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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

In-Vivo Corrosion and Fretting of Modular TI-6AL-4V/CO-CR-MO Hip Prostheses: The Influence of Microstructure and Design Parameters

Gonzalez, Jose Luis, Jr 16 April 2015 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of corrosion and fretting in 48 retrieved titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium and/or cobalt-chromium-molybdenum modular total hip prosthesis with respect to alloy material microstructure and design parameters. The results revealed vastly different performance results for the wide array of microstructures examined. Severe corrosion/fretting was seen in 100% of as-cast, 24% of low carbon wrought, 9% of high carbon wrought and 5% of solution heat treated cobalt-chrome. Severe corrosion/fretting was observed in 60% of Ti-6Al-4V components. Design features which allow for fluid entry and stagnation, amplification of contact pressure and/or increased micromotion were also shown to play a role. 75% of prosthesis with high femoral head-trunnion offset exhibited poor performance compared to 15% with a low offset. Large femoral heads (>32mm) did not exhibit poor corrosion or fretting. Implantation time was not sufficient to cause poor performance; 54% of prosthesis with greater than 10 years in-vivo demonstrated none or mild corrosion/fretting.
2

Tribologie et vieillissement de prothèses totales de hanche en biocéramique, in vitro = in vivo ? Enjeux scientifique et sociétal / Tribology and ageing of bioceramic total hip prostheses, in vitro = in vivo? Scientific and societal issues

Perrichon, Armelle 20 January 2017 (has links)
La performance du couple prothétique tête fémorale/cupule impacte fortement la durée de vie d’une prothèse totale de hanche. Les céramiques affichent une excellente combinaison de propriétés de biocompatibilité, mécaniques et tribologiques. Les composites ZTA formés d’une matrice d’alumine renforcée en zircone sont optimisés pour offrir le meilleur compromis de dureté, stabilité chimique, ténacité et résistance mécanique. La prédiction de la performance de ces matériaux doit prendre en compte les trois principaux modes de dégradation identifiés en configuration céramique/céramique (CoC) : le choc avec décoaptation, le frottement et le vieillissement à basse température. Ces modes sont susceptibles d’être simulés in vitro à partir de tests expérimentaux, respectivement, sur une machine de chocs, un simulateur de marche et en autoclave. L’objectif de ce projet est de combiner ces tests afin de mieux résoudre l’équation in vitro = in vivo. Les chocs dominent les processus de dégradation avec la formation de bandes d’usure. Le matériau testé a montré une excellente résistance au vieillissement. La dégradation induite par le test d’usure standard sur simulateur de marche est négligeable et pose la question de la pertinence de ce test pour les couples CoC. L’importance de la prise en compte des chocs dans les tests expérimentaux a été confortée grâce à une analyse d’explants. Une transformation de phase de la zircone a été mécaniquement induite dans les bandes d’usure créées in vitro et in vivo. Un mécanisme de dégradation a été suggéré au sein de ces bandes. La réponse du matériau est en partie déterminée par la force appliquée au cours des chocs. / The performance of the prosthetic couple (femoral head/cup) influences strongly the lifetime of a total hip prosthesis. Ceramics exhibit an excellent combination of biocompatibility, mechanical resistance and tribological properties. Zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) composites are made of an alumina matrix and well dispersed zirconia particles. They are tailored in order to offer the best compromise of hardness, chemical stability, toughness and mechanical resistance. The prediction of the performance of such materials must take into consideration the three main sources of degradation identified for Ceramic-on-Ceramic (CoC) bearings: shocks due to micro-separation, friction and low temperature degradation (LTD). Experimental tests on a shock machine, a hip-walking simulator and in an autoclave are able to simulate in vitro each of these sources of degradation, respectively. The aim of the project is to combine these tests in order to solve better the equation in vitro = in vivo. Shocks dominate the processes of degradation with the formation of wear stripes. The tested material showed an excellent resistance to LTD. The damage induced by the standard wear test on a hip-walking simulator is negligible, which raises the question about the relevance of this test for CoC couplings. An analysis of explants confirmed the decisive role of shocks in experimental tests. Zirconia phase transformation was mechanically induced within both in vitro and in vivo wear stripes. A degradation mechanism was suggested within the stripes. The material response is partly determined by the force applied during shocks.

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