No description available.

This study centered on adolescent self-mutilation as well as possible forms of support and prevention. The information was gathered by assessing the needs of the adolescent girls who self-mutilate by means of semi-structured interviews. In these interviews the adolescent girls expressed their experiences of self-mutilation and their emotional needs. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the needs of adolescent girls who self-mutilate in order to develop guidelines of support so that parents may feel less helpless and overwhelmed. The findings of the study indicated that there are various reasons why an adolescent would engage in selfmutilation, that it serves a function in the adolescents’ lives and surfaces at times of emotional crisis. This study found further that a lack of problem-solving skills, coping abilities and social skills could play a role in whether an adolescent chooses to self-mutilate. / Social Work / M. Diac. (Play therapy)

Acompanha: Sequência didática para o ensino do ciclo menstrual. / Este estudo teve como objetivo propor uma sequência didática para o ensino do ciclo menstrual 6º ano do ensino fundamental. Para isso, a pesquisa embasou-se nos documentos norteadores da educação no ensino fundamental Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) e Temas Transversais. Buscou-se também subsídios teóricos acerca dos conceitos relacionados ao ciclo menstrual (FOX, 2007; MOORE, DALLEY, 2001; BERENSTEIN, 2001; COUTINHO, 1996). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza interpretativa. O trabalho se desenvolveu em uma escola da rede estadual de ensino da cidade de Ponta Grossa/PR, junto a vinte e cinco alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de registros fotográficos, gravações em áudio, protocolo de observação participante e registros das atividades desenvolvidas. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da seguinte sequência didática composta pela apresentação da situação; produção inicial, que ocorreu por meio de um questionário, a fim de levantar os conceitos prévios dos alunos sobre o tema; seis módulos que abordam sobre os diversos aspectos do ciclo menstrual; e a produção final realizada com aplicação de um jogo. Os resultados apontaram que as atividades desenvolvidas durante a aplicação dos módulos da sequência didática contribuíram para a reestruturação dos conceitos prévios dos alunos sobre o assunto, bem como na aquisição de novos conceitos sobre ciclo menstrual, além de fornecer um espaço único de discussões acerca da sexualidade, oportunizando momentos de discussão, troca de experiências e ideias. A fim de compartilhar as atividades desenvolvidas por meio desse trabalho, foi elaborado, como produto final, um caderno pedagógico contendo a fundamentação teórica sobre o ciclo menstrual e sequências didáticas, assim como as atividades propostas e sugestões de material para diversificação das aulas. / The aim of this study is to propose an instructional sequence for teaching the menstrual cycle. For this, the research was based on the guiding documents to education in elementary school National Curriculum Parameters (PCN) and Cross Cutting Themes. It also sought theoretical support about the concepts related to the menstrual cycle (FOX, 2007; Moore, Dalley, 2001; BERENSTEIN, 2001; Coutinho, 1996). This is a qualitative, interpretive nature. The work was developed in a state school education in the city of Ponta Grossa / Pr, with twenty-five students in the 6th grade of elementary school. Data collection occurred through photographic records, audio recordings, protocol of observation participant, records of activities. By applying the instructional sequence data were obtained (through a questionnaire in order to raise the students' preconceptions about the subject, about six modules that address various aspects of the menstrual cycle, and the final production, performed with application of a game). The results indicate that the activities developed during the implementation of the instructional sequence modules contributed to the restructuring of students' preconceptions about the subject as well as the acquisition of new concepts about the menstrual cycle, and provide a unique space for discussions about sexuality , providing opportunities for moments of discussion, exchange of experiences and ideas. In order to share the activities developed through this work, was prepared as a final product, a notebook containing the theoretical teaching of the menstrual cycle and didactic sequences, as well as the proposed activities and suggestions for material for diversification of classes.

