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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Lymphotrophic Nanoparticle-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Nodal Clinical Target Volume Delineation in the Radiotherapy Treatment Planning of Pelvic Malignancies: Derivation of a Class Solution Nodal Clinical Target Volume

Dinniwell, Robert 30 November 2011 (has links)
Dextran-coated ultra-small, superparamagnetic, iron oxide particles (USPIO) have been proposed as magnetic resonance (MR) lymph node contrast agents. This thesis analyzed the topographic distributions of the pelvic and inguinal lymph nodes and quantified their spatial relations with the adjacent vascular system. We hypothesized that USPIO would facilitate identification of normal lymph nodes in a manner superior to that afforded by computed tomography or unenhanced MR, but using current clinically available scanners would be unlikely to identify microscopic nodal metastases. We have constructed a high quality nodal atlas describing probability distributions for lymph node number, size and position. Using this model, we then defined a generic three-dimensional nodal clinical target volume and a means of accurate delineation of this volume in a three-dimensional representation. This is the most quantitative assessment of the pelvic and inguinal lymphatics to date and will help to improve the successful targeting of lymph nodes for radiotherapy.
12

Lymphotrophic Nanoparticle-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Nodal Clinical Target Volume Delineation in the Radiotherapy Treatment Planning of Pelvic Malignancies: Derivation of a Class Solution Nodal Clinical Target Volume

Dinniwell, Robert 30 November 2011 (has links)
Dextran-coated ultra-small, superparamagnetic, iron oxide particles (USPIO) have been proposed as magnetic resonance (MR) lymph node contrast agents. This thesis analyzed the topographic distributions of the pelvic and inguinal lymph nodes and quantified their spatial relations with the adjacent vascular system. We hypothesized that USPIO would facilitate identification of normal lymph nodes in a manner superior to that afforded by computed tomography or unenhanced MR, but using current clinically available scanners would be unlikely to identify microscopic nodal metastases. We have constructed a high quality nodal atlas describing probability distributions for lymph node number, size and position. Using this model, we then defined a generic three-dimensional nodal clinical target volume and a means of accurate delineation of this volume in a three-dimensional representation. This is the most quantitative assessment of the pelvic and inguinal lymphatics to date and will help to improve the successful targeting of lymph nodes for radiotherapy.
13

Modélisation radiobiologique pour la planification des traitements en radiothérapie à partir de données d’imagerie spécifiques aux patients

Trépanier, Pier-Yves 07 1900 (has links)
Un modèle de croissance et de réponse à la radiothérapie pour le glioblastome multiforme (GBM) basé le formalisme du modèle de prolifération-invasion (PI) et du modèle linéaire-quadratique a été développé et implémenté. La géométrie spécifique au patient est considérée en modélisant, d'une part, les voies d'invasion possibles des GBM avec l'imagerie du tenseur de diffusion (DTI) et, d'autre part, les barrières à la propagation à partir des images anatomiques disponibles. La distribution de dose réelle reçue par un patient donné est appliquée telle quelle dans les simulations, en respectant l'horaire de traitement. Les paramètres libres du modèle (taux de prolifération, coefficient de diffusion, paramètres radiobiologiques) sont choisis aléatoirement à partir de distributions de valeurs plausibles. Un total de 400 ensembles de valeurs pour les paramètres libres sont ainsi choisis pour tous les patients, et une simulation de la croissance et de la réponse au traitement est effectuée pour chaque patient et chaque ensemble de paramètres. Un critère de récidive est appliqué sur les résultats de chaque simulation pour identifier un lieu probable de récidive (SPR). La superposition de tous les SPR obtenus pour un patient donné permet de définir la probabilité d'occurrence (OP). Il est démontré qu'il existe des valeurs de OP élevées pour tous les patients, impliquant que les résultats du modèle PI ne sont pas très sensibles aux valeurs des paramètres utilisés. Il est également démontré comment le formalisme développé dans cet ouvrage pourrait permettre de définir un volume cible personnalisé pour les traitements de radiothérapie du GBM. / We have developed and implemented a model of growth and response to radiotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) based on the proliferation-invasion (PI) formalism and linear-quadratic model. We take into account patient-specific geometry to model the possible invasion pathways of GBM with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the barriers to dispersal from anatomical images available. The actual dose distribution received by a given patient is applied as such in the simulation, respecting the treatment schedule. The free parameters in the model (proliferation rate, diffusion coefficient, radiobiological parameters) are randomly chosen from a distribution of plausible values. A total of 400 sets of values for the free parameters are thus chosen for all patients, and a simulation of the growth and the response to treatment is performed for each patient and each set of parameters. A failure criterion is applied to the results of each simulation to identify a site of potential recurrence (SPR). The superposition of all SPR obtained for a given patient defines the occurrence probability (OP). We show that high OP values exist for all patients and conclude that the PI model results are not very sensitive to the values of the parameters used. Finally, we show how the formalism developed in this work could help to define a custom target volume for radiation treatment of GBM.

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