The thesis is focused on plays of preschool children with toy cars and dolls in kindergarten. The work is based especially on the activity theory. According to it the game is an essential activity of children and it has an influence on their development. Knowing that the game can be beneficial for children, I set as the main objective of the work to find out which actions with toys are performed and which areas they may develop. The work is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part presents basis of the work. It contains four main chapters which deal with the preschool period, toy and play in a child's life and play from the perspective of the activity theory. The qualitative research is described in the empirical part. The main method for acquiring data was observation. I observed 30 plays total that were analyzed subsequently. Interviews were conducted as additional method. The research sample consisted of 15 children. On the basis of play analysis I have found out that toys were used individually or in the gender homogeneous groups. Gender mixed play was observed only in two cases during a play with car/train toys. Boys played both with car toys and dolls. Girls played with dolls, they did not choose car toys on their own. From the viewpoint of the play content the...

Play with toy car from activity psychology approach This master thesis is aimed at play of preschool children with toy cars. A theoretical base for my research is the activity psychology perspective, which states that play is the leading activity of development in a preschool period. Following this thought, in my thesis I tried to find out, how can the preschool development be leaded by play with toy cars. My thesis contains theoretical and empirical part. In theoretical part I focus on a preschool period and the role of play in it. In this part I also distinguished the activity psychology approach and its concept of play. In empirical part I introduce my own qualitative research aimed at analysis of car toys observed in preschool facility. Based on analysis of play activities to partial units I discovered that toy car play provided motoric, cognitive and social development. What seemed to be important in all three areas was that children purposely complicated their games, which created higher demands for their skills and abilities. Children in their games impersonated various social roles, which included the whole system of activities and relations to other social roles. The rules of their games were mostly implicit and were connected to activity or role which a child impersonated.

Nowadays, the use of robots in industrial tasks is growing constantly. However, manual assembly is one area that is hard to make fully automated since manual assembly operations work with different shapes and products that require human finesse to do some operations. Humans, on the other hand, have a lot of limitations since this kind of task can be unergonomic and repetitive for operators, which can cause them stress, fatigue, repetitive stress injuries(RSI), and repetitive motion injuries. This project involved designing an insert for the gripper 2F-85 (version 3) that would allow the collaborative robot (UR5) to carry out more assembly tasks in order to relieve human workers of repetitive tasks. The insert has to handle cylindrical shapes in addition to bigger parts that the actual insert cannot handle due to its parallel stroke. For that, a detailed market analysis and insert research were conducted in the initial study. The new insert was then developed using a double-diamond design process. The needs were ranked using the Moscow prioritization method, and ideas were then generated using the brainstorming technique. The final concept was chosen using the weighted decision matrix method. After the final concept selection, computer-aided design (CAD) technology was employed to create the new insert's 3D model and its technical specifications. The mechanical behaviour of the new insert was analysed to reflect its range of workability, expressing the maximum force that it can withstand on each of its grip work surfaces without presenting plastic deformation. For this study, finite element analyses were conducted following the general method for linear structural analysis using Abaqus. Achieving an insert that can reach, transport, and assemble different shapes will help integrate collaborative robots into manual assembly processes, avoiding the cost of a new gripper.