Acompanha: Sequência didática para o ensino do ciclo menstrual. / Este estudo teve como objetivo propor uma sequência didática para o ensino do ciclo menstrual 6º ano do ensino fundamental. Para isso, a pesquisa embasou-se nos documentos norteadores da educação no ensino fundamental Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) e Temas Transversais. Buscou-se também subsídios teóricos acerca dos conceitos relacionados ao ciclo menstrual (FOX, 2007; MOORE, DALLEY, 2001; BERENSTEIN, 2001; COUTINHO, 1996). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza interpretativa. O trabalho se desenvolveu em uma escola da rede estadual de ensino da cidade de Ponta Grossa/PR, junto a vinte e cinco alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de registros fotográficos, gravações em áudio, protocolo de observação participante e registros das atividades desenvolvidas. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da seguinte sequência didática composta pela apresentação da situação; produção inicial, que ocorreu por meio de um questionário, a fim de levantar os conceitos prévios dos alunos sobre o tema; seis módulos que abordam sobre os diversos aspectos do ciclo menstrual; e a produção final realizada com aplicação de um jogo. Os resultados apontaram que as atividades desenvolvidas durante a aplicação dos módulos da sequência didática contribuíram para a reestruturação dos conceitos prévios dos alunos sobre o assunto, bem como na aquisição de novos conceitos sobre ciclo menstrual, além de fornecer um espaço único de discussões acerca da sexualidade, oportunizando momentos de discussão, troca de experiências e ideias. A fim de compartilhar as atividades desenvolvidas por meio desse trabalho, foi elaborado, como produto final, um caderno pedagógico contendo a fundamentação teórica sobre o ciclo menstrual e sequências didáticas, assim como as atividades propostas e sugestões de material para diversificação das aulas. / The aim of this study is to propose an instructional sequence for teaching the menstrual cycle. For this, the research was based on the guiding documents to education in elementary school National Curriculum Parameters (PCN) and Cross Cutting Themes. It also sought theoretical support about the concepts related to the menstrual cycle (FOX, 2007; Moore, Dalley, 2001; BERENSTEIN, 2001; Coutinho, 1996). This is a qualitative, interpretive nature. The work was developed in a state school education in the city of Ponta Grossa / Pr, with twenty-five students in the 6th grade of elementary school. Data collection occurred through photographic records, audio recordings, protocol of observation participant, records of activities. By applying the instructional sequence data were obtained (through a questionnaire in order to raise the students' preconceptions about the subject, about six modules that address various aspects of the menstrual cycle, and the final production, performed with application of a game). The results indicate that the activities developed during the implementation of the instructional sequence modules contributed to the restructuring of students' preconceptions about the subject as well as the acquisition of new concepts about the menstrual cycle, and provide a unique space for discussions about sexuality , providing opportunities for moments of discussion, exchange of experiences and ideas. In order to share the activities developed through this work, was prepared as a final product, a notebook containing the theoretical teaching of the menstrual cycle and didactic sequences, as well as the proposed activities and suggestions for material for diversification of classes.

D.Litt. et Phil. / Refer to full text to view abstract

M.Ed.

