The main aim of the diploma thesis is to identify and quantify influence of institu-tional and political environment on inflows of foreign direct investment in transi-tion economies. The reference period is primarily between 2002 and 2012. The basic indicator of the institutional environment is the concept Governance Matters of World Bank. Regression and correlation analysis is used for quantifica-tion. Results of regression models for transition countries, due to the increasing empirical evidence supporting and generalization of conclusions, are compared with the results for Middle Income Countries. The discussion is divided into three parts. First the differences in influence of institutional environment on inflows of FDI in transition economies and OECD countries are analysed, then differences between the groups of post-socialist countries are evaluated and the third part is focused on importance of democratic and authoritarian regimes in the Balkans states and the former Soviet republics.

The author of this thesis examined the impact of explanatory variables related to the value of human capital on the level of distribution of income in the countries of Europe divided into developed and transitional economies, by way of a regression analysis of panel data. The model has been enriched by other variables that also have impact on the level of income inequality on the basis of the literature review and they also help to understand the issue more closely. The indi-vidual groups of countries were compared, on the basis of the results of the models and on the basis of the coefficients of the individual explanatory variables. The author identified the differences and he pointed out the possible causes of the direction of action for both types of economies. The author also found out that individual economies differ amongst themselves in tertiary education, urbanization and ageing of the population to the level of income inequality. The author deduced appropriate economical recommendations.

Práce se zabývá problematikou dobývání renty. Konkrétně vymezuje teoretická východiska dobývání renty a analyzuje jednotlivé způsoby ovlivňování vládních představitelů, převážně lobbying a korupci. Odpovídá na otázku, v čem spočívají neefektivnosti při ovlivňování vládních představitelů zájmovými skupinami a jak je možné tyto činnosti eliminovat nebo minimalizovat jejich negativní dopad na společnost. Analytická část práce vymezuje hlavní příčiny odlišných měr korupce v České republice a na Slovensku na počátku 90. let a porovnává úspěšnost provádění antikorupčních politik v těchto zemích.

This thesis deals with the changes in gender wage differences in transition economies. The aim is to assess the effect of changes economic system on gender wage differences in seven countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which have undergone a change of economic system at the turn of the 80s and 90s of the 20th century. Four Western European countries are used as a control group. The data used in this thesis are ISSP data, which are part of the International Social Survey Programme. The research is based on calculations of hourly wage rates of men and women in each country. Other parts of the thesis are wage regressions to assess differences in pay between men and women.The analyzes suggest that the change of the economic system in the transition countries don't have a major impact on reducing the wage gap between men and women.

This thesis deals with informal institutions and the phenomenon of path dependence ant its impact on economic performance. The aim is to evaluate the effect of path dependence on economic growth in transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe.The theoretical part provides a survey focused on formal and informal institutions, path dependence and the relationship between institutional framework of economies and economic performance. The second part contains socio-economic characteristics of CEE economies which include formal institutions and cross-country analysis with the inclusion of institutional variables conceptualizing informal institutions. The final part evaluates the influence of path dependence in countries of CEE.

The diploma thesis focuses on inflation targeting in central Europe. It describes experience of three central European countries (Czech republic, Poland, Hungary) with inflation targeting. First part of thesis deals with theoretical aspects of inflation targeting. Next part brings closer look at application of inflation targeting in above - mentioned countries. Last part of thesis analyzes efficiency of inflation targeting.

The basic aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the predictive ability and accuracy of the existing and until now created corporate models predicting financial distress and verification of multinational force models. Partial goals must be filled to meet the basic objective and therefore the theoretical part is especially mapping models used and developed in the Czech Republic and other European economies, of which the emphasis is primarily on the former transition economies. These now post-transition economies have passed a similar political and economic development as the Czech Republic, and therefore prediction models created and used there could be transferable to the environment of the Czech economy and Czech companies whose financial health and conditions are assessed. The practical part is based on the author's own research, which is dedicated to the evaluation of prediction models when applied to Czech business entities differentiated according to belonging to a particular industry branch. During the models' evaluation the emphasis is on the fact whether they are national (Czech) or foreign models.

This thesis focuses on the development of credit to the private sector in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. Although the speed of credit growth in these countries has recently slowed down as the consequence of the global financial crisis, the overall increase in credit to the private sector over the past decades has been immense. As a result, the thesis examines whether this substantial increase in credit is linked to the convergence of the CEE countries towards the equilibrium or whether it represents an excessive credit growth that could threaten the macroeconomic and financial stability in these countries. We estimate the equilibrium credit levels for 11 transition countries by applying a dynamic panel data model. Since in-sample approach may bias the estimation results we perform the estimates out-of-sample using a panel of selected developed EU countries as a benchmark. The difference between the actual and estimated credit-to-GDP ratios serves as a measure of private credit excessiveness. The results indicate a slightly excessive or close to the equilibrium credit-to-GDP ratios in Bulgaria, Estonia, and Latvia prior to the financial crisis. With regard to the significant decline in GDP during the crisis this measure of credit excessiveness in these countries have further increased.

This thesis examines the method of forcing in set theory and focuses on aspects that are set aside in the usual presentations or applications of forcing. It is shown that forcing can be formalized in Peano arithmetic (PA) and that consis- tency results obtained by forcing are provable in PA. Two ways are presented of overcoming the assumption of the existence of a countable transitive model. The thesis also studies forcing as a method giving rise to interpretations between theories. A notion of bi-interpretability is defined and a method of forcing over a non-standard model of ZFC is developed in order to argue that ZFC and ZF are not bi-interpretable. 1

The thesis provides information on rarely discussed issues -Czech outward foreign direct investments. The theoretical parts contains a brief overview of major theories and methodology of outward internationalization processes. The main hypothesis that deals with this issue is so called "investment development path" paradigm (IDP). This model explains why countries at a lower development stage first host foreign direct investments and why and when they start investing abroad. The practical part concentrates mainly on history, trends and role determining outward foreing direct investments of Czech enterprises. The major source for the analyses in this part is based on Czech National Bank data, Czech Statistical Office data and relevant scientific researches. This part also describes investment strategy of Czech companies - ČEZ a.s, Zentiva N.V. and Škoda-Auto a.s.The last chapter is engaged in applying IDP theory on case of Czech Republic.