The thesis deals with the topic of complexity of current IT. As a result, the consolidation of servers using virtualization is the answer to permanently growing complexity of server infrastructure. The thesis summarizes the basic aspects of this issue, compares the contributions and tries to analyze problems which can emerge. Further, it points a way of consolidation journey, compares different types of virtualization and elaborates the contributions of virtualization for corporate IS/ICT and its flexibility of solution. It analyzes present state of the market with virtualization tools, describes and compares some products of the market key players and analyzes the new opportunities for virtualization, e. g. the virtual desktop infrastructure. At the end, it suggests an approach for consolidated project solution in practice and tries to show some basic steps which should not be omitted. Besides the complex view to the topic, the thesis also presents the contributions, risks and questions to be raised and, at least partly, answers these questions.

Les travaux présentés contribuent à un des enjeux majeurs de l'Entreprise Etendue liée au domaine de la production d'énergie électrique. L'objectif est de maintenir en dynamique la qualité des services rendus par les processus de production. Ces travaux ont ainsi pour objet, en se référant au cadre de modélisation d'Entreprise GERAM, de proposer une méthodologie réutilisable pour l'automatisation intégrée des centrales hydroélectriques. Ces dernières étant structurellement des systèmes stables, cette méthodologie est basée sur une approche orientée processus et aboutit au développement de modèles pérennes et réutilisables. Le point central de cette méthodologie consiste en la définition d'un modèle de référence ICMMS (Intelligent Control-Maintenance-technical Management Systems) formalisant la connaissance générique, de niveau terrain, applicable à l'automatisation de toute centrale hydroélectrique. La mise en œuvre de ce modèle de référence conduit à la proposition d'une architecture HSAS (Hybrid Smart Automation System) qui intègre en un tout cohérent sur les points de vue Contrôle, Maintenance et Gestion Technique, les différents composants d'automatisation distribués, supportés par des actionneurs, capteurs, ou contrôleurs conventionnels de niveau terrain. Par rapport à cette architecture, les concepts innovants de "Surveillance Conditionnelle" pour l'îlot Maintenance et d' "Atténuation de Perturbations" pour l'îlot Contrôle sont définis et étudiés afin d'être intégrés au système ICMMS. De plus, nous proposons, pour la Gestion Technique, des concepts, critères et outils pour l'évaluation de performances des HGUs (Hydroelectric Generating Units). Cette contribution est basée sur la définition d'un système d'évaluation des performances économiques utilisant des descripteurs quantitatifs mesurant l'état d'efficacité, le niveau de gestion de l'exploitation et l'état de maintenance de ces unités. Une nouvelle stratégie en lien avec la maintenance, intitulée EBM (Economic performance Based Maintenance), est ainsi formalisée. L'ensemble de nos propositions est validée sur une étude de cas.

Modern surgery of the 21st century relies in many aspects on computers or, in a wider sense, digital data processing. Department administration, OR scheduling, billing, and - with increasing pervasion - patient data management are performed with the aid of so called Surgical Information Systems (SIS) or, more general, Hospital Information Systems (HIS). Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS) summarizes techniques which assist a surgeon in the preparation and conduction of surgical interventions. Today still predominantly based on radiology images, these techniques include the preoperative determination of an optimal surgical strategy and intraoperative systems which aim at increasing the accuracy of surgical manipulations. CAS is a relatively young field of computer science. One of the unsolved "teething troubles" of CAS is the absence of technical standards for the interconnectivity of CAS system. Current CAS systems are usually "islands of information" with no connection to other devices within the operating room or hospital-wide information systems. Several workshop reports and individual publications point out that this situation leads to ergonomic, logistic, and economic limitations in hospital work. Perioperative processes are prolonged by the manual installation and configuration of an increasing amount of technical devices. Intraoperatively, a large amount of the surgeons' attention is absorbed by the requirement to monitor and