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Translation Environment Tools (TEnTs) became popular in the early 1990s as a partial solution for coping with ever-increasing translation demands and the decreasing number of translators available. TEnTs allow the creation of repositories of legacy translations (translation memories) and terminology (integrated termbases) used to identify repetition in new source texts and provide alternate translations, thereby reducing the need to translate the same information twice. While awareness of the important role of terminology in translation and documentation management has been on the rise, little research is available on best practices for building and using integrated termbases. The present research is a first step toward filling this gap and provides a set of guidelines on how best to optimize the design and use of integrated termbases. Based on existing translation technology and terminology management literature, as well as our own experience, we propose that traditional terminology and terminography principles designed for stand-alone termbases should be adapted when an integrated termbase is created in order to take into account its unique characteristics: active term recognition, d one-click insertion of equivalents into the target text and document pretranslation. The proposed modifications to traditional principles cover a wide range of issues, including using record structures with fewer fields, adopting the TBX-Basic’s record structure, classifying records by project or client, creating records based on equivalent pairs rather concepts in cases where synonyms exist, recording non-term units and multiple forms of a unit, and using translated documents as sources. The overarching hypothesis and its associated concrete strategies were evaluated first against a survey of current practices in terminology management within TEnTs and later through a second survey that tested user acceptance of the strategies. The result is a set of guidelines that describe best practices relating to design, content selection and information recording within integrated termbases that will be used for translation purposes. These guidelines will serve as a point of reference for new users of TEnTs, as an academic resource for translation technology educators, as a map of challenges in terminology management within TEnTs that translation software developers seek to resolve and, finally, as a springboard for further research on the optimization of integrated termbases for translation.

Translation Environment Tools (TEnTs) became popular in the early 1990s as a partial solution for coping with ever-increasing translation demands and the decreasing number of translators available. TEnTs allow the creation of repositories of legacy translations (translation memories) and terminology (integrated termbases) used to identify repetition in new source texts and provide alternate translations, thereby reducing the need to translate the same information twice. While awareness of the important role of terminology in translation and documentation management has been on the rise, little research is available on best practices for building and using integrated termbases. The present research is a first step toward filling this gap and provides a set of guidelines on how best to optimize the design and use of integrated termbases. Based on existing translation technology and terminology management literature, as well as our own experience, we propose that traditional terminology and terminography principles designed for stand-alone termbases should be adapted when an integrated termbase is created in order to take into account its unique characteristics: active term recognition, d one-click insertion of equivalents into the target text and document pretranslation. The proposed modifications to traditional principles cover a wide range of issues, including using record structures with fewer fields, adopting the TBX-Basic’s record structure, classifying records by project or client, creating records based on equivalent pairs rather concepts in cases where synonyms exist, recording non-term units and multiple forms of a unit, and using translated documents as sources. The overarching hypothesis and its associated concrete strategies were evaluated first against a survey of current practices in terminology management within TEnTs and later through a second survey that tested user acceptance of the strategies. The result is a set of guidelines that describe best practices relating to design, content selection and information recording within integrated termbases that will be used for translation purposes. These guidelines will serve as a point of reference for new users of TEnTs, as an academic resource for translation technology educators, as a map of challenges in terminology management within TEnTs that translation software developers seek to resolve and, finally, as a springboard for further research on the optimization of integrated termbases for translation.

Translation Environment Tools (TEnTs) became popular in the early 1990s as a partial solution for coping with ever-increasing translation demands and the decreasing number of translators available. TEnTs allow the creation of repositories of legacy translations (translation memories) and terminology (integrated termbases) used to identify repetition in new source texts and provide alternate translations, thereby reducing the need to translate the same information twice. While awareness of the important role of terminology in translation and documentation management has been on the rise, little research is available on best practices for building and using integrated termbases. The present research is a first step toward filling this gap and provides a set of guidelines on how best to optimize the design and use of integrated termbases. Based on existing translation technology and terminology management literature, as well as our own experience, we propose that traditional terminology and terminography principles designed for stand-alone termbases should be adapted when an integrated termbase is created in order to take into account its unique characteristics: active term recognition, d one-click insertion of equivalents into the target text and document pretranslation. The proposed modifications to traditional principles cover a wide range of issues, including using record structures with fewer fields, adopting the TBX-Basic’s record structure, classifying records by project or client, creating records based on equivalent pairs rather concepts in cases where synonyms exist, recording non-term units and multiple forms of a unit, and using translated documents as sources. The overarching hypothesis and its associated concrete strategies were evaluated first against a survey of current practices in terminology management within TEnTs and later through a second survey that tested user acceptance of the strategies. The result is a set of guidelines that describe best practices relating to design, content selection and information recording within integrated termbases that will be used for translation purposes. These guidelines will serve as a point of reference for new users of TEnTs, as an academic resource for translation technology educators, as a map of challenges in terminology management within TEnTs that translation software developers seek to resolve and, finally, as a springboard for further research on the optimization of integrated termbases for translation.

