This thesis explores Korean-Chinese migrant workers’ local experiences of the global phenomenon of international migration of care labour, focusing on how the care labour of migrant workers is being constructed through the intertwined social and political processes in South Korea’s shifting long-term care sector for the elderly. The thesis uses a qualitative case study method and relies on data collected through participant observation, interviews, and textual analysis during field research between November 2009 and May 2010. The analysis is based on a global economy of care framework, which understands care work as being made of products that are socially and politically constructed in the global processes. My study findings illuminate the roles and relations of the state, the employers, and the workers in producing a huge migrant workforce in South Korea’s segregated elder care labour market. The policy analysis at the intersection of elder care, labour market, and immigration policies shows that, over the last decade, the South Korean government has significantly reconstructed the boundaries of elder care work through the expansion of publicly-funded programmes for the elderly and the institutionalisation of care work in those programmes. In the institutionalisation process, the government’s ignorance about the care work performed in the private care sector has resulted in different regulations and working conditions for care workers in the publicly-funded versus the private sector. My empirical findings highlight how employers’ search for ‘cheap’ and ‘flexible’ labour and older female migrants’ disadvantageous status in the labour market have placed these workers in the less regulated private sector and their pay and working conditions at the bottom of hierarchical elder care workforce. In advocating for migrant care workers’ labour rights, this thesis challenges the current discriminative employment practices and the government’s lack of protection and regulation of care work in the private sector.

Background: There is no standardized approach to the organizational structure for oral health provision in long-term care (LTC) and many different arrangements exist within different institutions. Objectives: To analyze how integration of dental service in LTC impacts residents and their oral health using quantitative and qualitative research methods. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 61 residents in 3 LTC facilities in Ontario. Facility A had a fee-for-service hygienist, Facility B had a dentist present once per week, and Facility C had a full time dental team. Results: Dental services that initiated treatment as opposed to placing responsibility on the LTC resident to access dental care resulted in better oral health outcomes. Conclusion: Dental services in LTC require a proactive approach directly integrated with each resident’s overall health care plan. Passive treatment strategies fail to provide acceptable oral health for LTC residents even when dental services are available.

This thesis explores Korean-Chinese migrant workers’ local experiences of the global phenomenon of international migration of care labour, focusing on how the care labour of migrant workers is being constructed through the intertwined social and political processes in South Korea’s shifting long-term care sector for the elderly. The thesis uses a qualitative case study method and relies on data collected through participant observation, interviews, and textual analysis during field research between November 2009 and May 2010. The analysis is based on a global economy of care framework, which understands care work as being made of products that are socially and politically constructed in the global processes. My study findings illuminate the roles and relations of the state, the employers, and the workers in producing a huge migrant workforce in South Korea’s segregated elder care labour market. The policy analysis at the intersection of elder care, labour market, and immigration policies shows that, over the last decade, the South Korean government has significantly reconstructed the boundaries of elder care work through the expansion of publicly-funded programmes for the elderly and the institutionalisation of care work in those programmes. In the institutionalisation process, the government’s ignorance about the care work performed in the private care sector has resulted in different regulations and working conditions for care workers in the publicly-funded versus the private sector. My empirical findings highlight how employers’ search for ‘cheap’ and ‘flexible’ labour and older female migrants’ disadvantageous status in the labour market have placed these workers in the less regulated private sector and their pay and working conditions at the bottom of hierarchical elder care workforce. In advocating for migrant care workers’ labour rights, this thesis challenges the current discriminative employment practices and the government’s lack of protection and regulation of care work in the private sector.

This thesis explores Korean-Chinese migrant workers’ local experiences of the global phenomenon of international migration of care labour, focusing on how the care labour of migrant workers is being constructed through the intertwined social and political processes in South Korea’s shifting long-term care sector for the elderly. The thesis uses a qualitative case study method and relies on data collected through participant observation, interviews, and textual analysis during field research between November 2009 and May 2010. The analysis is based on a global economy of care framework, which understands care work as being made of products that are socially and politically constructed in the global processes. My study findings illuminate the roles and relations of the state, the employers, and the workers in producing a huge migrant workforce in South Korea’s segregated elder care labour market. The policy analysis at the intersection of elder care, labour market, and immigration policies shows that, over the last decade, the South Korean government has significantly reconstructed the boundaries of elder care work through the expansion of publicly-funded programmes for the elderly and the institutionalisation of care work in those programmes. In the institutionalisation process, the government’s ignorance about the care work performed in the private care sector has resulted in different regulations and working conditions for care workers in the publicly-funded versus the private sector. My empirical findings highlight how employers’ search for ‘cheap’ and ‘flexible’ labour and older female migrants’ disadvantageous status in the labour market have placed these workers in the less regulated private sector and their pay and working conditions at the bottom of hierarchical elder care workforce. In advocating for migrant care workers’ labour rights, this thesis challenges the current discriminative employment practices and the government’s lack of protection and regulation of care work in the private sector.

Background: There is no standardized approach to the organizational structure for oral health provision in long-term care (LTC) and many different arrangements exist within different institutions. Objectives: To analyze how integration of dental service in LTC impacts residents and their oral health using quantitative and qualitative research methods. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 61 residents in 3 LTC facilities in Ontario. Facility A had a fee-for-service hygienist, Facility B had a dentist present once per week, and Facility C had a full time dental team. Results: Dental services that initiated treatment as opposed to placing responsibility on the LTC resident to access dental care resulted in better oral health outcomes. Conclusion: Dental services in LTC require a proactive approach directly integrated with each resident’s overall health care plan. Passive treatment strategies fail to provide acceptable oral health for LTC residents even when dental services are available.

