PipeSynth is a design automation approach that combines various optimization research and artificial intelligence methods for synthesizing fluid networks. Starting with only the port locations, PipeSynth generates and optimizes the most effective network for a given application. This ideal network is found by not only optimizing the sizes of each pipe and orientation of fittings in the network (parameters), but also optimizing the layouts of how they are all connected (topology). Using Uniform-Cost-Search for topology optimization, and a combination of non-gradient based parametric optimization methods,PipeSynth demonstrates how advances in automated design can enable engineers to manage much more complex fluid network problems. PipeSynth uses a unique representation of fluid networks that synthesizes and optimizes networks one pipe at a time, in three-dimensional space. PipeSynth has successfully solved several problems containing multiple interlaced networks concurrently with multiple inputs and outputs. PipeSynth shows the power of automated design and optimization in producing solutions more effectively and efficiently than traditional design approaches. / text

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Les procédés de fabrication additive sont en pleine essor ces dernières années. De nombreux industriels cherchent à évaluer leur potentiel et leurs avantages. Ces nouvelles technologies impliquent des changements au niveau des manières de fabriquer mais également au niveau des manières de concevoir. Ce travail de thèse s’est intéressé à ce second aspect et apporte plus particulièrement des réponses à la question de recherche suivante :Quel guide méthodologique suivre pour une étude dont le but est de reconcevoir des pièces afin de s’approcher de l’optimum en termes de masse ?Pour traiter cette question, le problème a été abordé au regard de plusieurs questions sous-jacentes afin de combler les manques identifiés dans l’état de l’art réalisé que ce soit sur les problématiques du paramétrage de l’optimisation topologique ou sur celles des techniques de reconstruction. Nous avons réalisé plusieurs études de cas afin de pouvoir répondre à ces différentes questions et pouvoir ainsi lister les points critiques. Ce travail de thèse a été réalisé en partenariat avec un acteur de l’aéronautique : Zodiac Seats France. Ceci nous a permis de réaliser des études de cas sur des pièces existantes qui possédaient un certain niveau de complexité. Parmi ces études de cas, nous avons distingué deux types d’étude :- Une étude élémentaire pour effectuer des boucles rapides en faisant varier les choix et- Une série d’études industrielles pour regarder s’il y a convergence ou divergence entre les conclusions de l’étude élémentaire et des cas d’applications plus complexes.Puis, nous avons donné une description détaillée d’une méthode de conception pour la fabrication additive basée sur 5 grandes phases :- l’évaluation de la pièce candidate ou des pièces,- la modélisation,- l’optimisation topologique : obtention d’une forme de géométrie,- la reconstruction de la pièce à partir du résultat de l’optimisation topologique et intégration des contraintes de fabrication- l’optimisation dimensionnelle : affiner les dimensions de la géométrie reconstruite.A ces phases, viennent s’ajouter des étapes de contrôle via des analyses éléments finis. Cette démarche s’est construite autour d’observations faites lors du déroulement des études de cas. Pour chacune de ces phases, un ensemble de recommandations a été défini pour aider le concepteur dans l’obtention d’une pièce optimale en termes de masse. Enfin, nous avons donné ce descriptif de la méthode à un concepteur relativement novice pour avoir un nouveau regard sur celle-ci et pouvoir ainsi identifier des points à améliorer. A l’issue de ce travail de conception, ce concepteur a pointé plusieurs points manquants ainsi que plusieurs faiblesses dans l’argumentaire du guide méthodologique. Ses observations et son opinion, nous ont permis de prendre du recul vis-à-vis de notre travail.Les apports majeurs de ce travail de thèse sont :- La description détaillée d’une méthode composée de 5 grandes phases- Dans cette démarche, nous avons dénombré plusieurs étapes clés : une étape préliminaire d’évaluation du potentiel des pièces à reconcevoir au regard de la fabrication additive et plusieurs phases d’optimisation complémentaires (topologie et dimensions),- La mise en avant de l’importance de bien délimiter le périmètre de l’étude (pièce isolée ou dans le mécanisme),- L’identification des étapes au cours desquelles les contraintes de fabrication devront être intégrées- Le positionnement du concepteur au cœur de la méthode : les outils numériques permettent de ne réaliser qu’une partie du travail de conception. / Additive manufacturing processes have been growing in recent years. Many industries seek to assess their potentials. These new technologies involve changes in terms of manufacturing but also in terms of designing. This work is interested in this second aspect. It brings answers to the following research question:What methodological guide to follow for a study whose goal is to redesign pieces in order to approach the optimum in terms of mass?To answer to this question, the problem is decomposed into several sub questions. These questions must fill the identified lacks in the state of the art, and deal with topological optimization parameters or reconstructions techniques for example. Several case studies are realized to answer to these sub questions and to list the critical points. This work is realized in partnership with an aerospace company: Zodiac Seats France. This allowed us to work on existing parts which have a certain complexity level. Two types of studies can be distinguished:- Basic study: to experiment different strategies and to make variation on the parameter choices rapidly.- Practical study: to check on more complex cases if there is a convergence with basic study conclusions.Then, a detailed description of a design method for additive manufacturing is provided. It is composed in 5 phases:- Evaluation of parts potential.- Model of parts.- Optimization of parts with topological optimization tools: obtaining the shape of the parts.- Reconstruction of parts from the topological result: integration of manufacturing constraints.- Optimization of reconstructed parts with dimensional optimization tools: refinement of the dimensions of reconstructed parts.Between these phases, checked step are added, based on finite element analysis. This method is built on practical observations obtained from the different case studies. For each phase, a set of recommendations is provided to help designers to design lightweight parts. Finally, this descriptive method is given to a novice designer to have the method tested. The aim of this test is having a new vision on this detailed method and identifying points to be improved. At the achievement of this design work, the designer noticed several missing points as well as several weaknesses in the method argument. His observations and his opinions gave us to take a step back from our work.The major contributions of this work are:- The description of a detailed method in 5 large phases.- In this method, there are several key steps : 1 step of evaluation of parts potential with regard to additive manufacturing as well as two complementary steps of optimization (shape and dimensions)- The perimeter of the parts study must be delimited clearly (isolated parts or in the mechanism),- The identification of the stages in which the manufacturing constraints have to be integrated- The position of the designer to the method heart: digital tools realize only one part of the design work.

