As the healthcare industry continues to change, dental providers are concerned about the different types of adverse events that can occur if systemic diseases are not well understood when treating patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the level of understanding among dental care providers of the relationship between oral care and systemic diseases and how these are linked to adverse events. The theoretical foundation that was used for this study was the Swiss cheese model. The research questions were designed to address the level of understanding among dental care providers of the link between oral care and systemic diseases as well as their perceptions of adverse events in dentistry and why they occur. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, interviews were conducted with 10 dental care providers who practice in the New Jersey area. As I reviewed the field notes and listened to the audio recording, themes were developed to gain a deeper understanding of the research. The research findings revealed that dental providers have moderate knowledge of systemic disease and that some dentists had encountered an adverse event when providing oral care to patients; this experience led participants to look at patients' overall health instead of only oral care. Positive social change could result from improved training and education for dental providers to gain a better understanding of systemic diseases and systems such as the Swiss cheese model for preventing adverse events in patients with systemic diseases. Dental providers should be more involved with community services by providing health fairs to educate the public about why taking care of their oral health is as important as their physical health.

Orientador: Silvana Artioli Schellini / Banca: Marina Politi / Banca: Ricardo Cordeiro / Resumo: Este estudo faz parte de uma pesquisa populacional que está sendo realizada no Município de Pratânia, cidade localizada na região centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo, que possui 4.309 habitantes e conta com sistema de saúde apenas para atendimento primário e secundário. O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o perfil demográfico, sócio-econômico, morbidade referida e hábitos dos moradores do Município de Pratânia, São Paulo. Trata-se de um estudo populacional, do tipo transversal, de amostra intencional, realizado de Fevereiro de 2007 até Agosto de 2008, por uma equipe da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP. O estudo foi avaliado e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da referida Faculdade. Foi aplicado um questionário visando avaliar o perfil demográfico e sócio-econômico, além das morbidades referidas em familiares e no sujeito da pesquisa, hábitos e costumes dos habitantes do Município. Os dados colhidos foram submetidos a análise estatística. 43,5% dos habitantes da cidade aderiram ao estudo. Os dados estudados são referentes a estes sujeitos, dos quais 60% eram mulheres, com média de idade de 31 anos, a maioria solteiros. A população é predominantemente branca (62,7%). Cerca de 53,8% dos indivíduos não exerciam atividades profissionais. A maioria apresentava um ou dois filhos e morava em domicílios que possuíam 3 a 4 pessoas. Indivíduos de menor renda apresentam maior número de filhos e a renda per capita esteve, em geral, abaixo de 1 salário mínimo. Hipertensão arterial esteve presente entre os antecedentes familiares e 17,2% dos participantes referiam possuir a doença, dos quais 97,8% estavam seguindo as orientações médicas quanto ao tratamento. Diabetes mellitus foi referido por 4,3%. Referiram serem portadores de dislipidemia 10,7%. Quanto a... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: A population study was carried out in the municipality of Pratânia, located in the central-western region of São Paulo State, Brazil. The total population of Pratânia is 4,309 inhabitants and the people have health system directed only for primary and secondary care. Aims: this study aimed to evaluate the demographic and socioeconomic profiles, besides the morbidity and habits of Pratânia inhabitants. This is a cross-sectional population study of intentional sampling, which was carried out from February 2007 to August 2008 by a staff of the Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil. The study was evaluated and approved by a local Research Ethics Committee of such Institution. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the demographic and socioeconomic profiles, besides the morbidities of the research subject or their relatives and the habits of Pratânia inhabitants. The collected data were submitted to statistical analysis. 43.5% inhabitants participated of the study of these 60% were women, mean age was 31 years, and most of them were single. The population is predominantly white (62.7%). Approximately 53.8% individuals did not have a job. Most of them had one or two children and lived together with other three or four people. Low-income individuals have a larger number of children and the per capita income was, in general, less than one minimum wage. Hypertension was present in the family history, and 17.2% participants stated to have such disease, of which 97.8% were following medical recommendations for the treatment. Diabetes mellitus was mentioned by 4.3%, and dyslipidemia by 10.7%. As regards infectious diseases, indices were very low (0.4% Tuberculosis, 0.05% HIV, 0.4% Leprosy, 0.6% Toxoplasmosis) mainly affecting older individuals. 1.6% interviewee stated to be drug users. 47% have already... