Magister Psychologiae - MPsych / Substance use is a major problem in South Africa, particularly within the Western Cape. The problem of substance use is prominent amongst adolescents in low socio-economic-status communities, and these prevalence rates are increasing. Literature regarding the onset of substance use is often limited and inadequate. It is for this reason that the South African Substance Use Contextual Risk Instrument (SASUCRI) was developed and employed to assess factors which contribute to adolescent substance use. The SASUCRI is a measure of the individual and contextual factors associated with adolescent substance use. It was developed to be used in low socio-economic-status communities to identify adolescents at risk for substance use as well as communities in which these risk factors are present. The initial validation study reports on the validity evidence for this instrument. The initial study identified items to be rewritten to improve the validity of the instrument. It further recommended the inclusion of additional items to improve reliability in some sub-scales. This contributed to the current study. The purpose of this study was to pretest the new and revised items. The researcher pretested both the English and the Afrikaans’s revised sub-scales of the SASUCRI. The following sub-scales were pretested; “School as support” (6 items), “School as a stressor” (6 items), “Tolerance for soft drugs” (6 items), Hopelessness individual”(11 items) and “Hopelessness community” (5 items). The theoretical framework employed was the Multi-Component Approach. The framework guided the data collection, analysis and partially the discussion of the findings. The study was of a qualitative nature. Two schools were selected from low socio-economic status communities. The study had 32 high school learners who participated. There were 4 focus groups conducted in total.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / The late- to post-collisional Cape Granite Suite (CGS) located in the southwest of South Africa is comprised of S-, I-, and A-type granites, mafic intrusives, and volcanic flows. The CGS is interpreted to have formed during the closing of the Adamastor Ocean during the Late-Proterozoic to Early-Cambrian. Recently, the S-type granites have received much attention concerning their petrogenesis and sources. However, the I- and A-type granites remain poorly understood and little studied. Therefore, with new geochemical and isotopic data the petrogenesis, sources, and tectonic settings of I- (Vredenburg Batholith) and A-type (Cape Columbine) granites of the CGS form the focus for this study. The major and trace element data presented in this thesis show that the granites from the Vredenburg Batholith are weakly peraluminous to metaluminous, ferroan, and alkali-calcic. Associated with the granites are metaluminous, magnesian, and calc-alkalic igneous enclaves. Formerly, the granites have been interpreted to have formed by fractionation. However, with new geochemical analyses and reassessment of such models, it can be shown that such processes are incompatible with accounting for the chemical variation displayed by the granites and their enclaves. Moreover, the I-type granites and enclaves exhibit positive linear trends between whole-rock major and trace elements vs. maficity (Fe + Mg), which can be explained by co-entrainment of peritectic and accessory phases. The lithogeochemical characteristics of the enclaves and host granite reflect melting of a heterogeneous source. Moreover, the granite and enclave"s ?Nd(t) values reflect melting of Paleoproterozoic-aged crustal sources. Finally, with tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams, it can be shown that the tectonic setting of the granites indicates a transition from a collisional to extensional regime which corroborates the inferences of previous studies. The Cape Columbine Granites lithogeochemical characteristics are ferroan, calc-alkalic and weakly peraluminous. They show typical A-type granite characteristics in having high silica content, high Na + K values, REE enrichment as compared to S- and I-type granites and strong negative Eu anomalies. For this thesis, it can be shown that anatexis of quartzofeldspathic protolith in an extensional regime produced the chemical variation of the Cape Columbine Granite. Moreover, their isotope ratios are typically radiogenic, indicative of a crustal origin. With this new geochemical data evidence is provided against and in support of previous inferences made about the petrogenesis of the I- and A-type granites of the CGS. This also betters our understanding of the magmatic processes involved in the construction of the CGS over time.

Master of Public Health - MPH / Background: As South Africa’s HIV programme increases in size, increasingly complex HIV/TB cases occur that are often beyond the clinical scope of primary health care clinicians. In the Eastern Cape (EC) province, health facilities are geographically widespread, with a discrepancy of specialist availability outside of academic/tertiary institutions. The use of WhatsApp, a Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) application, could facilitate learning and mentoring of primary healthcare clinicians in peripheral facilities. The aim of this study is to describe this app and its use as an alternative learning tool to improve clinician access to specialized management of complicated HIV/TB cases, as part of Continuing Medical Education (CME). Method: A an observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among a group of clinicians from the EC province that formed part of a Wits RHI WhatsApp HIV/TB clinical discussion group from January 2016 to July 2017. Data was collected using a structured anonymous internet questionnaire, distributed to the clinicians that formed part of the WhatsApp group, informed consent being obtained from participants prior to completion. Data was analysed with Epi Info, using descriptive and analytic statistics. Frequency distributions and cross tabulations were generated and bi-variate analysis was done to determine significant associations between relevant variables.

