospel. Then each of the two major positions in turn was assumed, to determine which would best explain the texts of the gospels for each quotation. The twodocument position had a decided edge (in those cases where a decision was possible). In addition to helping to confirm the two-document hypothesis, this research resulted in two significant observations. First, Matthew follows his sources with great care. Second, even when quoting the Old Testament on his own, Matthew seems to rely for the most part on some form of the Septuagint. In combination, these two observations suggest that Matthew may have used ·a form of the Septuagint which in places was assimilated toward the Hebrew. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Many people around the world are impacted by some form of bodily pain. Outside factors are thought to help trigger pain, especially in those who have pain-related conditions. When it comes to human health and comfort, understanding the potential external factors that aide in triggering pain is essential. Identifying such factors makes prevention and treatment of pain more feasible. The first part of this study identified how those who suffer from various pain-related conditions (fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and general back pain) are impacted by different air mass types. Air mass types and emergency department (ED) visits for pain in select North Carolina counties were collected over a seven-year period to determine a potential relationship. Bootstrapping analyses revealed that Moist Tropical air masses resulted in the highest number of ED visits for all pain conditions examined, while Moist Polar air masses resulted in the fewest. The barometric pressure changes associated with Transitional air masses did not have any significant relationships with pain. The second part of this study sought to determine if regional geographic characteristics impact the relationships found in first part of this study. North Carolina was separated into three geographic sections: Appalachian Mountains, Piedmont Plateau, and Coastal Plain. In the Plateau region, Moist Tropical and Moist Moderate air masses were frequently associated with the highest rates of ED visits for all the conditions examined, while Polar air masses were often associated with the fewest visits. Several conditions exhibited similar relationships with these air mass types in the Mountains, with migraine and fibromyalgia being the exceptions. Very few statistically significant relationships were found in the Coastal region. The last part of this study utilized a survey to identify impacts of weather-based migraine/pain forecasts on human behavior. When provided with different scenarios involving weather-based migraine/pain forecasts, the respondents' decision-making processes were altered. When a hypothetical forecast indicated that the weather was conducive to migraines or other types of pain, many respondents indicated that they would likely take preventative measures (e.g. medication). Additionally, as forecast severity or activity length increased, respondents were less likely to continue with a planned activity.

No description available.

This thesis investigates how magnetographic data may be used to study the longterm behaviour of the magnetic field distribution across the surface of the sun.

This thesis investigates how magnetographic data may be used to study the longterm behaviour of the magnetic field distribution across the surface of the sun.

Tropospheric ozone plays an important role in the atmosphere especially towards climate change and air quality. In this study, characteristics of tropospheric ozone over the South African Highveld are investigated using the ozonesonde data collected at Irene weather station (25.9°S, 28.2°E, and 1523 m asl) for the period 1990 to 1993 and 1999 to 2003. It was found that synoptic systems have an effect on the vertical distribution of tropospheric ozone. Ozone stratification appeared during anticyclonic conditions as displayed by a continental high ozone profile. During the ridging high, low ozone concentrations are observed with a strong ozone gradient between 10 and 12 km. Ozone enhancement appeared in the lower altitudes, <4 km, in both the ridging high and the westerly disturbance ozone profiles. Ozone profiles exhibited higher ozone concentrations during the westerly wave conditions. Tropospheric ozone over the South African Highveld region follows a clear annual cycle with lower ozone concentrations observed during autumn and higher ozone concentrations during spring. Summer ozone profiles had high ozone concentrations from the earth’s surface up to 9 km compared to winter ozone profiles. However, winter ozone profiles exhibited higher ozone concentrations than summer ozone profiles and they were characterised by a strong ozone gradient at 12 km. Ozone profiles obtained during the Southern African Fire-Atmosphere Research Initiative conducted in 1992 (SAFARI-92) displayed lower ozone concentrations than ozone profiles from the Southern African Regional Science Initiative conducted during 2000 (SAFARI- 2000). Therefore, it is apparent tropospheric ozone over the South African Highveld has increased over the past decade.

Seasonal ice cover off Canada's east coast was examined in relation to synoptic scale atmospheric events. Ice concentration information derived from Nimbus-7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer (SMMR) measurements of surface brightness temperatures, supplemented by AES composite ice charts, provided timely coverage of the study area during the 1971/72, 1980/81 and 1984/85 ice seasons, 1971/72 and 1984/85 seasons with high ice concentrations and 1980/81 a season with low concentrations. / Atmospheric variability was monitored using the 850 hPa height at three upper air stations along the western edge of the study region. Additional information was drawn from storm track records, providing an indication of surface variability. Properties of specific storm events were obtained from the storm track data, permitting evaluation of the ice response to passing synoptic disturbances. / Results of this investigation indicate that, (1) passive microwave-derived ice information can be used to monitor high frequency variability in the marginal ice, (2) despite short time series, spectral relationships between ice concentration variability and 850 hPa pressure height indicate a strong association between the two at synoptic frequencies zone, and (3) variability in ice cover extent and concentration can be related to the passage of individual synoptic events.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2005. / Thesis submitted to the Division of Arts. English and Greek text. CD-ROM contains the colour-coded Greek texts in PDF format. Bibliography: p. 297-310.

Thesis (M.Sc.). / Written for the Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2008/01/15). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on June 10, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.