operate systems. The need for open infrastructures which enable the integration of CAS devices from different vendors in order to exchange information as well as commands among these devices through a network has been identified by numerous experts with backgrounds in medicine as well as engineering. This thesis contains two approaches to the integration of CAS systems: - For perioperative data exchange, the specification of new data structures as an amendment to the existing DICOM standard for radiology image management is presented. The extension of DICOM towards surgical application allows for the seamless integration of surgical planning and reporting systems into DICOM-based Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) as they are installed in most hospitals for the exchange and long-term archival of patient images and image-related patient data. - For the integration of intraoperatively used CAS devices, such as, e.g., navigation systems, video image sources, or biosensors, the concept of a surgical middleware is presented. A c++ class library, the TiCoLi, is presented which facilitates the configuration of ad-hoc networks among the modules of a distributed CAS system as well as the exchange of data streams, singular data objects, and commands between these modules. The TiCoLi is the first software library for a surgical field of application to implement all of these services. To demonstrate the suitability of the presented specifications and their implementation, two modular CAS applications are presented which utilize the proposed DICOM extensions for perioperative exchange of surgical planning data as well as the TiCoLi for establishing an intraoperative network of autonomous, yet not independent, CAS modules. / Die moderne Hochleistungschirurgie des 21. Jahrhunderts ist auf vielerlei Weise abhängig von Computern oder, im weiteren Sinne, der digitalen Datenverarbeitung. Administrative Abläufe, wie die Erstellung von Nutzungsplänen für die verfügbaren technischen, räumlichen und personellen Ressourcen, die Rechnungsstellung und - in zunehmendem Maße - die Verwaltung und Archivierung von Patientendaten werden mit Hilfe von digitalen Informationssystemen rationell und effizient durchgeführt. Innerhalb der Krankenhausinformationssysteme (KIS, oder englisch HIS) stehen für die speziellen Bedürfnisse der einzelnen Fachabteilungen oft spezifische Informationssysteme zur Verfügung. Chirurgieinformationssysteme (CIS, oder englisch SIS) decken hierbei vor allen Dingen die Bereiche Operationsplanung sowie Materialwirtschaft für spezifisch chirurgische Verbrauchsmaterialien ab. Während die genannten HIS und SIS vornehmlich der Optimierung administrativer Aufgaben dienen, stehen die Systeme der Computerassistierten Chirugie (CAS) wesentlich direkter im Dienste der eigentlichen chirugischen Behandlungsplanung und Therapie. Die CAS verwendet Methoden der Robotik, digitalen Bild- und Signalverarbeitung, künstlichen Intelligenz, numerischen Simulation, um nur einige zu nennen, zur patientenspezifischen Behandlungsplanung und zur intraoperativen Unterstützung des OP-Teams, allen voran des Chirurgen. Vor allen Dingen Fortschritte in der räumlichen Verfolgung von Werkzeugen und Patienten ("Tracking"), die Verfügbarkeit dreidimensionaler radiologischer Aufnahmen (CT, MRT, ...) und der Einsatz verschiedener Robotersysteme haben in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten den Einzug des Computers in den Operationssaal - medienwirksam - ermöglicht. Weniger prominent, jedoch keinesfalls von untergeordnetem praktischen Nutzen, sind Beispiele zur automatisierten Überwachung klinischer Messwerte, wie etwa Blutdruck oder Sauerstoffsättigung. Im Gegensatz zu den meist hochgradig verteilten und gut miteinander verwobenen Informationssystemen für die Krankenhausadministration und Patientendatenverwaltung, sind die Systeme der CAS heutzutage meist wenig oder überhaupt nicht miteinander und mit Hintergrundsdatenspeichern vernetzt. Eine Reihe wissenschaftlicher Publikationen und interdisziplinärer Workshops hat sich in den vergangen ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten mit den Problemen des Alltagseinsatzes von CAS Systemen befasst. Mit steigender Intensität wurde hierbei auf den Mangel an infrastrukturiellen Grundlagen für die Vernetzung intraoperativ eingesetzter CAS Systeme miteinander und mit den perioperativ eingesetzten Planungs-, Dokumentations- und Archivierungssystemen hingewiesen. Die sich daraus ergebenden negativen Einflüsse auf die Effizienz perioperativer Abläufe - jedes Gerät muss manuell in Betrieb genommen und mit den spezifischen Daten des nächsten Patienten gefüttert werden - sowie die zunehmende Aufmerksamkeit, welche der Operateur und sein Team auf die Überwachung und dem Betrieb der einzelnen Geräte verwenden muss, werden als eine der "Kinderkrankheiten" dieser relativ jungen Technologie betrachtet und stehen einer Verbreitung über die Grenzen einer engagierten technophilen Nutzergruppe hinaus im Wege. