I dagens samhälle blir fler och fler enheter uppkopplade mot Internet vilket kan ge en annars begränsad hårdvara möjlighet att genomföra större beräkningar. Detta projekt avser att skapa ett system som hanterar en användares radarenheter i ett molnbaserat system. Systemet erbjuder även möjligheten att ladda upp användarens egna applikationer vilka använder data från radarenheten, körs på virtuella maskiner och vid behov har möjlighet att skicka notiser till användarens mobila applikationer. För att underlätta utveckling har systemet delats upp i tre delsystem. Dessa är radarenhet, molntjänst och mobilapplikation. Projektet resulterade i ett komplett system med en webbapplikation som erbjuder användaren möjlighet att registrera sina radarenheter, ladda upp källkod som kompileras och körs på en molntjänst samt möjlighet att skicka notiser till en mobilapplikation. / Todays age sees more and more devices connected to the internet providing otherwise quite limited hardware with the ability to perform more complex calculations. This project aims to create a system for managing a users radar devices using a cloud platform. The system also provides the ability for the user to upload their own custom applications which can make use of data provided by the radar device, run on virtual machines and if required have the ability to push notifications to the users mobile applications. To simplify the system development, it has been divided into three separate subsystems, specifically the radar device, the cloud service and the mobile application. The result of the project is a complete system with a web application which provides the user with the ability to register their radar device(s), upload source code which is compiled and run on the cloud platform and the ability to send push notices to a mobile application.

Présenté dans la littérature comme une nouvelle technologie, le Cloud Computing est devenu incontournable dans la mise en place et la fourniture des services informatiques. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le contexte de cette nouvelle technologie qui est en mesure de transformer la mise en place, la gestion et l’utilisation des systèmes d’information. L'adoption et la vulgarisation du Cloud ont été ralenties par la jeunesse même des concepts et l'hétérogénéité des solutions existantes. Cette difficulté d'adoption se manifeste par l'absence de standard, l'hétérogénéité des architectures et des API, le Vendor Lock-In imposé par les leaders du marché et des manques qui ralentissent la fédération. La motivation principale de la thèse est de simplifier l'adoption du cloud et la migration vers ses environnements et technologies. Notre objectif est de proposer des solutions d'interopérabilité et de fédération dans le Cloud. Le travail de recherche s’est aussi articulé autour de deux grands axes. Le premier concerne le rapprochement des réseaux du futur et des Clouds. Le deuxième axe concerne l'interopérabilité et la fédération entre solutions et services cloud. Une analyse de l’état de l’art sur le Cloud Computing et le Cloud Networking, a permis de confirmer des manques pressentis et de proposer deux architectures de fédération Cloud. La première architecture permet le rapprochement entre le Cloud Computing et le Cloud Networking. La seconde architecture facilite l'interopérabilité et le courtage de services Cloud. L'étude des deux architectures a fait ressortir deux composants primordiaux et essentiels pour assurer la fédération: une interface générique et un système d'échange de messages. Ces deux composants correspondent à deux contributions centrales de la thèse et reflètent l’ensemble des contributions (quatre au total) du travail de recherche / Presented in the literature as a new technology, Cloud Computing has become essential in the development and delivery of IT services. Given the innovative potential of Cloud, our thesis was conducted in the context of this promising technology. It was clear that the Cloud would change the way we develop, manage and use information systems. However, the adoption and popularization of Cloud were slow and difficult given the youth of the concepts and heterogeneity of the existing solutions. This difficulty in adoption is reflected by the lack of standard, the presence of heterogeneous architectures and APIs, the introduction of Vendor Lock-In imposed by the market leaders and the lack of cloud federation principles and facilitators. The main motivation for our PhD is to simplify the adoption of the cloud paradigm and the migration to cloud environments and technologies. Our goal has consequently been to improve interoperability and enable federation in the cloud. The thesis focused on two main areas. The first concerns the convergence of future networks and clouds and the second the improvement of federation and interoperability between heterogeneous cloud solutions and services. Based on our work in state of the art about Cloud Computing and Cloud Networking, we defined in this thesis two architectures for Cloud federation. The first architecture enables the merging (convergence) of Cloud Computing and Cloud Networking. The second architecture addresses interoperability between services and proposes cloud-brokering solutions. The study enabled the identification of two essential components for cloud federation, namely: a generic interface and a message exchange system. These two components have been two contributions of our thesis. The proposed federation architectures and these two components summarize the four major contributions of our work