This report introduces a suite of command-line tools created to assist content developers with the creation of rich supplementary material to use in conjunction with feature films and other video assets in language teaching. The tools are intended to leverage open-source corpora and software (the OPUS OpenSubs corpus and the Moses statistical machine translation system, respectively), but are written in a modular fashion so that other resources could be leveraged in their place. The completed tool suite facilitates three main tasks, which together constitute this project. First, several scripts created for use in preparing linguistic data for the system are discussed. Next, a set of scripts are described that together leverage the strengths of both terminology management and statistical machine translation to provide candidate translation entries for terms of interest. Finally, a tool chain and methodology are given for enriching the terminological data store based on the output of the machine translation process, thereby enabling greater accuracy and efficiency with each subsequent application.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-03-13T14:56:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 00000A01.pdf: 5334646 bytes, checksum: 2f63c1f50e5dbde6393029afc1f2cf1f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T14:56:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 00000A01.pdf: 5334646 bytes, checksum: 2f63c1f50e5dbde6393029afc1f2cf1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-23 / Nenhuma / Face à intensa divulgação da comunicação e das terminologias e à renovação terminológica das últimas décadas é que se desenvolve esta tese de doutorado cujo interesse está em avançar nos estudos da terminologia empresarial, uma área a descoberto, visando ao seu levantamento e descrição. Nessa linha, a tese objetiva, numa perspectiva mais teórica, descrever a natureza constitutiva dos termos que compõem a categoria de terminologia empresarial e as características das unidades lexicais que circulam em empresas; e, numa perspectiva mais prática, propor diretrizes metodológicas para o Gerenciamento de Terminologia Empresarial (GTE). Para tanto, o percurso teórico foi trilhado à luz da abordagem da teoria linguístico-comunicacional da Terminologia, segundo a qual o termo é visto como uma unidade da língua geral que assume o valor especializado de acordo com o seu contexto comunicativo; como tal assume todas as implicações sistêmicas e pragmáticas que isso implica, olhando fortemente para os aspectos da variação, da sinonímia, da ambiguidade, entre outros. A perspectiva aplicada da Terminologia, a Terminografia, também serviu de base para a elaboração da metodologia para o levantamento dos termos empresariais e para a criação do GTE. Com base na proposta de investigação, descreveu-se o perfil do profissional que está apto ao trabalho com a terminologia da empresa, isso porque se postulou, nesta tese, que para o trabalho com o termo empresarial e com o GTE existe a figura, assim denominada neste trabalho, do Gestor Terminológico - alguém capacitado para desenvolver diversas atividades terminográficas no interior de uma empresa, atentando sempre para as reais necessidades de comunicação da organização, sendo um profissional harmonizador de terminologia no interior de uma empresa e um profissional capaz de desenvolver diferentes tarefas. Metodologicamente, para o propósito desta tese, realizou-se o estudo de caso com a Empresa Y M&E Brasil, identificando que a terminologia da empresa era híbrida e estava constituída por dois grandes eixos terminológicos: o eixo da Terminologia de Operacionalização Administrativa e o eixo da Terminologia de Operacionalização de Processo e Produto. Este resultado serviu como um importante parâmetro para os dados que permitiram descrever a categoria terminológica empresarial, segmentada em Termo Organizacional e Termo Operacional. Como condição para o reconhecimento da categoria de terminologia empresarial, criaram-se quatro etapas metodológicas, as quais podem servir de base para trabalhos futuros. Outro importante resultado foi a elaboração das condições para a aplicação do GTE e suas principais características. / Because of the intensive propagation of the communication and terminologies and the terminological renew since the last decades is developed this doctoral thesis whose interest is advance in the entrepreneur terminological studies, an unprotected area, aiming its recognition and description. In this perspective, the thesis focus, in a theoretical perspective, is recognize the terminological habits of the lexical units which are used in the enterprises, and besides, recognize the constitutive nature of the terms inserted in the entrepreneur category; additionally, in a practical perspective, the objective is suggest the methodological guidelines to the Entrepreneurial Terminology Management (ETM). To make it possible, the theoretical trajectory was based in the Terminology linguistic-communicational theory, which takes the term as a unit inside the general language that acquires a specialized value in accordance with the communicative context in which it is inserted; and, in addition, takes all the systemic and pragmatic implications, strongly sighting to the aspects related to the variation, synonymy, ambiguity, and others. The applied perspective of Terminology, the Terminography, was also used as a base to elaborate the methodology to the recognition of the terminological statute of the entrepreneurial terms and to the creation of the ETM. Based on the investigative propose, it was described the profile of the professional who is able to deal with the entrepreneur terminology, because, in this thesis, it was postulated that to work with the entrepreneurial terms and with the ETM of the company must exists the figure, as denominated in this thesis, of the Terminological Manager – someone who is able to develop lots of different terminographic activities inside the company, always keeping in mind the real communicative demands in the organization, being a professional with the ability to make the terminology inside the company harmonious, and besides, a professional who is able to develop different tasks. Methodologically, to the recognition of the statute and functioning of the terms inside the entrepreneurs and to the principles of ETM, it was done the case study with the Y M&E Brasil Company, identifying that the terminology of the company was hybrid and composed by two main terminological parts: the part of the Administrative Operation Terminology and the part of Product and Process Operation Terminology. This result serve as an important parameter to the data which allowed establishing the entrepreneur terminological category and the specificities of the entrepreneur term segmented in two – Organizational Term and Operational Term. As a condition to the recognition of the entrepreneurial terminological category, four methodological steps were created, which may serve as a base to future researches. Other relevant result was the development of the conditions to the application of the ETM and its main categories.

