<p> This thesis examines the change in housing tenure in the City of Toronto. The trends of tenure are described briefly between 1951 to 1971, for the city, as well as for the CMA. Specifically examined is the period from 1971 to 1988, in the City of Toronto. </p> <p> There is a continual decline in the rate of home ownership from 1951 to 1971, even though the absolute number of homeowners is increasing. This can be seen in the city, as well as the suburbs, and outlying areas. The overall decline in the rate may be due to the apartment boom of the 1960's, which can be associated with the baby boom from a few years earlier. Also suburbanization was occurring which certainly had an effect on home ownership. </p> <p> Similarly, ownership rates continued to decline between 1971 to 1986, although the absolute numbers were higher than tenants, and was steadily increasing. Gentrification and condominium construction certainly was associated with this absolute increase in home ownership. A closer look at the city reveals certain census tracts are increasing in home ownership at a higher rate than others. By looking at certain demographic characteristics, it is possible to see the changing social geography of these areas. </p> <p>The period 1986 to 1988 incurred tremendous condominium construction. The city during this time increased in ownership rates. Changing lifestyles and desires of the people living in the city caused a demand for condominiums. </p> <p> It is important to examine these trends and patterns of the city and the outlying areas to be kept informed of the changing social and economic geography of the city. </p> / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning; and, (M. Arch. in Advanced Studies)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Bibliography: leaves 179-184. / by Mohamed Iqbal Hoosen. / M.C.P.

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This case study of Covenant House, an emergency shelter for street kids in downtown Toronto, focuses on the experiences that draw kids into youth shelters and that drive them out. The analysis stresses the importance to street kids of feeling "cared for". Street kids were drawn to Covenant House because they felt cared for there by its open intake policy, appealing facilities (clean surroundings and good food), and staff who listened to and were interested in their problems. But residents were rather swiftly turned off by its rigidly enforced, elaborate and "uncaring' rule structure, and either walked out or got kicked out. Given the limited alternatives in Toronto's "shelter world", however, Covenant House has become the preferred choice for street kids who find themselves in a cycle of entering, leaving and returning.

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This thesis is a comparative, data-based analysis of the labour market experiences of the Italian and Jewish populations of Toronto at the end of the 1970s, beginning of the 1980s. It also provides historical and empirical information on the emergence and development of ethnic enclaves, and assesses whether such distinct enclave economies constitute channels for upward mobility for the Italian and Jewish individuals who participate in them. / The historical findings provide evidence for the distinctiveness of an enclave labour market within these two ethnic communities. The empirical evidence reveals however, that participation in the enclave economies is quite low for Toronto's Jewish and Italian communities. The evidence does not indicate that participation in the enclave is associated with either economic benefits or losses. However, informal networks and ethnic ties have strong positive effects on enclavic participation.

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