This study, a document analysis with a qualitative approach, explores children, under 18years, who have been subject to measures of child welfare in the city of Malmö during theyears 1935-1937. It also explores the school's role in this context. The questions that the studyis guided by is: How was children described in the Child Welfare documents in Malmö duringthe years 1935-1937? And what role did the school have in Child Welfare work and whatmotivated this? The theoretical approaches are Foucaults theories of power, control anddisciplining.It appears from the study that the school and child welfare authorities had a close cooperationwith the purpose to control the upbringing and disciplining of the children. It was through theupbringing that the deviant child would become a "normal", docile and good, industriouscitizen. The school, as well as the board, had to shoulder a part of the upbringing when theparents skills in their upbringing of the children was questioned by society.This study can hopefully provide knowledge and understanding of our social history, it mayhelp us to understand the great changes that have occurred and what is still unchanged.

The thesis called 'Individual planning and its effect on activation in retirement homes' is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part discusses the old age and the changes and problems that can accompany it. Further it deals with senior people's needs and the basic principles of communication with elderly people. The second chapter focuses on retirement homes as a social service. The third chapter describes the importance and the process of individual planning. The last chapter of the theoretical part contains information about activating people in retirement homes, its possibilities and importance. The practical part shows the use of individual plans and biographical sheets of retirement homes' clients in practice. It contains case histories of senior citizens and examples of documentation. The aim of the work is to link the theory with practical findings, to describe the importance of individual planning and its connection to all the elements of care, and to describe the positive effects of activation and individual approach in working with elderly people. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The thesis deals with the issue of nursing care in old people's homes. Given the improving medical and nursing care and also the prevention of diseases, the human life extends. This leads to the aging of population. Therefore, it is essential to understand this issue, its interconnection with nursing care, but also to find the right approach to the elderly in residential facilities providing social services. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with old age and aging, behavioural changes in old age, specifics of communication with the elderly, long-term care for the elderly, care for a man in nursing homes. It deals with the work of nurses in old people's homes and with their education. Five objectives were set within the framework of the research. The first objective was to determine areas of nursing care, in which the nurses working in old people's homes have most problems. The second objective was to find out how the nurses manage physical strain. The third objective was to determine how the nurses manage psychical strain. The fourth objective was to find out what theoretical knowledge and practical skills the nurse must have. The fifth objective was to identify possibilities of further training for nurses working in old people's homes. Qualitative research was applied in the empirical part of the thesis. The method of non - standardized interview was used. The research group consisted of 10 nurses who work in residential facilities for the elderly in old people's homes. To process the interviews, the open coding technique was applied - a paper-and-pencil method. To complement psychical resilience of nurses, S.O.C questionnaire by A. Antonovsky was used. There were 42 questionnaires used in the research. The interviews with the respondents showed that the work of a nurse in homes for the elderly is physically and mentally demanding. And it is obvious that nurses feel the mental strain as more damaging. The physical demands are connected with the state of the client and his diseases but also with the space limitations of homes and night shifts. The mental burden is caused by similar factors and also by the family of the client, specifics of the communication with the elderly, cooperation with the hospital, working atmosphere, responsibility and keeping records. Next important factor that negatively influences mental state of the nurses is a lack of prestige and recognition of their work. Even though the nurses feel both types of stress, most of them cope with it without problems and they try to restore their balance in their leisure time. The conclusions of the thesis also point to the high demands and wide range of expertise and skills required from the nurses when providing care. Even specialized procedures are carried out in homes. Nurses must know how to communicate, handle conflict situations, co-operate with colleagues from different fields. Great emphasis is placed on independence in evaluating the health state of the client while ensuring the nursing care. The nurse must have personal qualities for work with the elderly. Another important component of their work is their knowledge and practical skills in the field of social work theoretically backed by the Act 108/2006 Coll.

This dissertation concerning the theme "A comparison of the Contact and HRQOL concept in clients of nursing/old people´s homes" consists of a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part firstly defines in detail the concept of the quality of life and the quality of life related to health (HRQoL ? health related quality of life). It also describes various methods of its evaluation. The next charter deals with the problems of aging and changes which arise with increasing age and are associated with a deteriorating health condition, as well as with situations and circumstances which may reset in a chase in the perception of the quality of life. The dissertation takes a closer look at the stay of elderly in some institutions for the elderly. The theoretical part compares the results obtained from elderly clients in an old people?s home using standardised SF-36 and Contact questionnaires. The SF-36 questionnaire is designed to measure the quality of life related to health and the Contact questionnaire serves to ascertain the frequency of contact between family and friends ant he elderly client. Data from both questionnaires were evaluated statistically and drawn up in the form of tables and graphs. This research showed a reduced perception of the quality of life of clients living in old people?s homes compared with the standard European population. In most domains of the quality of life there was no significant difference between clients with various frequency of contact with family and friends, and no difference was found n the evaluation of the quality of life between men and women.

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