published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

Ergovaline is produced by the endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) in tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinacea (Schreb.) Dumort. = Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and is blamed for a multitude of costly livestock disorders. Testing of pastures is common in both research and on farm situations. Since ergovaline is known to be unstable and affected by many variables, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of sample handling and storage on the stability of this compound. Homogeneous milled tall fescue sub-samples were analyzed for ergovaline concentration using HPLC after a range of sample handling procedures or storage. Ergovaline was unstable in milled material after 24 hours in storage, regardless of temperature. The decrease in ergovaline after 24 hours ranged from 17 to 60%. These results show that tall fescue sample handling and storage have a significant effect on ergovaline concentrations. In conclusion, accurate laboratory analysis of ergovaline content may require that samples be transported immediately to the laboratory on ice for immediate analysis. Most laboratories are not equipped for same day analysis, therefore researchers and producers should acknowledge that laboratory ergovaline results may be lower than the actual content in the field.

Tall fescue is a widely used forage grass in the eastern USA and can form a symbiosis with a fungal endophyte, which can be beneficial for the plant but can cause livestock health issues. Little is known regarding the symbiotic response to predicted climate change. To address this knowledge gap, I analyzed tall fescue variety trial data collected throughout the U.S., exploring relationships between climate variables and yield for two different fescue cultivars that were either endophyte-free or infected. This study showed no endophyte or cultivar effect on fescue yield, but identified temperature, precipitation and location as significant predictors of yield, suggesting that local conditions were more important than endophyte presence or fescue genotype for this dataset. Using a field experiment located in central Kentucky, I quantified the ecophysiological responses of four tall fescue genotypes to endophyte presence, elevated temperature and increased growing season precipitation. In this study, tall fescue genotype was as important as endophyte presence in determining ecophysiological responses to climate change treatments. My thesis illustrates that tall fescue response to climate change will depend on host genetics, the presence and genetics of the fungal endophyte symbiont, and the specific changes to the environment experienced at a site.

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Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Where and why there? -- Demand for office space -- Architectural influences -- Building inventory / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Department of Architecture

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Anthropology, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:09:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMFB.pdf: 12924718 bytes, checksum: a2a9aa316f9b1cfca133881538c8d7aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-09-09 / The civil construction management has been taken more attention of civil construction companies in aim alternatives to enhancing theirs management process, main that work with building construction because the growing competition and the exigency of their invest. In this set, the strategic planning is fundamental for the development and success of business because generates data that will guide the balance between the production planning expectation and the necessary costs for concluding a project. The supply of planning data and performances of building construction is get to divide of the simulation of the production strategy. The planning production represents the strategies because its products are some information: schedules, graphs and reports to arrive the execution efficiency. This research presents analyze the conduct of two different construction systems variables of three construction strategies. The construction systems studied were traditional construction system and the external walls in reinforced concrete construction system. The production strategies simulated concentrated in analyse only the tower and were without inversion of services; with partial inversion of services; and with total inversion of services. Like product of this research to claim develop a systematization to value and choose the production strategies to attend by the tall building construction companies. / O gerenciamento em obras de construção civil vem recebendo atenção por parte das empresas na busca de alternativas para melhorar seus processos de gestão da produção. Isso ocorre principalmente em empresas que trabalham com construção de edifícios para o mercado imobiliário, face à competitividade e exigências estabelecidas por seus investidores. Neste contexto, as estratégias de execução são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento e sucesso do negócio , pois delas decorrem a forma de como serão aproveitados os recursos físicos e financeiros disponibilizados. Através de simulações de estratégias de execução são fornecidos diversos dados de planejamento ao subsetor edificações. Tais estratégias são representadas pelo planejamento da produção através da geração de informações: cronogramas, gráficos e relatórios. Dessa forma, este trabalho analisa o comportamento das variáveis de produção de dois sistemas construtivos através da proposição de três diferentes estratégias de execução. Os sistemas estudados foram o sistema construtivo tradicional e o sistema construtivo com paredes externas em concreto moldado in loco . As estratégias de execução simuladas concentraram-se na análise dos serviços da torre do edifício vertical, sendo propostas as seguintes seqüências: sem inversão dos serviços, com inversão total dos serviços e com inversão parcial dos serviços. Os principais resultados desta pesquisa são apresentados na forma de parâmetros e gráficos que facilitam a avaliação e seleção de estratégias de execução a serem seguidas pelas empresas que executam edifícios verticais.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Nos últimos anos, a indústria da construção civil experimentou um forte crescimento na demanda por edifícios de múltiplos pavimentos de concreto armado. Este comportamento do mercado impulsionou construtores a acelerar todas as etapas do processo de construção, a fim de entregar a edificação em um tempo cada vez mais curto. Como decorrência deste fato, as estruturas são carregadas mais precocemente, ocasião em que as suas propriedades de resistência e deformação ainda não se encontram suficientemente maduras para suportar o carregamento construtivo que a solicita. Com a finalidade de compreender quais consequências são provocadas por esse carregamento prematuro da estrutura e analisar a importância dos efeitos construtivos no projeto de edificações de concreto armado, o trabalho traz o resultado de análises não-lineares realizadas com o Método dos Elementos Finitos adotando uma abordagem usualmente referida como staged construction construção em estágios aplicada a uma edificação real, situada na Cidade do Recife, Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Nestas análises foram levados em consideração os efeitos da retração, fluência e envelhecimento do concreto. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os deslocamentos verticais nos pilares, decorrentes dos efeitos construtivos, são fortemente alterados quando comparados com os deslocamentos verticais resultantes da análise sem a consideração dos estágios de construção. A não consideração desses efeitos construtivos podem, em alguns casos, conduzir a manifestações patológicas importantes na edificação. / The building industry has experienced in recent years a strong growth in demand in general and in the case of reinforced concrete buildings this increase has been more marked. This fact has also contributed to accelerate all stages of the production process of these constructions with more pronounced effects on the methodologies used in the constructive steps that influence directly the structural design of the building. Structures loaded at ever earlier ages, in which the strength and deformation properties of materials are not yet sufficiently mature, it is a variable that needs to be taken into account already in the design phase so that the concrete structure behaves within acceptable level of reliability taking into account design code recommendations for service life. To understand the importance of constructive effects and to assess its magnitude in the execution of reinforced concrete buildings, this paper present result from nonlinear analyses using Finite Element Method adopting an approach commonly referred as staged construction applied to a typical building found in the practice. The effects of creep and shrinkage were considered and the results obtained demonstrate that the strains due to constructive effects can, in certain cases, assume representative values which, if ignored, can lead to important pathologies in the building.

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