Master’s thesis deals with an issue of 3D printing and of using a topological optimization for editing a shape of a 3D printed product. First part of this thesis provides a general description of a subtractive manufacturing technology, specifically its use in CNC milling machines, and of an additive manufacturing technology which is used in 3D printing. Second part of this thesis describes the topological optimization per se and specific methods which are used in the topological optimization. In the third and the fourth part of this thesis, topological optimization modules of software Ansys and SolidWorks are described. In the fifth part of this thesis, the topological optimization capabilities for 3D printed product on a specific embodiments of a design lightning and a cross-beam are demonstrated.

Submitted by Maria Cristina (library@lncc.br) on 2017-05-02T18:47:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Machado.pdf: 522761 bytes, checksum: 871b43ac7f8d7aae60a30b8371cf5898 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Cristina (library@lncc.br) on 2017-05-02T18:47:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Machado.pdf: 522761 bytes, checksum: 871b43ac7f8d7aae60a30b8371cf5898 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-02T18:48:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Machado.pdf: 522761 bytes, checksum: 871b43ac7f8d7aae60a30b8371cf5898 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) / In structural optimization, the obtained results must be robust in relation to uncertainties, whether they arise from the probabilistic nature of the variables or those inherent to the resistance of the materials, for example. Traditionally, uncertainties in structural design were taken into account by using safety factors. Nevertheless, it is well known that the safety factor approach can be limited in a wide variety of cases or yields to conservative designs. For this reason, several authors proposed different approaches to address optimization problems subject to uncertainties, such as robust topology optimization and reliability-based topology optimization. In this work, we present an alternative approach for robust topology optimization considering a point-wise worst case scenario. We also study reliability-based structural topology optimization problem under stress constraints. In addition, in order to apply an approach for uncertainty based optimization into a non-linear problem, we investigate the deterministic structural topology optimization problem subject to unilateral contact condition. / Em otimização estrutural os resultados obtidos devem ser robustos em relação a incertezas, sejam elas oriundas da natureza probabilística das variáveis de trabalho ou àquelas inerentes à resistência dos materiais, por exemplo. Classicamente, levar em conta incertezas em um projeto de estruturas significa utilizar um fator de segurança. No entanto, tal abordagem pode ser bastante restritiva em uma grande variedade de casos ou ainda conduzir a resultados muito conservadores. Este fato tem levado ao desenvolvimento de diferentes metodologias de otimização estrutural tais como otimização robusta e otimização baseada em confiabilidade. Neste trabalho objetiva-se apresentar uma abordagem alternativa para o problema de otimização robusta de estruturas levando em consideração otimização no pior cenário, além de estudar o problema de otimização topológica estrutural baseada em confiabilidade com restrição em tensão. Além disso, a fim de aplicar técnicas de otimização considerando incertezas num problema não linear é estudado o problema determinístico de otimização topológica de estruturas sujeitas a condição de contato unilatera

