The thesis aims to identify suitable and in the locality available raw materials to a commnon fermentation with sludge from pulp and fodder yeast production in company Biocel Paskov a.s.. Introductory chapter briefly describes the mechanisms of penetration of the sludge itself. The following section deals with origin, chemical composition and properties of biogas. The factors affecting the production of biogas are described. A key part of this thesis is a performance of sludge fermentation test and selected mixed substrate. Acquired knowledge is evaluated and the optimum composition of input raw materials with regard to maximum, but also economic recovery of biogas selected. Further, on the basis of obtained data a rough draft of biogas station is done, icluding its energeic and economic balance.

The thesis deals with simulation of solar gains in highly glazed administration building of Microsoft company on Vyskocilova Street in Prague. Effects of the geographical orientation and types of shading are compared on the base of the current simulation. For a more precise description of the effect of geographical orientation is simulation of solar gains in fictive office room with constant dimension together with applying different types of shielding. All the simulations are performed in TRSNYS 16.1 software.

This theses is focused on possibilities of sorption properties decrease of musical instruments soundboards. This task should be solved with respect to sustainability of previous acoustics properties or their improving. The resonance wood specimens has been fabricated and conditioned to the relative humidity of 40 % The specimens were divided into three groups. The first one with natural properties, the second one treated by the temperature of 180 °C and the last one was treated by 200 °C. Specimens were conditioned all together to the relative humidity of 60 % and at the last step at 80 %. The conditioning was isothermal with the temperature of 20 °C. Swelling and hygroscopicity establishment was based on dimensions and weight measurement during conditioning of specimens. The first, second and longitudinal natural oscillation frequency of the specimens were determined by free-free resonant frequency method. Longitudinal and transversal sound propagation velocity were measured using Fakopp Ultrasonic Timer. Dynamic Young’s modulus (E´L,E´RT), dynamic bend Young’s modulus (Eb), acoustic constant (KL, KRT), characteristic impedance (ZL, ZRT), acoustic conversion efficiency (ACEL, ACERT), relative acoustic conversion efficiency (RACEL, RACERT) and damping coefficient (tan δ) were determined using the measured data. The treatment by 180 °C caused the decrease of volume swelling, which was 7,4% lower after the treatment. The hygroscopicity decreased by 2,8%. The treatment by 200 °C decreased swelling by 8,5% and the hygroscopicity by 4,3%. The different results of both treatments were observed in case of longitudinal sound velocity. In case of 180°C treatment the value of longitudinal sound velocity decreased by 1,6 %, whereas after treatment by 200 °C the increase by 2,1% was found. Acoustical properties E´, Eb, K, Z, ACE, RACE were decreasing due to the higher moisture content and tan δ was increased. Heat treatment by 180 °C has not significantly affected acoustical properties and sound velocity but the treatment by 200 °C caused their increase.

Present study analyses the impact of Cross – section uneven thermal modification of wood caused by hot press at 200 °C. The beech wood was examined at radial and tangential direction. The resulting samples were chemically analysed by spectrophotometry to determine the penetration depth of the thermal modification. Also, was examined dimensional stability during soaking at water for 15 days. In the first part is a review of literature on the description of the heat treatment and common using methods in practice. Further, the material properties of the beech wood and the possibilities of using this material were examined. Measured data were statistically analysed, the results were discussed and compared with the literature.

This diploma thesis primarily focuses on thermal modification of wood with superheated steam and its effect on elasticity and strength. The sample tested was 200 pcs of bending samples and 200 pcs compressive samples of European beech. These samples were divided into ten groups. One group was referential and the remaining nine groups were modified using different temperatures and during different time intervals. The main goal was to determine density, modulus of elasticity and rupture and to discover their dependence on the chosen mode of modification. The next part contains the analysis of the effect of thermal modification with superheated steam on the acoustic properties and the colour of wood. In the last part, the mass loss and the change in equilibrium moisture content was analysed in relation to the modification mode.

