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Decreased testosterone levels (hypogonadism) in middle-aged men (aged 45-64) has been associated with increased levels of depression. Studies have suggested that increases in anxiety and/or attention problems may also be associated with hypogonadism but have not provided empirical evidence to support these suggestions. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine depression, anxiety, and attention problems in middle-aged men using a psychological self-report inventory. The theoretical model used in this study was the biomedical model, which combined pharmacological treatment with psychological self-report inventories to determine if there was an association or relationship between the testosterone levels in men and the psychological distress experienced by men who have become hypogonadal. A total of 179 males were recruited through local physicians. There was a statistically significant difference and a small size effect in the level of depression, anxiety, and/or attention issues experienced by those who were receiving TRT versus those who were not. This study may provide some guidance to medical clinicians, such as psychiatrists, primary-care physicians, and endocrinologists, as well as clinical psychologists who see middle-aged men in their practice settings.

Tikslas: įvertinti fizinių pratimų poveikį, vyrams sergantiems hipogonadizmu, kuriems taikoma pakaitinė testosterono terapija. Uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti vyrų sergančių hipogonadizmu kūno masės komponentų pokyčius atsiradusius dėl 6 mėnesių trukmės kineziterapijos programos taikymo. 2. Palyginti kūno masės komponentus vyrų sergančių hipogonadizmu ir sveikų vyrų prieš ir po kinezirerapijos taikymo. 3. Nustatyti vyrų sergančių hipogonadizmu fizinių ypatybių (šuolio metu išvystomų rodiklių: jėgos, galingumo, greičio, aukščio, santykinio galingumo bei kūno slėgio centro svyravimų elipsės ploto) pokyčius atsiradusius dėl 6 mėnesių kineziterapijos programos taikymo 4. Palyginti fizinių ypatybių pokyčius (šuolio metu išvystomų rodiklių: jėgos, galingumo, greičio, aukščio, santykinio galingumo bei kūno slėgio centro svyravimų elipsės ploto) vyrų sergančių hipogonadizmu ir sveikų vyrų prieš ir po kineziterapijos taikymo. Tiriamieji: 38 vyrai: 18 – sergantys hipogonadizmu ir 20 sveikų vyrų. Tyrimo organizavimas: vyrai sergantys hipogonadizmu padalinti į du pogrupius: 8 vyrams 6 mėn. buvo taikyta pakaitinė testosterono terapija ir kineziterapija (2 k/sav. po 60 min), 10 vyrų taikyta tik pakaitinė testosterono terapija 3 k/6 mėn. kas 8 savaitės buvo švirkščiama Nebido 1000 mg/4 ml injekcinis tirpalas. Tyrimo metodai: 1. Tiriamųjų fizinis aktyvumas, naudojant Tarptautinį fizinio aktyvumo klausimyną (IPAQ). 2. Kūno sudėties analizė X – SCAN įranga – ūgį, kūno svorį, kūno masės indeksą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the research is to assess the effect of exercise therapy on males with hypogonadism treated with testosterone replacement therapy. Objectives: 1. To determine changes in body weight components resulting from a six-month programme of exercise therapy. 2. To compare the body weight components in males with hypogonadism and healthy males before and after exercise therapy. 3. To determine changes in physical parameters (parameters achieved during jumping tasks: strength, power, speed, altitude, relative power, and the ellipse area of body centre pressure) in males with hypogonadism resulting from a six-month programme of exercise therapy programme. 4. To compare the changes in physical parameters (indicators achieved during jumping tasks: strength, power, speed, altitude, relative power, and the ellipse area of body centre pressure) in males with hypogonadism and healthy males before and after exercise therapy. Subjects: 38 males including 18 males with hypogonadism and 20 healthy males. Research design: males with hypogonadism were arranged into two subgroups: 8 men were treated with testosterone replacement therapy combined with exercise therapy for 6 months (2/60-minute sessions per week), 10 men were given testosterone replacement therapy only: 3 times per 6 months, i.e. every 8 weeks they received Nebido 1000 mg/4 ml injections. Research methods: 1. International Physical Activity Questionnaire to obtain estimates of physical activity. 2. X – SCAN for body... [to full text]

Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is a pathological disorder that develops in males over the age of 40 and is diagnosed upon strict criteria that requires that the individual have total serum testosterone (T) below the normal limits as well as three symptoms of sexual dysfunction. Recommended therapy for young males with hypogonadism is testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). Treatment of LOH with TRT has increased significantly in the past several years, but studies showing adverse risks associated with TRT have led to a growing concern about the safety of such a treatment. This systematic review will give an overview of the pathology of LOH, clinical diagnosis of LOH, and comorbidities associated with this dysfunction. Benefits of TRT in elderly hypogonadal men have included improvement in cardiovascular function, reduced all-cause mortality, increased sexual function, increased bone mineral density, improved body composition, increased muscle strength, improved quality of life, and improvement in metabolic parameters. However, risks associated with TRT have included infertility, worsening lipid panel parameters, polycythemia, increased risk of prostate cancer, and in some cases, increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events.