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt zwei parallel von einander (jedoch, im Sinne der Schnittstellenkompatibilität, nicht gänzlich unabhängig voneinander) zu betreibende Ansätze zur Integration von CAS Systemen. - Für den perioperativen Datenaustausch wird die Spezifikation zusätzlicher Datenstrukturen zum Transfer chirurgischer Planungsdaten im Rahmen des in radiologischen Bildverarbeitungssystemen weit verbreiteten DICOM Standards vorgeschlagen und an zwei Beispielen vorgeführt. Die Erweiterung des DICOM Standards für den perioperativen Einsatz ermöglicht hierbei die nahtlose Integration chirurgischer Planungssysteme in existierende "Picture Archiving and Communication Systems" (PACS), welche in den meisten Fällen auf dem DICOM Standard basieren oder zumindest damit kompatibel sind. Dadurch ist einerseits der Tatsache Rechnung getragen, dass die patientenspezifische OP-Planung in hohem Masse auf radiologischen Bildern basiert und andererseits sicher gestellt, dass die Planungsergebnisse entsprechend der geltenden Bestimmungen langfristig archiviert und gegen unbefugten Zugriff geschützt sind - PACS Server liefern hier bereits wohlerprobte Lösungen. - Für die integration intraoperativer CAS Systeme, wie etwa Navigationssysteme, Videobildquellen oder Sensoren zur Überwachung der Vitalparameter, wird das Konzept einer "chirurgischen Middleware" vorgestellt. Unter dem Namen TiCoLi wurde eine c++ Klassenbibliothek entwickelt, auf deren Grundlage die Konfiguration von ad-hoc Netzwerken während der OP-Vorbereitung mittels plug-and-play Mechanismen erleichtert wird. Nach erfolgter Konfiguration ermöglicht die TiCoLi den Austausch kontinuierlicher Datenströme sowie einzelner Datenpakete und Kommandos zwischen den Modulen einer verteilten CAS Anwendung durch ein Ethernet-basiertes Netzwerk. Die TiCoLi ist die erste frei verfügbare Klassenbibliothek welche diese Funktionalitäten dediziert für einen Einsatz im chirurgischen Umfeld vereinigt. Zum Nachweis der Tauglichkeit der gezeigten Spezifikationen und deren Implementierungen, werden zwei modulare CAS Anwendungen präsentiert, welche die vorgeschlagenen DICOM Erweiterungen zum perioperativen Austausch von Planungsergebnissen sowie die TiCoLi zum intraoperativen Datenaustausch von Messdaten unter echzeitnahen Anforderungen verwenden.

Biomass-based reducing agents have a potential to substitute fossil reducing agents in the steel industry. However, the industrial use of biomass-based reducing agents is currently in an early stage of development and has not yet been considered as a means to reduce fossil CO2 emissions, even though the use of fossil-based reducing agents for the iron and steel making cause the highest share of CO2 emissions. This master thesis presents a techno-economic analysis of a 10 MW biochar production plant integrated with sponge iron production in Höganäs. In this study, a steady-state process model was developed, where state-of-the-art research and development in biochar production for increased biochar yield was applied and adapted, using the principle of bio-oil recycle. The developed process model was used to evaluate the biochar production plant, in terms of conversion efficiency, production costs and CO2 emissions, for different process configurations. The results show that bio-oil recycle with 20 wt.% bio-oil increases the energy yield of biochar with 14%. However, it was found that bio-oil recycle increases the required heat input of pyrolysis which led to reduced plant efficiency with 4%-units and increased biochar production costs of 500-1000 SEK/ton biochar. It was found that system integration with Höganäs can reduce the production cost of biochar from over 5000 SEK/ton to under 2000 SEK/ton, where the most significant integration aspect was flue gas integration. The sensitivity analysis showed that the cost of biomass feedstock and total capital investment were the most sensitive input parameters. It was found that system integration with Höganäs was essential to achieve production costs of biochar below the price of fossil reducing agents. It was also found that co-produced bio-oil becomes a main product, essential for the economic performance of the biochar plant, even though the intended main product was the biochar.