Bullying appears to be a worldwide phenomenon. It occurs within schools, homes, and in the community too. Bullying is a form of aggressive behaviour. Female bullying is not so easily noticed, as girls hardly ever use physical forms of aggression. Bullying can have a detrimental effect on the mental health of the victim. The victims of bullying experience symptoms of mental discomfort, which include low self esteem, feelings of helplessness, feelings of worthlessness and inferiority, lack of confidence, isolation, self-conscientiousness; and lastly, this can lead to suicide. Some form of intervention is necessary to provide adolescents with skills to combat bullying and help them to become mentally healthy again. The overall goal of the study was to develop, implement and evaluate a psycho-educational programme for female adolescents in a secondary school setting, in order to assist them in coping with bullying. The objectives of the research study were to: Conduct asituational analysis to identify the mental health needs of adolescent girls, as victimsof bullying. Develop a psycho-educational programme to facilitate the promotion of mental health of those adolescent girls who are victims of bullying. Implement the psycho-educational programme to facilitate coping by adolescent girls who are victims of bullying.  Assess whether the adolescent girls have benefitted from attending the psycho-educational programme. The researcher used a qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual design. The research methodology consisted of four phases. In phase one of the research, a situational analysis was done; and the characteristics of mental discomfort exhibited by the victim were identified. The needs of the adolescent girl who has been bullied have already been described. Phase two involved the development of a psycho-educational programme. The information from the situational analysis was used to develop the conceptual framework. The six concepts in the survey list of Dickoff et al. (1968:422) were described as follows: the recipient is the adolescent girl who has been bullied, the agent is an advanced psychiatric nurse, the context is the community and the secondary school where bullying takes place, the dynamics of the intervention constitute the mental discomfort experienced by the adolescent girl. This is what motivates her to participate in the programme. The procedure was identified as the psycho-educational programme, while the terminus or outcome of the intervention for the adolescent girl would be for her to experience mental health after being exposed to the psycho-educational programme. The relationship between the concepts was used to form the mind map of the conceptual framework. This guided the development of the psycho-educational programme. The content of the programme has already been described. In phase three the psycho-educational programme is implemented and in phase four the programme is evaluated. The psycho-educational programme taught the teenage girls skills and it provided them with knowledge to cope better with the bullying. Attending the programme made the teenagers aware that they needed to change to experience mental health and happiness. The empirical study took place in phase four. The data-gathering method in phase four included the conducting of semi-structured interviews with the adolescent girls who participated in the programme, as well as the teachers of these adolescent girls and their parents. Naïve sketches, reflective journals, observations made and field notes formed part of this database. The data was analyzed by means of Tesch‟s descriptive analysis (in Creswell, 2003:192). The participants had to comment on how they were coping after the implementation of the psycho-educational programme. In conclusion, an intervention in the form of the psycho-educational programme was shown to be beneficial to adolescent girls who were victims of bullying, to assist them in coping with the aftermath of being bullied. Recommendations were made to enhance nursing practice, as well as nursing education and nursing research. Keywords: Adolescent girls, bullying, secondary schools, advanced psychiatric nurse, psycho-educational programme, mental health.

The association between psychogenic knee pain in adolescent girls and parent-child behavior that involves (1) a high degree of control on the part of parents and (2) a high degree of submission on the part of adolescent daughters was investigated. The subjects, between the ages of 13 and 16 years, were patients of five doctors whom they were consulting about chronic knee pain. The doctors categorized each patient as either having "organic evidence" associated with their pain complaint (n=18) or "no organic evidence" (n=12). Each patient completed the Intrex Questionnaire: Short Forms B and C (Benjamin, 1988) which provided a set of data that descibed the daughters' perceptions of .their mothers' and fathers' behavior in relation to them and also the daughters' own behavior in relation to both parents. Similarity of the groups in terms of age, socioeconomic status and severity of pain was confirmed. Between-groups comparisons of the Intrex data yielded two significant differences. Daughters in the psychogenic pain group perceived their mothers as being both more controlling toward and more submissive to their daughters than did daughters in the organic group. Hypothesized differences between the groups regarding fathers' controlling behavior and daughters' submissive behavior were not supported. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

The test scores of spatial ability for women lag behind those of men in many spatial tests. On the Mental Rotations Test (MRT), a significant gender gap has existed for over 20 years and continues to exist. High spatial ability has been linked to efficiencies in typical computing tasks including Web and database searching, text editing, and computer programming. The relationships between the components of visuospatial ability and performance are complex. However, research strongly indicates that a connection exists, and further research is necessary to determine the interactions between the variables of environment, genetics, and spatial training. Spatial experience can enhance spatial skills. However, to what extent spatial skills can be enhanced in female adolescents through a spatial curriculum to reduce the gap in scores has not been fully researched, nor has the impact of spatial skill on information seeking. This research project investigated spatial skill in adolescent females by examining (1) the extent to which the intervention of teaching a spatial curriculum in a single-sex setting could improve mental rotation test scores, and (2) the impact of spatial skills on an information seeking task in a single-sex setting. The extent to which a spatial visualization curriculum can improve MRT scores from a pretest to a posttest for girls was the first factor examined using a spatial visualization curriculum. The information seeking task used 4 tasks from a doctoral study and utilized the scholarly journal database JSTOR® (JSTOR, Ann Arbor, MI, www.jstor.org).

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Dissertation (MSc (Food Management))--University of Pretoria, 2003. / Consumer Science / unrestricted