This study is to discuss the services of public ¡§Sheng Mu¡¨ Time Bank in Taiwan. Time Bank was developed as a way of providing non-medical services for older people ¡V helping them to stay in the own homes, keep hospital appointments and stay healthy. Unlike traditional services of volunteers, Time Bank enables volunteers to earn and pay time credits for giving and receiving non-medical services.That is to say, Time Bank is a community plan for mutual contribution. Everyone can give and everyone can get. ¡§Sheng Mu¡¨ Time Bank was established by Taiwan governmental instituation in 1998. Since ¡§Sheng Mu¡¨ Time Bank has over ten years of experience in promoting this program, there must be some difficults and problems during promoting process.Thus, the first purpose of this study is to understand what Time Bank is and how it works. Besides, this study is to understand how do managers of volunteers and volunteers think about Time Bank. Finally, this study is to find out the difficults and problems in promoting this program.

Under the well developed economy and the medical, aged population brings up the related medical service demands. In the future, the service quality is a key to determines the life of long-term-care institutes. The purpose of this study to address the relationships among the product factors by which people make a decision. Besides, the construction of what degrees of people emphasis on them is also explored as well. Based on the above, ten nights were used to collect 1097 effective samples by making phone calls. After analysis by statistics software, the conclusions are as below, 1. Men pay more attention to opinions of medical professionals than women. In the inspections of reference group, opinions of relatives & friends (46%) hardly differ from them of medical professionals (47%). However, It was found that man intends to refer more of medical professionals than women, and women put more emphasis on them relatives and friends than men in the cross analysis of gender-reference group. 2. The better educated people put more emphasis on quality of institutes. We can expect the better educated people earn more incomes, and they usually can accept the more expenses which are set as 25 thousands for each month. And this also highlights they concern the service quality than other groups even they¡¦re charged more. 3. It determines the service quality whether an institute has medical professionals or not. This highlights the expectations and trust of people to an institute with medical professionals. Under the trends of diseases changes of the older, the daily care of them is not only included, but also long term tracing or inspection on diseases is necessary. 4. In the past affections on filial piety of China, people thought that distances between the institute and home will be a key factor to choose for visit and take over the older easier. However, People do not care how far from home, when an institute with good service quality can also provide better prices. Key words: Kaohsiung Area, Long Term Care Institute

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-180).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Background: Results from various studies of Long-term Care (LTC) need in China have remained confusing with LTC rates ranging from 2.4% to 22%. Therefore, it has been difficult to ascertain LTC’s sustainability in China. Methods: 672 households with people aged 60+ in Haidian, Beijing, were successfully interviewed between June – August, 2011. interRAI – Home Care assessment tool and scales were used to identify LTC impairment, LTC services use and want, and LTC services drivers. Findings: If LTC need refers to LTC impairment, based on population of Haidian in 2010, it was estimated 3.7% or 14,000 persons aged 60+ in Haidian have LTC impairment. If LTC need refers to people’s use or want of LTC services, it was estimated 38.7% or 147,000 persons aged 60+ in Haidian used and wanted LTC services. In specific, 11.9% (45,000) used Community Care (CC), 6.7% (25,000) and 20.1% (77,000) wanted Residential Care and CC respectively. LTC impairment rate as identified by this study was lower than most of other LTC studies in China, probably due to varied impairment identification and measurement mechanisms. LTC impairment tended to be affected by social activity level (OR: Odds Ratio = 0.29), subjective environmental hazards (OR = 0.20) and poor self-rated health (OR = 2.00). In addition, as compared to their counterparts, respondents with LTC impairment tended to be older; with “fewer” education, social activity and good health practice; and “high” in caregiver stress, objective environmental hazards, behavioral problems and depressive symptoms. There was no statistically significant relationship between LTC impairment and LTC services use/want. For those who used/wanted LTC services, 95% had no LTC impairment. For those with LTC impairment, 54.2% used or wanted LTC services. As compared to their counterparts, respondents who used or wanted LTC services tended to be in more favorable conditions: younger, higher education, more income, living with others, socially active, good self-rated health and more good health practice. These people also tended to have fewer objective environmental hazards, caregiver stress, chronic conditions, behavioral problems, and depressive symptoms. Use of CC was driven by higher age (OR: Odds Ratio = 1.088), being female (OR = 0.268), higher education (OR = 0.260), higher income (OR =3.218), and more objective environmental hazards (OR = 2.522). CC want was driven by higher age (OR = 1.050), being female (OR = 0.625), higher education (OR = 0.348) and more depression (OR = 1.235). Good health practice was the only factor that affecting RC want (OR = 2.842). The overall Pseudo R^2 was 0.219. Implications: Better projection of LTC impairment and LTC services use/want via standardized assessment tool is needed in China. There is also a need to address the issue of mismatch in LTC impairment and services. This is to ensure allocation of LTC services is based on LTC impairment and not because of higher income or education. / published_or_final_version / Social Work and Social Administration / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy