• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Sequential Expression of NKCC2, TonEBP, Aldose Reductase, and Urea Transporter-A in Developing Mouse Kidney

Lee, Hyun Wook, Kim, Wan Young, Song, Hyun Kuk, Yang, Chul Woo, Han, Ki Hwan, Kwon, H. Moo, Kim, Jin 01 January 2007 (has links)
This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that, during renal development, the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter type 2 (NKCC2) activates the tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) transcription factor by creating medullary hypertonicity. TonEBP, in turn, drives the expression of aldose reductase (AR) and urea transporter-A (UT-A). Kidneys from 13- to19-day-old fetuses (F13-F19), 1- to 21-day-old pups (P1-P21), and adult mice were examined by immunohistochemistry. NKCC2 was first detected on F14 in differentiating macula densa and thick ascending limb (TAL). TonEBP was first detected on F15 in the medullary collecting duct (MCD) and surrounding endothelial cells. AR was detected in the MCD cells of the renal medulla from F15. UT-A first appeared in the descending thin limb (DTL) on F16 and in the MCD on F18. After birth, NKCC2-positive TALs disappeared gradually from the tip of the renal papilla, becoming completely undetectable in the inner medulla on P21. TonEBP shifted from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in both vascular endothelial cells and MCD cells on P1, and its abundance increased gradually afterward. Immunoreactivity for AR and UT-A in the renal medulla increased markedly after birth. Treatment of neonatal animals with furosemide dramatically reduced expression of TonEBP, AR, and UT-A1. Furosemide also prevented the disappearance of NKCC2-expressing TALs in the papilla. The sequential expression of NKCC2, TonEBP, and its targets AR and UT-A and the reduced expression TonEBP and its targets in response to furosemide treatment support the hypothesis that local hypertonicity produced by the activity of NKCC2 activates TonEBP during development.
2

Rôle des claudines dans les jonctions serrées de la branche large ascendante corticale de l’anse de Henle / Role of claudins in thick ascending limb of Henle’s loop

Figuères, Marie-Lucile 22 September 2017 (has links)
Les claudines sont des protéines des jonctions serrées qui déterminent la perméabilité ionique paracellulaire. La branche large ascendante corticale de l’anse de Henle (cBLAH) exprime plusieurs claudines (en particulier claudine-10b, -14, -16 et -19). Les mutations inactivatrices des claudines-16 et -19 sont responsables du syndrome FHHNC chez l’Homme, caractérisé par une perte de calcium et de magnésium par un défaut de réabsorption dans la BLAH. En l’absence de modèle in vitro adapté, les fonctions des claudines dans la cBLAH restent méconnues, ainsi que l’action des déterminants de la réabsorption du calcium et du magnésium qui y sont exprimés : récepteur de la PTH (PTH1R) et Casr. L’objectif de ce travail était de contribuer à combler ces lacunes. Nous avons montré que la claudine-16 était requise pour une perméabilité paracellulaire aux cations divalents normale dans la cBLAH murine, grâce à l’étude des souris claudine-16-/-. La claudine-16 n’affecte pas les autres perméabilités ioniques, ce qui est concordant avec le phénotype d’inactivation de la claudine-16 chez l’Homme. En condition basale, la claudine-14 est indétectable. Les flux calciques ne sont pas augmentés chez les souris claudine-14-/-. Nous avons décrit le premier cas de mutation inactivatrice de la claudine-10b chez l’Homme, à l’origine d’un syndrome de Bartter et de déficits de sécrétion salivaire et sudorale et conclu que la claudine-10 augmente la perméabilité paracellulaire au sodium. Nous avons également étudié le rôle de Casr et du récepteur de la PTH (PTH1R) dans le contrôle de la perméabilité ionique de la cBLAH murine. La stimulation de la réabsorption du calcium par l’inhibition du Casr ou l’activation du PTH1R ne nécessite pas la présence de la claudine-16. En revanche, la claudine-16 est nécessaire pour le contrôle de la réabsorption de magnésium par ces deux déterminants. Ces résultats sont en faveur d’un contrôle séparé des absorptions de calcium et magnésium, et remettent en cause le concept du rôle central de claudine-14. Notre projet nous a également permis de décrire un nouveau mécanisme d’atteinte des jonctions serrées, d’origine auto-immune, par anticorps anti-claudine-16 chez un patient. Si l’origine de cette atteinte est inconnue, ce modèle soulève de nouvelles questions sur les conséquences de l’inactivation de la claudine-16 dans la BLAH, le phénotype du patient étant différent du syndrome FHHNC (absence de néphrocalcinose en particulier). Ce travail nécessite d’être complété par une étude plus approfondie des mécanismes contrôlant la fonction des claudines en réponse au calcium et au magnésium extracellulaires et à la PTH. / Claudins are integral membrane proteins expressed at tight junctions, which determine paracellular permeability to ions. The thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (TALH), expresses several claudins (including claudin-10b, -14, -16, -19). Inactivating mutation of claudin-16 and -19 cause familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC), a renal tubular disorder featuring a severe defect in paracellular divalent cation transport in the TALH. Due to the lack of appropriate study model, both the function of claudins and the role of potential regulatory factors, such as the PTH receptor PTH1R and the calcium receptor CaSR, are only partially known. The purpose of the study was to contribute to fill this gap. We studied several models of claudin inactivation (claudin-16-/- and claudin-14-/- mice, human inactivating mutation of claudin-10b). We demonstrated that claudin-16 was required for normal paracellular permeability to calcium and magnesium in the TALH, but did not affect the permeability to other ions; this was consistent with the known features of FHHNC syndrome. In basal conditions, claudin-14 is not detectable and calcium reabsorption is not increased in claudin-14-/- mice. We described the first inactivating mutation of claudin-10b in Humans, causing a Bartter syndrome and defects in sweat and saliva secretions; we concluded that claudin-10b increases paracellular permeability to sodium. We studied the role of Casr and PTH1R, as determinants of paracellular permeability in the mouse TALH. Casr inactivation or PTH1R activation could increase calcium absorption in the absence of Claudin-16. By contrast, both conditions did not change magnesium transport in the absence of Claudin-16. These results suggest that calcium and magnesium absorptions can be differentially controlled in the TALH; in addition, they challenge the hypothesis of a central role of Claudin-14. Finally, we described for the first time an autoimmune disease affecting tight junction in the TALH, due to anti-claudine-16 autoantibody. The phenotype of this patient differed from that of patients with FHHNC syndrome (no nephrocalcinosis) and raised new questions about the pathogenesis of claudin-16 inactivation. More data on the effect of extracellular calcium and magnesium, PTH1R and Casr on the function of tight junction in the TALH are warranted.

Page generated in 0.1023 seconds