Submitted by Maria Suzana Diniz (msuzanad@hotmail.com) on 2015-11-24T11:42:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2538332 bytes, checksum: fcf66c0847287d7ca4b08e32fbff527a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-24T11:42:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2538332 bytes, checksum: fcf66c0847287d7ca4b08e32fbff527a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Introduction: The different circumstances and health care complexities created by the HIV virus require specific approaches on the processes of production and management of care, carefully considering both the traits and demands of patients and families affected by the infection and the establishment of an integrated network of health services that provide a continuous and coordinated care. Objectives: To analyze specialized ambulatory coordination of the of HIV patient care through the lens of action offer and integration of health services. Method: Epidemiological research, transversal and interviews, involving 150 adults carrying the AIDS virus, users of the reference specialized ambulatory of the state of Paraíba, Brazil. The data was collected between July 2011 e July 2012, through interviews and chart lookup, using a structured questionnaire. It was then submitted to a statistical inference analysis through Statsoft’s Statistica 9.0 software, applying frequency measurement calculations, analysis of simple and multiple correspondence, analysis of robust variance and t-tests, calculations of average, standard deviation and trust intervals to 95% of satisfaction percentages related to the variables of offer and integration, logistical regression model, both simple and multiple linear regression models for influence analysis between risk, offer and integration. Results: The sociodemographic and clinic profiles are similar to the national scene, with a great expression of the “pardo” ethnicity on the studied population and good clinical indicator during the survey. We observed that 45.3% of the participants were included on the high risk category; there was a significant association of the composing variables to determine the risk score; the high influence of T CD4+ lymphocytes and undetectable viral charge for the assignment of the ‘no risk’ category; the presence of opportunistic diseases and clinical manifestations for the stratification of the risk group, and significant differences of medium risk according to the subjects’ job situation, economic class and skin color. The offer and integration were evaluated as regular, its main weaknesses the attention to psychosocial needs, the intersectional approach and information management. These factors and the high value indicators indicate a purely biological approach to health care. Among the subjects that presented unsatisfactory values to these components, most were in the high risk category. Conclusion: The weaknesses identified in offer and integration endanger the ambulatory’s performance inside the network for coordinated care. They also demand confrontational measures on both the micro and macro organizational levels for qualification of care directed to the needs of patients living with HIV/AIDS. / Introdução: A variabilidade da natureza e complexidade das necessidades de atenção à saúde geradas pelo HIV/aids requerem abordagens no processo de produção e gestão do cuidado que considerem as características e demandas das pessoas e famílias afetadas pela infecção/adoecimento, bem como a constituição/consolidação de uma rede integrada de serviços de saúde que assegurem um cuidado contínuo e coordenado. Objetivos: Analisar a coordenação do cuidado às pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids assistidas em ambulatório especializado a partir da oferta e integração das ações e dos serviços de saúde. Método: Pesquisa epidemiológica, transversal do tipo inquérito, que envolveu 150 adultos vivendo com aids, usuários do ambulatório especializado de referência estadual da Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados entre julho de 2011 e julho de 2012, por meio de entrevistas e consulta ao prontuário, utilizando-se um questionário estruturado. Posteriormente, as informações foram submetidas a tratamento estatístico descritivo e inferencial, através do software Statistica 9.0 da Statsoft, aplicando-se cálculos de medida de frequência; análise de correspondência simples e múltipla; análise de variância robusta e teste-t; cálculo de mediana, média, desvio padrão e intervalo de confiança a 95% dos percentuais de satisfação em relação às variáveis da oferta e da integração; modelo de regressão logística; modelo de regressão linear simples e múltipla para análise de influências entre risco, oferta e integração. Resultados: Os perfis sociodemográfico e clínico são congêneres ao panorama nacional, com forte expressão da raça parda na população estudada e bons indicadores clínicos no momento da entrevista. Observou-se que 45,3% dos participantes foram incluídos no estrato de risco clínico alto; houve associação