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Eunice Novais (enovais@uepg.br) on 2018-08-14T18:52:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Gabriela Veloso 28-05-2018.pdf: 2164370 bytes, checksum: 4e7d75f83857ad16625e9fb2ea2f374d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T18:52:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Gabriela Veloso 28-05-2018.pdf: 2164370 bytes, checksum: 4e7d75f83857ad16625e9fb2ea2f374d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-28 / Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná / Estudos epidemiológicos têm apontado a doença periodontal como a desordem óssea mais prevalente em humanos. Sua etiologia é definida de forma mul-tifatorial, em que há influência de doenças sistêmicas. De fato, muitos estudos relatam esta última associação e, neste contexto, a sepse é uma doença sistêmica caracteri-zada por uma disfunção orgânica com risco de vida, causada por uma resposta des-regulada do hospedeiro à uma infecção. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar por meio de análise histológica e imunohistoquímica se a sepse é capaz de exercer influência sobre o metabolismo ósseo na região do periodonto. Métodos: Foram utilizados dois grupos de ratos Wistar divididos em controle (n=6) e sepse (n=6). Os animais passa-ram pelo modelo de procedimento de ligação e perfuração do ceco (CLP) e, após 24 horas, por meio de sobredose anestésica, suas hemimandíbulas foram coletadas e submetidas a procedimentos histotécnicos. Em seguida, componentes do periodonto como matriz óssea, fibras colágenas, fibroblastos, osteócitos, células inflamatórias, vasos sanguíneos e espaços em branco do ligamento periodontal, osso alveolar e osso da área da furca foram avaliados e quantificados por meio de análise histomor-fométrica. Posteriormente, foram realizadas análises por imunohistoquímica nestas mesmas regiões, visando avaliar o número de células imunomarcadas para BMP-2/4, osteocalcina e RANKL. Resultados: A análise histomorfométrica não revelou dife-renças significativas entre os grupos avaliados. Entretanto, a análise imunohistoquí-mica revelou diferenças significativas no número de células imunomarcadas entre o grupo controle e sepse para osteocalcina e RANKL. Conclusões: Foram observadas algumas modificações no periodonto de ratos após 24 horas da indução da sepse. Contudo, outros estudos são necessários para possibilitar uma avaliação mais abran-gente sobre os possíveis efeitos da sepse na região periodontal, incluindo avaliações moleculares e com períodos experimentais maiores. / Epidemiological studies have pointed the periodontal disease as the most prevalent bone disorder in humans. Its aetiology is defined in a multifactorial way, in which there is influence of systemic illnesses. In fact, many studies report this asso-ciation and, in such context, sepsis is a systemic disease characterized by an organic malfunction that is life threatening, caused by a deregulated response from the host to certain infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate through histological and immunohistochemical analyses whether sepsis is able to have influence on the bone metabolism in the periodontal regions. Methods: Two groups of Wistar rats were used, which were divided into control (n=6) and sepsis (n=6). The animals were submitted to the model of procedure cecum link and perforation (CLP) and, after 24 hours, through an anaesthetic overdose, their hemimandibles were collected and submitted to histo-technical procedures. Next, periodontal components such as bone matrix, collagenous fibers, fibroblasts, osteocytes, inflammatory cells, blood vessels, periodontal ligament blank spaces, alveolar bone and bone from the furcation area were evaluated and quantified using the histomorphometric analysis. Later on, immunohistochemical anal-ysis was carried out in the same regions, aiming at evaluating the number of BMP-2/4, osteocalcin and RANKL immunolabeled cells. Results: The histomorphometric analy-sis did not reveal significant differences between the groups under analysis. However, immunohistochemical analysis revealed significant differences in the number of immu-nolabelled cells between the control and sepsis groups for osteocalcin and RANKL. Conclusions: Some modifications were observed in the periodontium of rats after 24 hours of induction of sepsis. However, further studies are required to enable a broader evaluation of the possible effects of the sepsis on the periodontal region, including molecular evaluations and with longer experimental periods.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:28:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_lc_me_botfm.pdf: 532805 bytes, checksum: d9875999934202e85cd26e3d9a690b69 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este estudo faz parte de uma pesquisa populacional que está sendo realizada no Município de Pratânia, cidade localizada na região centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo, que possui 4.309 habitantes e conta com sistema de saúde apenas para atendimento primário e secundário. O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o perfil demográfico, sócio-econômico, morbidade referida e hábitos dos moradores do Município de Pratânia, São Paulo. Trata-se de um estudo populacional, do tipo transversal, de amostra intencional, realizado de Fevereiro de 2007 até Agosto de 2008, por uma equipe da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP. O estudo foi avaliado e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da referida Faculdade. Foi aplicado um questionário visando avaliar o perfil demográfico e sócio-econômico, além das morbidades referidas em familiares e no sujeito da pesquisa, hábitos e costumes dos habitantes do Município. Os dados colhidos foram submetidos a análise estatística. 