Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2001. / Adviser: Marjorie G. Hahn. Submitted to the Dept. of Mathematics. Includes bibliographical references (leaves44-46). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-107).

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-33).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1996. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. [180]-188).

The reliable construction of VLSI integrated circuits (ICs) requires that the ICs be tested after fabrication. An alternative to performing external testing is to create ICs that can test themselves with a built-in self-test (BIST) mode. Unfortunately the problem of embedding a self-test operating mode to the functional design is difficult for two reasons. (1) The creation of test sets that effectively test digital circuits requires the solution of several intractable problems. (2) The hardware resources dedicated to self-test are usually constrained. Modifications to the Logic III hardware description language and a new computer-aided design (CAD) tool, 1g3, are presented in this dissertation as an environment that allows BIST embedding to be created and evaluated. The major premise behind this work is that BIST design can be treated in a similar fashion as functional design, and that the designer can address the constraints of a BIST mode at the same time as the functional constraints. The modified language, called Logic III(UVic), allows BIST embeddings to be specified by an embedding module which describes how the circuit's memory elements are realized. This dissertation presents a library of embedding modules that realize several of the most common BIST architectures. Case studies using this environment are presented for an ALU, CORDIC, GCD, and string matching circuits. A BIST mode with almost 100% single stuck-at fault coverage is realized for each circuit. This shows that the CAD environment can be used to create self-testing circuits. In addition to aiding users in embedding BIST functionality, the 1g3 tool can be used to evaluate specific BIST architectures. Properties of BIST test pattern generators are presented that are used in analyzing the effectiveness of the generators for delay-fault testing. A novel approach based on creating a deterministic finite automaton that recognizes the fault-free responses is presented. / Graduate

Orientador: André Koch Torres de Assis / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T22:24:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magnaghi_CenoPietro_M.pdf: 1798569 bytes, checksum: 62e401ce133a73f1825555b3f9f5ed39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Apresentamos os aspectos essenciais da vida e da obra de Arquimedes. Incluímos os pontos principais da história da sua obra intitulada Método sobre os Teoremas Mecânicos, endereçada a Eratóstenes, desde a sua redação até os tempos modernos. Enfatizamos os aspectos físicos contidos neste livro, em particular, o centro de gravidade e a lei da alavanca. Depois apresentamos os aspectos matemáticos necessários para acompanhar as demonstrações de Arquimedes: álgebra geométrica, aplicação das áreas, teoria das proporções e as seções cônicas (parábola, elipse e hipérbole). Discutimos detalhadamente a essência física do método de Arquimedes. Com este objetivo apresentamos as demonstrações físicas de seus teoremas no qual utiliza alavancas em equilíbrio sob a ação gravitacional terrestre. Fazemos uma tradução completa a partir do texto grego de sua obra Método sobre os Teoremas Mecânicos. Incluímos diversos comentários, alguns Apêndices técnicos e matemáticos, assim como uma ampla Bibliografia ao final da tese / Abstract: We present the main aspects of the life and works of Archimedes. We include some important topics in the history of his work The Method of Mechanical Theorems, addressed to Eratostenes, from the period in which Archimedes wrote it up to the modern times. We emphasize the physical aspects contained in his book including the center of gravity and the law of the lever. We present the mathematical topics which are required in order to follow Archimedes¿s demonstrations: geometric algebra, application of areas, theory of proportions and conic sections (parabola, ellipse and hyperbola). We discuss at length the physical essence of Archimedes¿s method. To this end we include the physical demonstrations of his theorems in which he utilized levers in equilibrium under the gravitational action of the Earth. We make a complete Portuguese translation from the Greek of his book The Method of Mechanical Theorems. We include comments, some technical and mathematical Appendices, together with a large Bibliography at the end of the thesis / Mestrado / Física Geral / Mestre em Física

This thesis investigates various theorems on polynomials over the rationals, algebraic numbers, algebraic integers, and quadratic fields. The material selected in this study is more of a number theoretical aspect than that of an algebraic structural aspect. Therefore, the topics of divisibility, unique factorization, prime numbers, and the roots of certain polynomials have been chosen for primary consideration.