Submitted by Maria Cristina (library@lncc.br) on 2017-05-04T14:31:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CinthiaLopesTeseVersaoFinal.pdf: 1204191 bytes, checksum: b3284e9c8c1229fa89ebac50ffc465ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Cristina (library@lncc.br) on 2017-05-04T14:31:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CinthiaLopesTeseVersaoFinal.pdf: 1204191 bytes, checksum: b3284e9c8c1229fa89ebac50ffc465ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-04T14:31:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CinthiaLopesTeseVersaoFinal.pdf: 1204191 bytes, checksum: b3284e9c8c1229fa89ebac50ffc465ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) / The topological derivative was rigorously defined by Sokolowski and Zochowski in 1999. Since then it has been shown as an important tool for solving different kind of problems such as: topology optimization, inverse problems, image processing, multiscale constitutive modeling, fracture mechanics sensitivity analysis, damage evolution modeling and contact problems sensitivity analysis. The topological derivative is obtained from the asymptotic analysis of classic solutions to boundary value problems in singularly perturbed domain, together with asymptotic analysis of shape functionals with respect to the parameter that governs the size of the topological perturbation. In this work, the topological derivative concept is applied in the context of compliant mechanisms design with stress constraints and topology optimization of structures subject to contact condition and given friction. Compliant mechanisms are mechanical devices composed by one single peace that transforms simple inputs into complex movements by amplifying and changing their direction. Hence they are easy to manufacture at a very small scale such microtools has been applied in different contexts including microsurgery, cell manipulation and nanotechnology processing. In this work, a new approach based on the topological derivative concept to deal with the design of compliant mechanisms is proposed. This approach consists in introducing a von Mises stress constraint to the problem which naturally avoids hinges and provides mechanisms that satisfy resistance and functionality criteria. Contact problems are naturally nonlinear and their main difficult comes out from the fact that the effective contact area is not known a priori. Since the problem is non-linear, the domain decomposition technique together with the Steklov-Poincaré pseudo-differential boundary operator are used for asymptotic analysis purposes with respect to the small parameter associated with the size of the topological perturbation. As a fundamental result, the expansion of the strain energy coincides with the expansion of the Steklov-Poincar\' operator on the boundary of the truncated domain, leading to the associated topological derivative. Finally, the obtained result is applied in a case study that consists in the topology optimization of an eyebar belonging to an eyebar-chain of the Hercílio Luz Bridge in Florianópolis - SC, Brazil. / A derivada topológica foi rigorosamente definida por Sokolowski e Zochowski em 1999 e, desde então, tem se mostrado uma importante ferramenta para o tratamento de diferentes problemas, dentre os quais destacam-se: otimização topológica, problemas inversos, processamento de imagens, modelagem constitutiva multiescala, análise de sensibilidade à fratura mecânica, modelagem de evolução de dano e análise de sensibilidade para problemas de contato. A derivada topológica é obtida a partir da análise assintótica de soluções clássicas para problemas de valores de contorno em domínios singularmente perturbados, combinada com a análise assintótica de funcionais de forma com relação ao parâmetro que governa o tamanho da perturbação. Neste trabalho, o conceito de derivada topológica é aplicado no contexto de síntese de mecanismos flexíveis com restrição em tensão e otimização topológica de estruturas sujeitas a condição de contato unilateral e atrito dado. Mecanismos flexíveis são estruturas mecânicas compostas por apenas uma peça (estruturas monolíticas) capazes de transformar uma dada força de entrada em um movimento de saída, de acordo com a resposta desejada. Devido à facilidade de produção em escalas milimétricas ou até micrométricas, este tipo de estrutura tem sido utilizada em diferentes aplicações, tais como microcirurgia, manipulação de células, circuitos microeletrônicos. No presente trabalho, uma nova abordagem baseada no conceito de derivada topológica é proposta para tratar o problema de otimização topológica de mecanismos flexíveis. Esta abordagem consiste em introduzir uma restrição na tensão de von Mises ao problema, o que elimina o surgimento de juntas flexíveis, conduzindo a mecanismos que atendem simultaneamente aos critérios de resistência e funcionalidade. Problemas que envolvem condição de contato são naturalmente não lineares e sua principal dificuldade está em não se conhecer, a priori, a área de efetivo contato. Por conta de sua natureza não linear, a técnica de decomposição de domínio em conjunto com o operador pseudo-diferencial Steklov-Poincaré são utilizados para fins de análise assintótica com respeito ao parâmetro que governa o tamanho da perturbação topológica. Como resultado fundamental, a expansão da energia de deformação coincide com a expansão do operador Steklov-Poincaré sobre a fronteira do domínio fictício, o que conduz à derivada topológica associada. Finalmente, este resultado é aplicado em um estudo de caso que consiste na otimização topológica de um olhal pertencente a uma cadeia de olhais da Ponte Hercílio Luz, localizada em Florianópolis - SC.

