This master’s thesis deals with utilization of waste heat from heating plant Spitalka. The aim of the thesis is to explain the general principle of the operation of the heating plants, respectively the heating circuit, then to describe the operation of heating plant Spitalka and to try to identify possible sources of waste heat. Other goals are to make the calculation of waste heat and to make the proposal for its utilization. The final aim of the thesis was to design technological device for utilization of waste heat and to carry out economic evaluation. The master’s thesis describes the principle of functioning of the heating circuit. It explains the issue of combined heat and power production, the principle of functioning of the main technological elements, but also the ecology of operation or distribution of heat through the district heating. Then there is a description of the heating plant Spitalka. The thesis also deals with the water treatment and the description of the technological circuit from the beginning to the distribution to the customer. Next, the waste heat source is identified as water in a closed cooling circuit. The amount of this heat energy is calculated and suggestions for its possible utilization are made. As an application, there are selected two systems, heating and domestic hot water heating. The heating is made by heat pump. Based on the calculations, a heating system using two heat pumps in a bivalent way of connection was designed. In conclusion, the results of the design of the heating system are summarized and an economic evaluation is carried out.

The diploma thesis is partly dedicated to energetic efficiency of buildings and describes possibilities how to evaluate energetic efficiency of buildings in the Czech Republic. We also get to know with distribution of thermal insulators by material base and use in construction. There are also mentioned methods how to determine thermal insulations characteristics of heat insulations, so called heat conductivity coefficient. The last and the crucial chapter of theoretic part is dedicated to thermal-reflective insulations. There are mentioned some of the basic characteristics of insulations, material composition and heat transfer mechanism in their structure as well. Practical part describes measurement of thermal resistance of chosen samples of thermal-reflective insulations per measuring device on the principal of Hot Box method. In the next step was determined emissivity of aluminium foils which forms the surface of chosen samples of thermal-reflective insulations. In the end of thesis are defined possibilities of use thermal-reflective insulations in building structures especially in passive and low-energy buildings in climatic conditions of the Czech Republic.

This work deals with the determination of the operational efficiency of solid fules boilers for their inclusion in the relevant emission class according to ČSN EN 303-5. Two steel boilers of the same manufacturer, type and performance but of different ages, were measured. The experimental measurments in the real operation of the boilers were carrien out during the combustion of two types of fuels, namely brown coal and spruce wood.The operational efficiency of the monitored sources was calculated from the measured data using both direct and undirect methods. The found efficiency of the boilers corresponds to the expected values, due to their construction, age and the way of using individual components and regulations. In the project part of this work there is a proposal of heating of the family house for the condition of the building before and after the insulation. The calculation was made for the solid fuel boiler and heat pump. The building is heated by radiators and floor heating. The design of the whole system, technical report and project documentation were prepared for each variant.

The subject of thesis is environmental-friendly heating. Theoretical part includes overview of possible ways using alternative energy sources, especially solar energy and energy environment - heat pumps. Partical part is devoted to solution of environmental-friendly heating and heating warm water for family house using solar system. The proposal is documented with economic evaluation and calculation of economic return.

The thesis is engaged in complete reconstruction of a heat system of a family house with higher heat loss, i.e. heat source, piping and radiators. As a heat source is chosen air-water heat pump. Heat system is designed with panel radiators with regard to minimum building interventions. A required power for hot water heating is calculated and selected a heat pump from suitable power range in combination with storage tank with hot water tank. The bivalent point is determined, as backup source are heating elements installed in storage tank. Drawings and circuit diagrams with safety elements are attached. In the end is calculation of estimated return.

The master´s thesis analyzes influence of direct and reflected solar radiation to heat strain and degradation of thermal insulation in the flat roof construction. In many building was a problem in a significant degradation of thermal insulation made from expanded polystyrene in the vicinity of glass surfaces. To determine the causes of this problem, it was necessary to study and test the properties of building materials and the physical nature of the effect of solar radiation on the building structure. In the introductory section lists the cases of buildings with degradation of thermal insulation and existing knowledge on this issue. The theoretical part describes the technical properties of thermal insulating materials used in the flat roof construction, nature and division of solar radiation, optical laws of light reflection and physical theory to explain the technical thermal behavior of building materials and structures. The last part describes a practical model and analyzing measured data in thermal stress in the flat roof construction. The practical part also determines the importance of different influences configuration structures using to dynamic simulations. At the end of the practical part they are validated theoretical knowledge obtained by analyzing data from a practical model.

This master’s thesis is dealing with the plan of reconstruction of the house in an effort to get closer to "near zero building". Total heat loss along with calculation of the cost of the house operation and the energy performance of buildings were computed for the given house. Then we have enclosed suggestions of individual methods of building´s insulation (replacing of windows, doors and gates, insulation of exterior walls, roof and ceiling between floor and attic) and a draft of a new technical building services (forced ventilation with heat recovery, photovoltaic system and heat pump). Furthermore, the suitability of the original heating system was evaluated and the also the energy performance for the renovated building was analyzed during the reconstruction. An economic evaluation was calculated for each method of reconstruction, together with the new green subsidy programme. At the end of the dissertation is drawn up the economic evaluation of the whole proposed reconstruction, together with an assessment, what class of the building we have achieved according to its the energy intensity.

Presented work deals with the study progressive heat-reflecting foil thermal insulating materials and defines their thermal insulation properties. The work describes a transport mechanism of thermal energy in the structure of heat-reflecting materials, their physical properties, especially heat resistance, compared to the conventional thermal insulating materials available on Czech market. The main applications ways and installation methods of these materials (especially in low-energy and passive buildings) are also shown. The practical part is focused on asembling the measuring device HOT BOX in accordance with the valid standards, to determine the heat resistance of heat-reflecting materials. In next step the measurement of reflection of aluminum foils (an integral part of the structural arrangement heat-reflecting foil insulations) was performed.

Diplomová práce je rozdělena na tří částí. První částí je analýza tématu, cílů a způsobů řešení, která obsahuje i teoretickou část. Druhá část je aplikace tématu na řešeném objektu včetně podrobného výpočtu a návrhu otopné soustavy, přípravy teplé vody, dvou variant alternativních zdrojů tepla a jejich porovnání, které vede k výběru lepšího zdroje tepla. Třetí část je projekt a obsahuje technickou zprávu vybrané varianty a projektovou dokumentaci, která obsahuje všechny potřebné výkresy.

The master´s thesis is about the design of heating and cooling of a multifunctional house. The building is functionally divided into parts of shops, administration and apartments. Thesis describes various cooling options and basic types and functions of air conditioning systems. Three variants of the system at the level for expanded building permits and their evaluation are developed. The selected variant is developed at the project level for the construction.