43,5% dos habitantes da cidade aderiram ao estudo. Os dados estudados são referentes a estes sujeitos, dos quais 60% eram mulheres, com média de idade de 31 anos, a maioria solteiros. A população é predominantemente branca (62,7%). Cerca de 53,8% dos indivíduos não exerciam atividades profissionais. A maioria apresentava um ou dois filhos e morava em domicílios que possuíam 3 a 4 pessoas. Indivíduos de menor renda apresentam maior número de filhos e a renda per capita esteve, em geral, abaixo de 1 salário mínimo. Hipertensão arterial esteve presente entre os antecedentes familiares e 17,2% dos participantes referiam possuir a doença, dos quais 97,8% estavam seguindo as orientações médicas quanto ao tratamento. Diabetes mellitus foi referido por 4,3%. Referiram serem portadores de dislipidemia 10,7%. Quanto a... / A population study was carried out in the municipality of Pratânia, located in the central-western region of São Paulo State, Brazil. The total population of Pratânia is 4,309 inhabitants and the people have health system directed only for primary and secondary care. Aims: this study aimed to evaluate the demographic and socioeconomic profiles, besides the morbidity and habits of Pratânia inhabitants. This is a cross-sectional population study of intentional sampling, which was carried out from February 2007 to August 2008 by a staff of the Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil. The study was evaluated and approved by a local Research Ethics Committee of such Institution. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the demographic and socioeconomic profiles, besides the morbidities of the research subject or their relatives and the habits of Pratânia inhabitants. The collected data were submitted to statistical analysis. 43.5% inhabitants participated of the study of these 60% were women, mean age was 31 years, and most of them were single. The population is predominantly white (62.7%). Approximately 53.8% individuals did not have a job. Most of them had one or two children and lived together with other three or four people. Low-income individuals have a larger number of children and the per capita income was, in general, less than one minimum wage. Hypertension was present in the family history, and 17.2% participants stated to have such disease, of which 97.8% were following medical recommendations for the treatment. Diabetes mellitus was mentioned by 4.3%, and dyslipidemia by 10.7%. As regards infectious diseases, indices were very low (0.4% Tuberculosis, 0.05% HIV, 0.4% Leprosy, 0.6% Toxoplasmosis) mainly affecting older individuals. 1.6% interviewee stated to be drug users. 47% have already... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Resumo: A presença de doenças sistêmicas, uso de medicamentos, e uso de próteses removíveis, entre outros fatores, podem alterar o equilíbrio fisiológico da cavidade bucal favorecendo o estabelecimento de diversas alterações e/ou patologias bucais. Assim, o estudo das prevalências destes fatores, nos pacientes odontológicos, tornam-se importantes pois devem ser considerados para elaborar o diagnóstico e definir a conduta terapêutica. Com o objetivo de delinear um perfil, avaliamos os prontuários de 500 usuários de próteses removíveis atendidos no Serviço de Medicina Bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara - UNESP. Analisamos os dados referentes a: características da população e das próteses removíveis, prevalência das doenças sistêmicas, uso de medicamentos e diagnóstico final das patologias ou alterações bucais. Os resultados obtidos nos permitem concluir que a maioria (74%) dos usuários de próteses removíveis eram mulheres brancas; metade da população pertencia a faixa etária de 41 a 60 anos e, quase a metade (49,2%) usava a combinação de prótese total superior e inferior. As doenças sistêmicas foram relatadas por 57,2% da amostra e a prevalência maior foi de doenças do sistema cardiovascular (25,4%). A maioria (60,4%) da população relatou uso de medicamentos e, dentre os mais freqüentes, a prevalência maior foram dos cardiovasculares (26,4%). A prevalência de patologias ou alterações bucais foi de 99,6%, sendo as relacionadas ao uso de próteses removíveis as mais freqüentes. Dentre estas, a candidose crônica atrófica ocorreu em 81,8% da população estudada e a hiperplasia fibrosa em 29,2%. / Abstract: Systemic diseases, the use of drugs and removable prosthetic appliance wearing, among others conditions, can influence the oral health, promoting the development of various oral mucosal disorders. Thus, the study of those informations on the dental patients becomes important and must be considered to estabilish the diagnosis and therapeutic management. The aim of this study was to provide descriptive epidemiologic information. For that task we have collected and analysed data from 500 files of patients, which are wearers of removable prosthetic appliances who attended at the Oral Medicine Service of Araraquara Dental School - UNESP. The results provide information about characteristics of the population and their removable appliances, prevalences of systemic diseases, use of drugs and diagnosis of oral diseases. The results allowed us to draw a profile of the population, concluding that the majority (74%) of the removable appliances wearers were white women, half of the sample with age between 41 to 60 years and almost half using an association of complete maxillary denture and complete mandibular denture. The health questionnaire indicated 57.2% of the population with systemic diseases, and the highest prevalence was of cardiovascular diseases (25.4%).The majority of the sample (60.4%) reported the use of drugs and the cardiovascular drugs were the more frequent (26.4%). The prevalence of oral diseases was 99.6%, the ones which were related with removable prosthetic were the most frequent. Among these, chronic atrophic candidosis was diagnosed in 81.8% of the sample and fibrous hyperplasia in 29.2%.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is a common oral opportunistic bacterium that can cause different infections. In recent years, studies have shown that F. nucleatum is enriched in lesions in periodontal diseases, halitosis, dental pulp infection, oral cancer, and systemic diseases. Hence, it can promote the development and/or progression of these conditions. The current study aimed to assess research progress in the epidemiological evidence, possible pathogenic mechanisms, and treatment methods of F. nucleatum in oral and systemic diseases. Novel viewpoints obtained in recent studies can provide knowledge about the role of F. nucleatum in hosts and a basis for identifying new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of F. nucleatum-related diseases.