The Ph.D. thesis is focused on a surface degradation mechanisms under combined heat and mechanical load. The objects of examination are work rolls from hot rolling mill which suffer such a load. In first chapter, the hot rolling process, the design, the manufacturing process and present materials of work rolls are described. The state-of-the-art study of work roll surface degradation mechanisms – wear, oxidation, thermal and contact fatigue are described in the second chapter. The characterization, the formation, the mechanisms of progression and the effects of each surface degradation mechanism is described step by step. The state-of-the-art study of analytical and numerical models which are related to hot rolling process is described in third chapter together with their limitations and flaws. The next chapters contain design of an analytical, an optimized macroscopic and a microscopic model for study of the work roll stress state. The macroscopic and the microscopic model is based on finite element method and they are implemented in ANSYS Programming Design Language. The models are used to process several case study which are based on previous experimental work of the Heat transfer and fluid flow laboratory. The results from case studies specify and expand the knowledge of work roll stress state. The results show the portion of each loading factor on the whole stress state. In addition, time and depth depended distribution of stress state is presented. The results from macrosferic model illustrate the cause of spalling and a rupture of the work roll. The results from the microsferic model show the cause of creation of the to-surface-parallel cracks within carbides of high chromium irons. Last chapter summarized of all results gathered from case studies together with the goals for further research definition. The necessary steps for further cognition are stated. The thesis contains a large set of appendixes with deeper discussion of several related topics. These appendixes represent the one third of whole the thesis.

This aim of task deals with study of heat dissipation mechanisms and the description of physical phenomena, which is accompanied by non-stationary measurement of thermal characteristics by the method "hot-wire method". In particular, we observe the coefficient of thermal conductivity and its dependence on various variables such as the temperature of the measured sample, its moisture state, the volume of the sample and its porosity. The above mentioned findings are used for the invention of the measuring device of a nonstationary gauge, which is based on regular heating and is dedicated to measuring the thermal conductivity coefficient and the heat capacity by the "hot-wire method" method. In the last part of the thesis is verified functionality of the proposed measuring device, the suitability of the created algorithm for the processing of the measured data and the evaluation of the results was verified. The reproducibility of the measurements was verified and the measured results were compared with the measurement methods, which are commonly used. the influence of humidity on the coefficient of thermal conductivity.

The thesis deals with the issue of thermal-technical assessment of new building of family house which is going to be built in the near future, based on provided documentation. Considering the building system, it is a wooden house, which is going to be realized through a "balloon frame" method. The goal of this thesis is to propose suitable composition of individual constructions, to asses them and to develop basic construction details of them which will be evaluated based on internal surface temperature and linear thermal transmission. Based on intermediate results the thermal loss of the family house will be calculated which is a crucial input for proposal of the heating system. Another part focuses on proposing of controlled ventilation system and creating energy performance certificates of the building.

Presented work deals with appropriate ways of storing thermal energy and selection of materials for a high capacity storage unit. The thesis describes technologies currently used for long-term storage of thermal energy, the structural arrangement of the thermal unit, physical properties of the materials usable for construction of high-temperature storage units and the utilization of these materials. The thesis also describes the measuring procedure of the material characteristics and the method of evaluation. Size of the solar collector and the required volume of the storage for heat supplying of the selected building in the climatic conditions of the Czech Republic were designed.

This dissertation deals with the optimization of the dry floor design by solving the innovative floor composition supported by the development of a new floor element, doing so from the point of view of building physics – especially the heat and mass transfer in buildings – with the consideration for the benefits for acoustics. It is aimed at dry floors application to modern timber structure. In the area of heat and mass transfer in buildings, the impact of thermal stability of rooms and its increase in the use of a new floor structure is investigated with the inclusion of a proposed element improving the thermal storage capacity of the floor. All this in the context of ensuring the possible floor heating integration. In the evaluation of thermal stability in rooms, those operating conditions that are accompanied by interrupted heating, are considered to be key. After describing the current state of solving this issue, the main focus of this dissertation is its own development and design of a specific floor element and its integration into the floor composition. An important part of the dissertation consists of related numerical simulations, its own experiment, relevant measurements in the experimental object, and their evaluation.