Thesis (MEd)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. / This study investigates some of the factors affecting the adoption and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for curriculum delivery in selected private high schools in the Western Cape. In this 21st century, ICT has penetrated the society to the point that it is most likely to assume that the private high school in general, are effectively incorporating them (ICTs) in delivery of the curriculum. Regrettably, this assumption is not always true as revealed in most of the cases examined in this study. Instead, a lot of private high school teachers who were selected as participants or respondents in this study revealed that they are still facing critical challenges when they want to effectively adopt and use ICTs for curriculum delivery. While the previous studies have focused more on the ICT integration in pubic schools in disadvantaged communities, this study employed a mixed methods research design (that is both quantitative and qualitative research methods) to explore the factors affecting the adoption and use of ICTs in private high schools in the Western Cape Province. The two frameworks adopted in this study, the Teacher Development framework (DoE, 2007) and the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework guided the researcher in the analysis of the research findings. The study also used both deductive and inductive reasoning in the interpretation of the results. The results of the study show that despite the high level of appreciating the importance of ICT adoption and use in teaching and learning by private high school teachers in the Western Cape Province, there are still critical factors that continue to militate against the effective integration of technology in the classroom. The study revealed the following factors as critical regarding the effective adoption and use of ICTs in curriculum delivery: lack of skills, limited access to ICT resources, lack of technical support, shortage of class time, and lack of teacher motivation.

Thesis (MTech (Quality))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019. / Customer satisfaction is a topic of global interest in higher education and it also forms the backdrop of the research presented in this thesis. This study focuses on the employees (academics and non-academics) in the Faculty of Education at a South African university of technology (UoT) who play a key role in providing the services that their customers receive. The study is underpinned by the understanding that in order for the customer’s experience of service provision to be positive, a healthy relationship between the customer and the service provider is critical. The organization, in this case a higher education institution, has to have a sense of quality culture in order for the service provider to maintain a good relationship with a customer. Quality culture assessment can help to better understand complex organizational culture and its impact on service delivery. Quality culture assessment also helps to direct the implementation of organizational changes for better service delivery structures. The type of quality culture dominant in an organization may positively or negatively affect service quality, employee performance and motivation. As a result, the service delivery experience of the customer may be influenced. Quality culture affects the way in which employees interact with each other and with their customers. This study therefore, presents an inquiry into quality culture within a higher education context with the aim to evaluate quality culture within the Faculty of Education at a UoT using quality management principles (QMPs) as a framework. This study employed QMPs because of their increased effectiveness in enhancing customer satisfaction and improving customer loyalty. The quality management principles are: customer focus, leadership, engagement of people, process approach, improvements, evidence-based decisions and relationship management (ISO 9001, 2015:Online). This study used a quantitative research approach and was designed as a survey case study. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire that was disseminated to all the academic and non-academic staff in the Faculty of Education at the UoT. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used as a tool for data analysis. Findings in this study reveal that a safe working environment, communication between employees, communication between management and employees, in addition to good working relationships, may affect service quality in the Faculty of Education at the UoT. This implies that having a healthy working environment in an organization is beneficial for employees in order to perform their duties better and to provide quality services to their customers. In an organization with good quality culture, there is close cooperation between employees which leads to good service quality. If the institution under study is concerned with providing value to customers, it needs to consider improving customer value by formally applying QMPs throughout the organization. QMPs are central to the practice of quality management and service delivery. The findings of this study suggest that quality culture affects service quality in the Faculty of Education at the UoT as some of the quality management principles are lacking. This study recommends that the Faculty of Education have a closer look at improving communication between employees, communication between management and employees, in addition to encouraging good working relationships as well as an enabling environment that allows employees to work efficiently. It is also recommended that quality culture be on the Faculty of Education’s agenda in order to enhance the service delivery experience of customers. The Faculty of Education should support a quality culture environment by providing appropriate structures such as service delivery structures within their organizations. These structures may be needed in order to facilitate, maintain and show commitment of staff members towards a quality culture environment and service delivery. Furthermore, these structures may contribute to quality culture by introducing new shared values and behavioural norms that might facilitate the long-term success and well-being of the organization. It is also recommended that the institution under study formally apply quality management principles throughout the organization for the purpose of improving customer value, customer experience and meeting customer needs.