In this thesis, we compare the energy efficiency of various strategies of mobile computation offloading over stochastic transmission channels where the task completion time is subject to a latency constraint. In the proposed methods, finite-state Markov chains are used to model the wireless channels between the mobile devices and the remote servers. We analyze the mechanisms of efficient mobile computation offloading under both soft and hard latency constraints. For the case of soft latency constraint, the task completion could miss the deadline below a specified probability threshold. On the other hand, under a hard deadline constraint, the task execution result must be available at the mobile device before the deadline. In order to make sure the task completes before the hard deadline, the hard deadline constraint approach requires concurrent execution in both local and cloud in specific circumstances. The closed-form solutions are often obtained using the broad Markov processes. The GE (Gilbert-Elliott) model is a more efficient method for demonstrating how the Markov chain’s structure can be used to compute the best offload initiation (Hekmati et al., 2019a).The effectiveness of the algorithms is studied under various deadline constraints and offloading methods. In this thesis, six algorithms are assessed in various scenarios. 1) Single user optimal (Zhang et al., 2013), 2) LARAC (Lagrangian Relaxation Based Aggregated Cost) (Zhang et al., 2014), 3) OnOpt (Online Optimal) algorithm (Hekmati et al., 2019a), 4) Water-Filling With Equilibrium (WF-Equ), 5) Water-Filling With Exponentiation (WFExp) (Teymoori et al., 2021), 6) MultiOPT (Multi-Decision Online Optimal). The experiment demonstrates that the studied algorithms perform dramatically different in the same setting. The various types of deadline restrictions also affect how efficiently the algorithms use energy. The experiment also highlights the trade-off between computational complexities and mobile energy savings (Teymoori et al., 2021).

<p dir="ltr">This research defined requirements for a "Community Cloud" computing model and evaluated multiple Kubernetes schedulers to determine an optimal approach to implementing the model.</p>

An emerging IT delivery model, Cloud Computing, can significantly reduce IT costs and complexities while improving workload optimisation and service delivery. More and more organisations are planning to migrate their existing systems into this internet-driven computing environment. This investigation is proposed for this purpose and will be undertaken with two main aims. The first aim is to establish a general framework and method to assist with the evolution of legacy systems into and within the Cloud environment. The second aim is to evaluate the proposed approach and demonstrate that such an approach can be more effective than developing Cloud services from scratch. The underlying research procedure of this thesis consists of observation, proposition, test and conclusion. This thesis contributes a novel evolution approach in Cloud computing. A technical solution framework is proposed through a three-dimensional software evolution paradigm, which can cover the relationships of software models, software functions and software qualities in different Cloud paradigms. Finally, the evolved service will be run in the Cloud environments. The approach framework is implemented by three phases: 1) legacy system analysis and extraction, which proposes an analysis approach to decide the legacy system in the Cloud environment and to adopt the techniques of program slicing with improved algorithm and software clustering for extracting legacy components. 2) Cloud-oriented service migration including evolving software into and within Cloud. The process of evolving software 'INTO' Cloud can be viewed mainly as changing software qualities on software models. The process of evolving software 'WITHIN' Cloud can be viewed mainly as changing software functions on software models, the techniques of program and model transformation and software architecture engineering are applied. 3) Cloud service integration, which integrates and deploys the service in the Cloud environment. The proposed approach is proved to be flexible and practical by the selected case study. Conclusions based on analysis and future research are discussed at the end of the thesis.

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The role of clouds in reflecting solar radiation to space and thereby reducing surface heating is of critical importance to climate. Combustion processes that produce greenhouse gases also increase cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations which in turn increase cloud drop concentrations and thereby cloud albedo. A calculation of cloud susceptibility, defined in this work as the increase in albedo resulting from the addition of one cloud drop per cubic centimeter (as cloud liquid water content remains constant), is made through satellite remote sensing of cloud drop radius and optical thickness. The remote technique uses spectral channels of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument on board the NOAA polar orbiting satellites. Radiative transfer calculations of reflectance and effective surface and cloud emissivities are made for applicable sun and satellite viewing angles, including azimuth, at various radii and optical thicknesses for each AVHRR channel. Emission in channel 3 (at 3.75 μm) is removed to give the reflected solar component. These calculations are used to infer the radius and optical thickness giving the best match to the satellite measurements. The effect of the atmosphere on the signal received by the satellite is included in the analysis. Marine stratus clouds are a focus of this work. As well as being important modifiers to climate, they are cleaner than continental clouds and so likely to be of higher susceptibility. Analysis of several stratus scenes, including some containing ship tracks, supports this expectation.

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