Structural optimization is achieving the best objective function from a predefined medium, well bounded by constraints. Optimization methods have been utilized on different engineering applications to minimize the conceptual design effort that creates the necessity of new optimization techniques. Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) is a topological optimization algorithm, which is defined as removing of inefficient elements from a design domain. ESO stress based method is applied to linear elastic, isotropic aircraft components for multiple load case. The bulk structure is modeled and discretized into three dimensional solid hexahedron or tetrahedron mesh, afterwards constraints, load and boundary conditions are defined in MSC.PATRAN. MSC.NASTRAN is utilized as finite element solver. The stress results are collected and evaluated by program developed in MICROSOFT VISUAL BASIC. The elements which are below the stress limit are eliminated. The remaining elements are operated after increasing the stress limit. The iteration process continued until prescribed rejection ratio is reached. Well known examples in literature are solved using program code and similar results are obtained which is a check for the code developed. Four generic aircraft components, the clevis, the lug, the main landing fitting and power control unit fitting were structurally optimized. The stress distribution in optimized results and existing aircraft designs are compared.

Orientador: Marco Lucio Bittencourt / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T20:24:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_CarlosEduardoLeite_D.pdf: 2868659 bytes, checksum: 90d7fda0b66989796767d36726984af4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: No presente trabalho, tem-se como objetivo realizar a otimizacao topológica em problemas de elasticidade envolvendo não-linearidade geométrica (grandes deslocamentos e rotações) e não-linearidade de material, no caso, hiperelasticidade não-linear quasi-incompressível, aplicando o conceito de Análise de Sensibilidade Topológica (AST) através de uma formulação Lagrangiana total. A AST é caracterizada por uma função escalar, denominada Derivada Topológica, que fornece para cada ponto do domínio de definição do problema a sensibilidade de uma determinada função quando um pequeno furo é criado no domínio. Assim, considerando a impossibilidade em se obter uma solução analítica para os problemas considerados no presente trabalho, uma expressão aproximada da Derivada Topológica é obtida através de uma análise assintótica numérica para o problema envolvendo somente não-linearidade geométrica e posteriormente para o problema envolvendo hiperelasticidade não-linear quasi-incompressível. Resultados numéricos para ambos os tipos de problema e as limitações quanto à aplicabilidade da Derivada Topológica aproximada obtida para tais problemas são apresentados / Abstract: The aim of the present work is to optimize the topology of elasticity problems with geometric nonlinearities (large displacement and rotation) and material nonlinearities, in this case, nonlinear nearly-incompressible hyperelasticity applying the concept of Topological Sensitivity Analysis (TSA) and a total Lagrangian formulation. The TSA results in a scalar function, denominated Topological Derivative, that gives for each point of the domain the sensitivity of a given cost function when a small hole is created. As an analytical solution is impossible for the considered problems in the present work, an approximated expression for the Topological Derivative is obtained by numerical asymptotic analysis first for geometric nonlinearities and after for nonlinear nearly-incompressible hyperelasticity. Numerical results for both problems and the limitations of the approximated Topological Derivative are presented. / Doutorado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-27T13:23:56Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gustavo Henrique Jesus Mesquita - 2016.pdf: 1893414 bytes, checksum: b18598c3179586967bc12f642386c3f1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-27T13:24:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gustavo Henrique Jesus Mesquita - 2016.pdf: 1893414 bytes, checksum: b18598c3179586967bc12f642386c3f1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T13:24:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gustavo Henrique Jesus Mesquita - 2016.pdf: 1893414 bytes, checksum: b18598c3179586967bc12f642386c3f1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The aim of this work is to propose a methodology of application of the FEM and topology optimization technique as tools of analysis and optimal design of mechanical systems subject to natural and forced vibrations in order to reach the optimal geometry of a dynamic absorbing of vibrations. It presents the mathematical reasoning and develop a program in Matlab® that implements the topology optimization technique will be employed to generate the optimal material distribution ( layout ) continuous mechanical systems without external excitation and subject to harmonic forces with preset frequency. / Propõe-se uma metodologia de aplicação do MEF (Método dos Elementos Finitos), juntamente com uma técnica de otimização topológica como ferramenta de análise e projeto ótimo de sistemas mecânicos sujeitos a vibração forçada. Em particular, chega-se à geometria ótima de um absorvedor dinâmico de vibrações contínuo. Apresenta-se a modelagem matemática, além de se desenvolver um código em Matlab® que implementa a técnica de otimização topológica por distribuição de material aplicado a sistemas mecânicos contínuos com excitação externa e harmônica de tal forma que a menor frequência natural seja predefinida.

The master's thesis deals with the analysis of the current version of the trolley and the docking station of the channel racks and the design of modifications. The theoretical part describes the components of the storage channel system. There is also explained principle of pallet storage in this part. In the following chapter, several variants of the design of the lifting mechanism of the lifting platform are elaborated. The work also presents static structural analysis of the current version of the trolley and docking station, parametric study and topological optimization of one of the components. Static structural analyzes were partially solved in the finite element software RFEM by Dlubal Software s.r.o company, and mainly in the software ANSYS Workbench 2020 R2 by ANSYS, Inc. company.