significativa das variáveis componentes para a determinação do escore de risco clínico; influência de linfócitos T CD4+ alto e carga viral indetectável para a categorização no grupo sem risco clínico; presença de doenças oportunistas e de manifestações clínicas para a estratificação no grupo de risco clínico, e diferenças significativas do risco clínico médio segundo situação empregatícia, classe econômica e cor. A oferta e a integração foram avaliadas como regulares, os indicadores melhor avaliados reforçam uma visão biologicista do cuidado, tendo como principais fragilidades a atenção às necessidades psicossociais, intersetorialidade e gestão da informação. Dentre os usuários que avaliaram estes componentes como insatisfatórios, foram prevalentes aqueles no estrato de risco clínico alto. Conclusões: As fragilidades identificadas na oferta e na integração comprometem o desempenho do ambulatório dentro da rede para a provisão de cuidado coordenado, além de invocarem medidas de enfrentamento nos níveis meso e micro de organização do sistema para qualificação da atenção às necessidades das pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:36:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 4484678 bytes, checksum: 07ef67519a9b72fcf80724948f89a605 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The increased production of digital assets in enterprise environments makes digital asset management an increasingly complex task, since we must make use of well-defined metadata, so that you can easily find and use assets from different repositories. However, obtaining a standardized model that cover the peculiarities of all involved, is usually a highly complex task due to heterogeneity between the models. In addition, is considered the fact that existing solutions specialize in solving part of the problem, leaving a gap in the other phases of the integration process. Thus, for the development of this dissertation was proposed, implemented and evaluated a service framework for metadata interoperability that aims to encompass most of the workflow of digital asset management integration process. This framework aims to bring together and complement existing solutions, providing support to semi-automatic identification of correlations between elements of metadata models and a component-based architecture responsible for the dynamic generation of meta-models, which in turn will aggregate the result of the correlation analysis and serve as a unified language, enabling interoperability between digital assets repositories, regardless the metadata standard used by each one. Lastly, the work validation was conducted by performing an experiment using a proof of concept applied to a scenario involving heterogeneous models of digital asset management real systems. The objective of experiment was perform an assessment of quality of the automatically mapping obtained. The result was accuracy up to 98% within the universe of elements that had at least an correlation suggestion, which occurred in 66% of the elements of the models. / O crescimento da produção de ativos digitais dentro de ambientes corporativos torna o gerenciamento de ativos digitais uma tarefa cada vez mais complexa, visto que é preciso fazer uso de metadados bem definidos, de maneira que seja possível localizar e utilizar facilmente ativos provenientes de diferentes repositórios. Entretanto, obter um modelo padronizado, que atenda às peculiaridades de todos os envolvidos, é normalmente uma tarefa altamente complexa, devido às heterogeneidades existentes entre os modelos. Adiciona-se ainda o fato de que as soluções existentes se especializam em resolver uma parte do problema, deixando uma lacuna nas demais fases do processo de integração. Sendo assim, para o desenvolvimento dessa dissertação, foi proposto, implementado e avaliado um framework de serviços que visa contemplar a maior parte do fluxo de trabalho do processo de integração entre sistemas de gerenciamento de ativos digitais. Esse framework visa reunir e complementar soluções já existentes, disponibilizando os recursos necessários para apoiar a identificação das correlações entre elementos dos modelos de metadados e fornecendo uma arquitetura baseada em componentes responsáveis pela geração dinâmica de meta-modelos, que por sua vez irão agregar o resultado da análise das correlações e servirão como uma linguagem unificada, possibilitando a interoperabilidade entre os repositórios de ativos digitais, independentemente do padrão de metadados utilizado por cada um. A validação do trabalho foi realizada através da execução de um experimento utilizando uma prova de conceito aplicada a um cenário envolvendo modelos heterogêneos de sistemas de gerenciamento de ativos digitais reais. O objetivo do experimento foi realizar uma avaliação da qualidade do mapeamento fornecido automaticamente. Como resultado foi obtido um índice de acerto de até 98% dentro do universo dos elementos que obtiveram ao menos uma sugestão de correlação, o que ocorreu para 66% dos elementos dos modelos.