Terminologies are becoming more important to modern day society as technology and science continue to grow at an accelerating rate in a globalized environment. Agreeing upon which terms should be used to represent which concepts and how those terms should be translated into different languages is important if we wish to be able to communicate with as little confusion and misunderstandings as possible. Since the 1990s, an increasing amount of terminology research has been devoted to facilitating and augmenting terminology-related tasks by using computers and computational methods. One focus for this research is Automatic Term Extraction (ATE). In this compilation thesis, studies on both bilingual and monolingual ATE are presented. First, two publications reporting on how bilingual ATE using the align-extract approach can be used to extract patent terms. The result in this case was 181,000 manually validated English-Swedish patent terms which were to be used in a machine translation system for patent documents. A critical component of the method used is the Q-value metric, presented in the third paper, which can be used to rank extracted term candidates (TC) in an order that correlates with TC precision. The use of Machine Learning (ML) in monolingual ATE is the topic of the two final contributions. The first ML-related publication shows that rule induction based ML can be used to generate linguistic term selection patterns, and in the second ML-related publication, contrastive n-gram language models are used in conjunction with SVM ML to improve the precision of term candidates selected using linguistic patterns.

(in English) The presented master's thesis deals with the subject of terminology management and includes a case study carried out in collaboration with the professional association Jednota tlumočníků a překladatelů (Union of Interpreters and Translators, JTP). In the first part, the theoretical principles of terminology in general are described and the basic aspects of terminology management with the focus on terminological databases are presented. The reader is also briefly familiarized with terminology work at the EU level and some selected projects. The first part shall serve as the basis for the second part, which is of empirical nature and reflects findings discovered during the development of a database using the SDL MultiTerm 2015 software and glossaries provided by the JTP. In this part, the diploma candidate describes each step taken during the development and provides commentary on specific issues and their solutions. Finally, the experiences gained through the project are confronted with the theory and future prospects are outlined.