Em 1870, na Itália, nasce Maria Montessori. De uma criança e adolescente curiosa, surge uma mulher corajosa e com ideias à frente de seu tempo. Ingressa na Faculdade de medicina, tornando-se a primeira mulher a concluí-la em toda a Itália. Estuda filosofia, psicologia experimental e pedagogia na Faculdade de Filosofia da Universidade de Roma, voltando todos os seus esforços para a Educação. Após escrever livros e ministrar palestras sobre Educação, suas ideias percorrem o planeta e, hoje, são utilizadas em várias escolas, em diferentes países. Percebe-se nessas escolas que, em algum momento da vida do escolar, ocorre uma ruptura das ideias montessorianas, que param de ser usadas, normalmente, nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a pesquisa que teve como questão norteadora: é possível fazer uma releitura da perspectiva montessoriana de modo a abordar alguns conteúdos que são trabalhados nos anos finais do ensino fundamental na disciplina de matemática? Diante de tal questão, foram elencados os seguintes objetivos: contextualizar a vida e as obras de Maria Montessori, inseridas no contexto social, político e econômico da Itália no século XIX e início do século XX; fazer uma releitura dos princípios montessorianos de modo a potencializar tais processos de ensino e aprendizagem da matemática nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, no contexto contemporâneo; selecionar, aplicar e analisar uma proposta de atividades fazendo uso dos princípios montessorianos em uma turma dos anos finais do ensino fundamental de uma escola de Porto Alegre, abordando os conteúdos de produtos notáveis e funções, utilizando tecnologias. Para contextualizar a vida e as obras de Maria Montessori, foram feitas leituras de suas obras e de obras a seu respeito, além de leituras que traçam um panorama da Itália na época em que viveu. Também foram consultadas obras que se utilizem do tripé: matemática, didática e tecnologia. Com isso, foi adquirido conhecimento para selecionar, aplicar e analisar uma proposta de ensino, seguindo os princípios montessorianos e fazendo uso de tecnologias, que poderá ser utilizada por professores de matemática nos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Com a pesquisa, verificou-se que é possível, no contexto contemporâneo de tempo e espaço escolar, manter vivos os princípios montessorianos, de modo que a ação do professor de matemática crie situações de aprendizagem que respeitem a individualidade e o ritmo de cada aluno e que promovam sua autoeducação, sem que se perca a conexão com o outro e com o mundo, na perspectiva de uma educação para a paz. / In 1870, in Italy, Maria Montessori was born. A curious child became a brave woman with ideas ahead of her time. She joined the Medical School, becoming the first woman to complete it throughout Italy. She studied philosophy, experimental psychology and pedagogy at the Faculty of Philosophy of Rome University, returning all her efforts to Education. After writing books and giving lectures on Education, her ideas roam the planet and are now used in several schools in different countries. It can be seen in these schools that, at some point in the school life, there is a rupture of Montessori’s ideas, when they stop being used, usually in the early years of elementary school. The aim of this work is to present the research that had as its guiding question: is it possible to make a rereading of Montessori’s approach in order to address some contents that are worked in the final years of elementary school in mathematics? Faced with this question, the following objectives were listed: contextualize life and work of Maria Montessori, inserted in the social, political and economic development of Italy in the nineteenth and early twentieth century; make a rereading of Montessori’s principles in order to enhance these processes of teaching and learning of mathematics in the final years of elementary school, in the contemporary context; select, implement and analyze a proposal of activities making use of Montessori’s principles in a class of final years of elementary education at a school in Porto Alegre, addressing the contents of remarkable products and functions, using technology. To contextualize the life and the work of Maria Montessori, were made readings of her works and of works about her, and readings painting a panorama of Italy at the time in which she lived. Were also consulted works that use the tripod: mathematics, teaching and technology. With these, it was acquired knowledge to select, implement and analyze an educational proposal, following the Montessori’s principles and making use of technologies that can be applied by math teachers in the final years of elementary school. Through this research, it was verified that it is possible, in the contemporary context of time and school space, to keep alive the Montessori’s principles, so that the math teacher's action creates learning situations that respect the individuality and the rhythm of each student and promotes his self-education, without losing the connection with each other and with the world, in a perspective of education for peace.

Thesis (Ed.D.)-California State University San Marcos ; University of California, San Diego, 2010. / Abstract: leaves ix-xi. Committee members: Katherine Hayden (chair), Jennifer Jeffries, Alan Daly. Bibliography: leaves 184-190. Also issued online

This study investigates how five secondary students think mathematically and process information in a technology-supported environment while solving mathematics problems. In the study, students were given open-ended problems to explore in an online dynamic learning environment and to solve the problems in computer environments. Given that all the work was done in the computer environments, both online and offline, students’ work was recorded by using screen capturing software. A new method, the frame analysis method, was used to describe and analyze students’ thinking processes while they were interacting with mathematical objects in the dynamic learning environment and solving mathematics problems. The frame analysis method is a microgenetic method based on information processing theory and is developed to analyze students’ work done in computer environments. Two reasons make the analysis method used in this study unique: (a) collecting data with minimized disturbance of the students and (b) analyzing students’ artefacts through researcher’s (teacher) perspective, meaning that integrates teachers within the analysis process. The frame analysis method consists of multiple steps to observe, describe, interpret, and analyze students’ mathematical thinking processes when they are solving mathematics problems. I described each step in detail to explain how the frame analysis method was used to monitor students’ mathematical thinking and to track their use of technology while solving problems. The data emerged from this study illustrates the importance of using dynamic learning environments in mathematics and the potential for transformation of mathematical representational systems from symbolic to visual. Moreover, data suggest that visual representation systems and linked multi-representational systems encourage students to interact with mathematical concepts and advance their mathematical understanding. Rather than dealing with the grammar of algebra only, students may benefit from direct interaction with the visually represented mathematical concepts. It appears that recording students’ problem-solving processes may engage teachers and mathematics educators to seek opportunities for implementing process-oriented assessment into their curriculum activities. Furthermore, students may benefit from sharing their work through peer collaboration, either online or offline, and metacognition and self-assessment. Suggestions for further studies include using audio and video recording in the frame analysis method.

Thesis (PhD.(Education))-University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Toronto, 2004. / Adviser: Earl Woodruff.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geographical and Environmental Studies, 2000. / CD-ROM in pocket on back end paper. Bibliography: leaves 240-270.

Thesis (M.Ed. (Education)) - Rhodes University, 2008.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2009. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: leaf 253-265.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, November, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Ed. (Education)) - Rhodes University, 2007. / A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Education, Information Communications Technology in Education in the Education department.