The data of different information systems is heterogeneous. As systems are being integrated, it’s necessary to bridge inconsistencies to reduce heterogenous data. To integrate heterogenous systems a mediator can be used. The mediator acts as a middle-layer for integrating systems, it handles transfers and translating of data between systems. A case study was conducted, developing a prototype of an integration mechanism for exchanging genealogical data, that used the mediator concept. Further, a genealogical system was developed to take use of the integration mechanism, integrating with a genealogy service. To test the reusability of the integration mechanism, a file import/export system and a system for exporting data from the genealogy service to a file was developed. The mechanism was based on the usage of a neutral entity model, that integrating systems could translate to. A neutralizing/de-neutralizing mechanism was used for the translating of the data between the neutral entity model, and a system specific entity model. The integration mechanism was added to the genealogy system as an addon. The integration mechanism was successful at integrating genealogy data. The outcomes included: The integration mechanism can be added as an addon to one or more systems being integrated. It was good to have a neutral entity model, together with a neutralizing/de-neutralizing mechanism.

The ability to reach a wider public using the Internet has brought the world a wide varietyof online retailers offering their customers to purchase almost anything from the comfortof their home. With this increase in online retailing, a need for automation has been developedby the users. To be able to decrease the administrative tasks to a bare minimum allowsretailers to focus on their core business instead. With this new request for automation, businesssystems are becoming more and more popular and to be able to integrate the web sitewith a business system results in lower administrative workload. A variety of systems arealready available for the public to use for integrating a web shop to a number of differentbusiness systems. These systems are however often restrictive and will provide a frameworkfor developing the web shop themselves. One web content management system that lacksthis kind of support is SiteVision. On behalf of Soleil IT, a Proof of Concept was developedto investigate the feasibility of integrating a web shop developed in SiteVision, with a businesssystem for automation of administrative tasks. The implementation included featuressuch as retrieving products from the business system and displaying them on the web site,and the ability to purchase a set of products which should generate an order in the businesssystem. RESTful web services was used to transmit data between the business system andthe web shop. This project resulted in a successful integration of the business system VismaAdministration and a web shop developed in SiteVision. The project showed the feasibilityof performing such an integration and also exposed any restrictions that the setup may have.

The present research is carried out from the viewpoint of primarily space applications where human lives may be in danger if they are to work under these conditions. This work proposes to develop a one-degree-of-freedom (1-DOF) force-reflecting manual controller (FRMC) prototype for teleoperation, and address the effects of time delays commonly found in space applications where the control is accomplished via the earth-based control stations. To test the FRMC, a mobile robot (PPRK) and a slider-bar were developed and integrated to the 1-DOF FRMC. The software developed in Visual Basic is able to telecontrol any platform that uses an SV203 controller through the internet and it allows the remote system to send feedback information which may be in the form of visual or force signals. Time delay experiments were conducted on the platform and the effects of time delay on the FRMC system operation have been studied and delineated.

Industrial robots are important for the competitiveness in high wages countries and during the last 10 years the number of installed robots have tripled in the world. A combination of the high demand for robots and system integration and a lack of competence makes it hard for companies to acquire the robot applications they require as well as maintain and improve them. By using easily programmable robots developing the required competence for system integration is uncomplicated, however, the tradition of buying turn-key automation has led to a lack of competence in in-house system integration. Collaborative robots are often regarded as more easily programmable than traditional robots. By performing a case study with a collaborative robot, the thesis aims to map and present the process and competencies needed to perform system integration in-house. The thesis identifies a process for system integration including education, initialization, application, design, installation and preparation, programming, evaluation, production and presents them in a final model. Further, the thesis presents project supervision, project leadership, project participation, organizational change leadership, problem-solving, process and system, programming, installation, technology, method and safety and regulation competencies as necessary for successful system integration inhouse. Finally, the steps of the process and the competencies are overlaid as to show which competencies are necessary for which process steps. The thesis provides a guide for in-house system integration not previously found in academia.