For many years, accounting discourse has been concerned with the measurement of attributes of accounting events. The concept of measurement forms one of the central pillars on which the preparation of financial statements is based. For example, financial statements can only be prepared if economic events meet the definition of an element of the financial statements and have a cost or value that can be measured with reliability. This has created the belief that accounting practices are practices of measurement. The principles of measurement require that every process of measurement be based on an appropriate theory of measurement. Given the belief in the accounting discipline that accounting practices are synonymous with practices of measurement, it is to be assumed that acceptable theories of measurement exist in the discipline. However, over the decades, researchers in this field have been unsuccessful in creating an acceptable theory of accounting measurement. This suggests that there is a gap between the accounting concept of measurement and the scientific principles of measurement. The main goals of this thesis are to determine whether the concept of measurement in accounting is in harmony with the principles of the representational theory of measurement and to develop a conceptual model of the accounting measurement problem. Representational theory establishes measurement in the social sciences. Accounting is regarded as a social science. This study applies the principles of the representational theory of measurement to determine the nature of the gap between the accounting concept of measurement and the principles of this theory. The very fact of referring to accounting as a measurement discipline implies the presence of an established and well-known theory of measurement in that discipline: a discipline cannot be referred to as a measurement discipline without the existence of such a theory. Therefore, the lack of success of researchers in creating a theory of accounting measurement suggests that accounting is not a measurement discipline and that accountants are currently unaware of this. To test this hypothesis: 1. A critical literature analysis was conducted, investigating whether the accounting concept of measurement is in harmony with the principles of the representational theory of measurement. The results of this analysis indicated that the accounting concept of measurement is not in harmony with the principles of the representational theory of measurement. 2. A questionnaire was sent to accountants, testing whether they were familiar with the principles of the representational theory of measurement and their application to the accounting discipline. The results of the survey indicated that accountants are not familiar with the principles of the representational theory of measurement or their application to the accounting discipline. The main contributions of this study lie in the fact that it reveals that current accounting practices are not in harmony with the principles of representational measurement. Accountants should be educated in the purpose of the principles of measurement in the social sciences in order to ensure their proper application during accounting measurement. / Thesis (DCom)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Financial Management / unrestricted

A study to deduce some fundamental properties of power series.

Reciprocity is a fundamental physical precept that governs wave propagation in a wide variety of physical domains. The various reciprocity theorems state that the response of a system remains unchanged if the excitation source and the measuring point are interchanged within a medium, and are closely related to the concept of time reversal symmetry in physics. Lorentz reciprocity is a fundamental characteristic of linear, time-invariant electronic and photonic structures with symmetric permittivity and permeability tensors. However, breaking reciprocity enables the realization of nonreciprocal components, such as isolators and circulators, which are critical to electronic, optical and acoustic systems, as well as new functionalities and devices based on novel wave propagation modes. Nonreciprocal components have traditionally relied on magnetic materials such as ferrites that lose reciprocity under the application of an external magnetic field through the Faraday Effect. The need for a magnetic bias limits the applicability of such approaches in small-form-factor Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible integrated devices. One of the main features of CMOS technology is the availability of high-speed transistor switches which can be turned ON and OFF, modulating the conductance of the medium. In this dissertation, a novel approach to break Lorentz reciprocity is presented based on staggered commutation in Linear Periodically-Time-Varying (LPTV) circuits. We have demonstrated the world’s first CMOS passive magnetic-free nonreciprocal circulator through spatio-temporal conductivity modulation. Since conductivity in semiconductors can be modulated over a wide range (CMOS transistor ON/OFF conductance ratio at Radio Frequency (RF)/millimeter-wave frequencies is as high as 103-105), commutated LPTV networks break reciprocity within a deeply sub-wavelength form-factor with low loss and high linearity. The resulting nonreciprocal components find application in antenna interfaces of wireless communication systems, connecting the Transmitter (TX) and the Receiver (RX) to a shared antenna. This is particularly important for full-duplex wireless, where the TX and the RX operate simultaneously at the same frequency band and need to be highly isolated in order to maintain receiver sensitivity. Multiple fully-integrated full-duplex receivers are demonstrated in this dissertation that best show the synergy between the physical concept and application-based implementations by using circuit techniques to benefit the system-level performance, such as TX-side linearity enhancement and co-design and co-optimization of the antenna interface and the RX and utilization of the multi-phase structure of our antenna interfaces for analog beamforming in multi-antenna systems. Finally, this dissertation discusses some of the fundamental limits of space-time modulated nonreciprocal structures, as well as new directions to build nonreciprocal components which can ideally be infinitesimal in size. A novel family of inductor-less nonreciprocal components including circulators and isolators have been demonstrated that achieve a wide tuning range in an infinitesimal form-factor. This family of devices combine reciprocal and nonreciprocal modes of operation, through the transfer properties of fundamental and harmonics of the system and enable a wide variety of functionalities.