Through the use of natural history records, published literature, and personal sampling (2011-2016) a total of 454 caddisfly species represented by 24 families and 93 genera were documented from the south-central United States. Two Hydroptilidae species were collected during the 2011-2016 collection efforts that are new to the region: Hydroptilia scheringi and Mayatrichia tuscaloosa. Eightteen species are endemic and 30 are considered species of concern by either federal or state agencies. The majority of each of these groups is Hydroptilidae, or microcaddisflies. Trichoptera community structure, by minimum number of species, was analysed in conjunction with large-scale geographical factors to determine which factor illustrated caddisfly community structure across the region. Physiographic provinces compared to other geographic factors analyzed best-represented caddisfly communities with a minimum of 10 or more species. Statistically, Hydrologic Unit Code 4 (HUC 4) was the most significant geographical factor but low number of samples representing this variable rendered it less representative of caddisfly community structure for the study area.

Orientador: Marcos Gomes Nogueira / Banca: Alaide A. Fonseca Gessner / Banca: Virgínia Sanches Uieda / Resumo: Os rios de pequeno e médio porte são os ecossistemas aquáticos altamente representativos no estado de São Paulo que, tendo a maior produção econômica e maior densidade demográfica do país, sofre com a intensa degradação ambiental. A análise integrada das características da água, do sedimento e da comunidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos e fundamental para a determinação da qualidade dos ambientes lóticos. 0 presente trabalho buscou avaliar características limnológicas gerais da água e sedimento, bem como a fauna de macroinvertebrados bentônicos dos principais rios do município de Botucatu e região (Capivara, Lavapés, Araquá e Pardo). Os estudos foram feitos em dois períodos do ano: chuvoso (março/2007) e seco (setembro/2007). A largura, profundidade, vazão e temperatura da água aumentaram no sentido jusante; a velocidade, transparência da água e oxigênio dissolvido foram maiores nos trechos à montante; a luminosidade foi total na maioria das estações de amostragem e o pH foi ácido em todos os rios estudados. As estações que sofrem maior impacto de fontes de poluição (rio Lavapés e Araquá) apresentaram os maiores valores de condutividade elétrica, material em suspensão (orgânico e inorgânico), nitrogênio total, nitrato, nitrito, amônia fósforo total, fosfato total dissolvido (orgânico e inorgânico), DBO e coliformes termotolerantes. A maior concentração de silicato foi encontrada no rio Capivara e está relacionada com os intensos processos erosivos na bacia. No período chuvoso a condutividade elétrica, turbidez, material em suspensão foram maiores, enquanto que a clorofila- a foi maior no período seco. Foram encontrados 151 táxons e abundância máxima de 116.481 ind/m2 . Chironomidae apresentou a maior riqueza, seguido... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Rivers and streams of low and medium orders are among the most important aquatic ecosystem of Sao Paulo. This State has the highest economical production and demographic density of the country. Thus, these environments are under severe degradation. Integrated analyses of water, sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates are essential in the assessment of freshwater quality. This study aimed to assess the environmental quality and structure of benthic macroinvertebrates of the main rivers and streams of Botucatu (SP) (Capivara, Lavapes, Araqua and Pardo) and adjacent region. The fieldwork was carried out in rainy (March/207) and dry (September/2007) seasons. Channel width, depth, water velocity and temperature increased towards the rivers mouth. Velocity, water transparency and dissolved oxygen were higher in the upstream sampling stations, light penetration was total in most sampling stations and pH was acid in all studied streams. The most impacted sampling stations, basically by pollution sources (Lavapés and Araquá Rivers), exhibited the highest values of electric conductivity, suspended matter (organic and inorganic), total nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, total dissolved phosphorus (organic and inorganic), BOD and thermotolerant coliforms. Higher silicate concentrations were observed in Capivara stream and were related erosive processes in the basin. Electric conductivity, turbidity and suspended matter were higher in the rainy season and chlorophyll in the dry season. A total of 151 taxa, and a maximum abundance of 116,481 indom-2 , were observed. Chironomidae had the highest richness of taxa, followed by Trichoptera, Oligochaeta and Ephemeroptera. Chironomidae was also the most abundant group, followed by Oligochaeta and Ephemeroptera. Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera Trichoptera and Chironomus gr. decorus were the best (bio) indicators of the environmental conditions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Litter input from riparian tree cover brings organic matter and nutrients to streams and is a driving factor of stream communities and food webs. In particular, changes in the composition and cover of riparian forests could affect stream light conditions as well as the amount and quality of terrestrial litter inputs. In northern Swedish landscapes, riparian zones of headwater streams are dominated by coniferous species, and current forest management guidelines suggest that we should prioritize greater deciduous cover in streamside forests to promote the ecological condition of streams. In this study, I investigated how deciduous forest cover in riparian zones may influence the composition and diversity of macroinvertebrate communities in boreal headwater streams. Macroinvertebrates from samples collected at eight streams ranging from spruce- to birch-dominated riparian zones were sorted, identified to family, and used to generate metrics describing taxonomic richness, community composition, and functional feeding groups. Correlation analysis showed no statistical relationship between riparian deciduousness and macroinvertebrate richness across sites, although evenness decreased with deciduous cover. Indeed, variation in some community metrics (e.g., the % herbivores) were more closely linked to water chemistry (e.g., pH) than to local riparian composition. While this study is limited by the low statistical power and lack of seasonal resolution, results suggest that other catchment properties may influence how boreal stream communities respond to local riparian cover.

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