Many countries around the world are looking to tourism as a sustainable solution for economic development and many individuals seek business opportunities in the tourism industry. Researchers in the field of anthropology and other disciplines alike have recorded findings of the environmental, economic and cultural impacts of tourism development that are useful both to tourism promoters and new business developers. While there are a number of negative examples of environmental degradation, economic dependency and cultural exploitation resulting from tourism, there are so few positive models that scholars are now questioning whether tourism is a truly sustainable strategy for prosperity. In particular, ecotourism and nature-based tourism have burgeoned from a perceived prospect of increased environmental, economic and cultural sensitivity, but a watershed of criticism has followed in the wake of their emergence. Critics claim that what is touted as eco-sensitive is just another marketing strategy to attract more people to areas of the world vulnerable to hosting a growing number of guests. Overuse of the term ecotourism has parties involved at all levels of tourism development from host communities, to tourism planners, to scholars questioning what is sustainable ecotourism. Due to this ambiguity, a new term, conscientious tourism, is suggested as a euphemism in order to clarify what type of tourism most contributes to sustainability. Cape Scene magazine has evolved as a conscientious tourism product informing guests visiting South Africa how best to interact with the wildlife, environment and local people. The magazine has coupled interesting feature stories and helpful information on navigating around the Western Cape and Cape Town and includes a useful fold out map. The magazine reaches a broad audience of mass tourists, small group tourists and individuals and groups interested in nature, wildlife and cultural experiences. The magazine also informs readers of local conservation and community development projects ongoing in South Africa. This emphasis has created a conscientious tourism product that informs tourists of the country they are visiting while promoting conservation and social development causes that can be benefited by overseas awareness. As mass tourism will never completely give way to smaller conservation minded guided tour groups, the magazine helps to propel conscientious tourism by reaching out to even the most undiscerning holiday maker. The magazine was created by drawing on graduate internship experiences from coastal Oregon, the Micronesian island of Kosrae and Costa Rica. These internships give insights on how conservation, economic and cultural concerns have been and can be better addressed by local people and local businesses in an effort to work towards conscientious tourism and sustainable development. This thesis explores several ecotourism related projects encountered on the way to developing a conscientious tourism product, Cape Scene magazine. The existing body of tourism literature is considered in relation to the projects encountered and current work with Cape Scene magazine. / Graduation date: 2004

<p>The aim of this study was to determine the types of sport that are available for the learner with a physical disability in ordinary schools in the Western Cape and what prevents and facilitates participation in sport.</p>

Thesis (M.Tech: Tourism and Hospitality Management)--Tshwane University of Technology, 2012. / Looks at the nature of jazz festival tourists in South Africa, their motivations, behavioural intentions and how attendees can be effectively segmented in order to guarantee visitor satisfaction and loyalty.

The early industrialization and subsequent emergence of migrant labor system in South Africa disrupted conventional economic methods and social cohesion of society, particularly in the former rural homeland areas. Insufficient economic resources in villages pushed people to search for work in the urban areas. On the other hand, abundance of employment opportunities in the urban areas pulled people to venture into the cities. Apartheid control of out-migration from the rural areas added to this complexity. The system encouraged male migrants and placed restrictions on the migration of women to towns (Banks 2001:18). These conditions led to a host of social and economic problems that perpetuated poverty in rural areas. The coming to power of the African National Congress in 1994 has not significantly changed !hese dynamics. Two major problems emerged III rural areas. Traditional agriculture and livestock productions were replaced by heavy dependence of rural households on migrant remittances, which were often unreliable. Secondly, the migration of men forced rural women to develop their own strategies for income earning in order to support their families. In facing the challenges many women organized themselves into groups and made use of the available resources to establish income-generating projects (lGPs). Income generating projects are initiatives to generate income and employment in order to deal with the scourge of poverty. However, the projects are often too small to generate any meaningful income, particularly when viewed in relation to the time and effort invested on them. According to Muchena (1987:44), the projects are often within the realms ofwomen's traditional roles of sewing, knitting and baking. This study focuses on these projects. While IGPs sprung up as ways to alleviate poverty, there are questions as to their effectiveness. Mayoux (1989:1) states that, IGPs have not been economically viable, they have had serious problems and they have not achieved their aims. Despite this, women have continued to initiate and engage in such projects. Furthermore, men have also participated though to a lesser extent. / Thesis (M.T.R.P.)Architecture-University of Natal, 2002.

This thesis undertakes an in-depth study of the Mount Frere land claim. The study focuses on the impact of unsettled land claims in small rural towns of the former Bantustan on local spatial planning. There is no known evidence of similar studies done in small rural towns, therefore the study will contribute to the construction of body of knowledge. The study takes a case study method to analyse the impact of unsettled land claims. The analysis provides a platform for drawing possible policy recommendations in respect of urban land claims in small rural towns of the former Bantustans. The thesis central argument is that the delay of settling the land claims in the small rural towns of the former Bantustans has a negative impact on the local spatial planning. The poor local spatial planning results in an uncoordinated development which constrains development in general. The study argues that the law as it stands does not clarify the role of local municipalities during the process of land claim. The study will further argue that land restoration may not always be the appropriate relief for the claimants in the case of urban land claims in small towns. In the case of Mount Frere the municipality appears to have taken a confrontational approach towards the claimants as witnessed by the number of court cases opened against the claimants. This resulted on a breakdown of trust between the municipality and the claimants. The role of the land claims commission also appears to have contributed to the problems of delayed settlement of the claim. The municipality wants to oppose restoration but the municipality seems to be unaware of section 34 of the Restitution of Land Rights Act. It is argued that there is little focus on the land claims in the rural small towns of the former Bantustans and as such this is retarding development and investment on infrastructure and local economic development. The delayed settlement has also made land invasion and illegal sale of land to be rampant and benefiting individuals and not all the claimants in the process. / Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.