Inledning: Kronisk inflammation är ett gemensamt symptom för inflammatoriska systemsjukdomar så som reumatisk artrit, systemisk lupus erytematosus, Sjögrens syndrom och idiopatiska inflammatoriska myopatier. Behandlingsstrategin för inflammatoriska systemsjukdomar handlar om att begränsa den primärt hälsoskadliga faktorn, som i detta fall är inflammation. Fysisk aktivitet och träning har länge ingått i den kliniska rehabiliteringsplanen för inflammatoriska systemsjukdomar för att bibehålla funktion och fysisk kapacitet, men har under senare tid uppmärksammats för sina inflammationsdämpande egenskaper.  Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie är att fastställa evidensen för aerob träning avseende inflammation jämfört med placebo, ingen behandling, farmaka eller annan typ av fysisk aktivitet vid inflammatoriska systemsjukdomar.  Metod: Litteraturstudien följerPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) riktlinjer för inklusionskriterier och använder Statens Beredning för Medicinsk och Social Utvärdering (SBU) mall för kvalitetsgranskning samt Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) för evidensgradering. Resultat: Artikelsökningen genererade totalt 384 studier varav sju studier uppfyllde alla inklusionskriterier. Studier var fördelat på två olika sjukdomsdiagnoser med tre utfallsmått. Låg vetenskaplig evidens som pekar för att aerob träning ger liten till ingen effekt på CRP/CPK samt ett väldigt lågt vetenskapligt underlag för att aerob träning ger liten till ingen effekt på IL-8 i jämförelse med råd om fysisk aktivitet/ingen aktiv behandling Slutsats:Denna systematiska litteraturstudie fann en låg vetenskaplig evidens som pekar mot att aerob träning ger liten till ingen effekt på CRP/CPK i jämförelse med råd om fysisk aktivitet/ingen aktiv behandling. En väldigt låg grad av evidens indikerar att aerob träning ger liten till ingen effekt på IL-8 i jämförelse med råd om fysisk aktivitet/ingen aktiv behandling.

The purpose of this thesis was to study interactions between systemic fungal diseases and perennial plants. Using the systemic rust Puccinia minussensis on the host plant Lactuca sibirica, and the rust Puccinia pulsatillae on the host plant Pulsatilla pratensis, this thesis focused on: (i) the effects of systemic diseases on their hosts (ii) host and pathogen responses to abiotic factors, (iii) the importance of life history strategies for understanding host-pathogen interactions, and (iv) the evolutionary consequences of living in close associations. Results of greenhouse experiments showed that Lactuca sibirica had a high plasticity in growth, since it produced significantly more shoots in favourable than in unfavourable growth conditions. Both the disease levels and the number of healthy shoots (i.e. escape) were significantly higher under favourable conditions. Disease spread within the rhizome was found to be incomplete, and the risk of aecidial- infection decreased with distance from the parent. Furthermore, one isolate of the fungus had highest success and reduced the host plant biomass and shoot production more on the clone it was collected on compared to four other clones . In the field, disease levels were found to fluctuate more at localities subjected to disturbance, the host and pathogen abundances were found to be in phase and the pathogen showed no delayed response to increasing host densities. The rust Puccinia pulsatillae on Pulsatilla pratensis showed no fluctuations between years, low infection rates, and disease levels were higher in ungrazed compared to grazed sites. There was no escape from the disease in this system. A comparison of characteristics of different systemic fungi and hosts with different growth patterns indicated that the life history strategies of both host plants and pathogens need to be studied if the long-term consequences of host-pathogen interactions are to be predicted. / <p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1993, härtill 5 uppsatser.</p> / digitalisering@umu