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abstract: This document is comprised of an arrangement and recording of Giuseppe Tartini’s “Devil’s Trill” Sonata for solo violin, and includes historical background, an exploration of Italian ornamentation, and a structural analysis. The original work was written for violin and basso continuo. The author was inspired to create this arrangement for solo violin based on accounts that Tartini liked to perform this work unaccompanied. The first three chapters focus on events from Tartini’s early life that influenced his compositional style. Chapters four and five provide an overview of Italian ornamentation, and explore five documents that were used to support decisions in creating the arrangement: Giovanni Luca Conforto’s The Joy of Ornamentation; Giuseppe Tartini’s Traité des Agréments de la Musique; Letter to Signora Maddalena Lombardini; Regole; and L’Arte dell Arco. Chapter six provides a structural analysis of the Sonata. The appendices illustrate the process of creating the arrangement. The arrangement takes into consideration the composite of the original solo and basso continuo parts. In addition, a set of realized ornaments is provided on an ossia staff. The recording includes both the primary arrangement, presented in each initial section, as well as the realized ornaments, presented in each repeated section. / Dissertation/Thesis / Tartini "Devil's Trill" Sonata: Movement I / Tartini "Devil's Trill" Sonata: Movement III / Tartini "Devil's Trill" Sonata: Movement II / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2019

The Spanish voiced alveolar multiple vibrant consonant /r/, or trill, is often regarded as one of the most difficult sounds in the Spanish phonological inventory for second language (L2) learners. Trills are particularly difficult segments because of their exacting articulatory requirements for production. The highly restricted gestural and aerodynamic configuration required to successfully produce trills could lead to non-native trills automatically being native-like once acquired by learners, unlike other segments which generally show measurably gradient approximation of native values over time. This study employed two experiments to investigate the characteristics of L2 acquisition of Spanish /r/ by adult native speakers of English. The first experiment broadly surveyed the frequency of trill production at four levels of proficiency and among a comparison group of native speakers of Mexican Spanish when trills were the target segments in words. This experiment was designed to show the rate of trill frequency at different learner-levels and to compare it with the rate at which native speakers produce trills. A pattern of increasing ability to produce trills as proficiency level increased was found, as was a pattern of substitution of the alveolar tap as an intermediate strategy among learners who had ceased to transfer American English <italic>r</italic> but who had not yet acquired the ability to produce trills consistently. The second experiment investigated the aerodynamic properties of successfully produced trills to see if the trills of learners who had acquired the ability to produce trills displayed different physical properties from native speakers' trills. Patterns of both "categorical" and "gradient" acquisition were found. On the several measures studied, non-native trills showed patterns of acquisition in which their trills either were immediately native-like, acquired with non-native-like properties which fossilized with no further improvement, or showed gradient improvement in the direction of nativeness as proficiency level increased.

An unique Czech fricative thrill - /ř/ - was studied mainly by Dr. Hála and Dr. Chlumský in the first half of the twentieth century. The methods employed were rather simple and the experiments were done on limited sample size. We decided to revisit and extend the results with electropalatography (EPG). Four female and three men participated in the experiments that were based on reading aloud voiced and voiceless /ř/ in various contexts. We dedicated a short part to dynamic characteristics of /ř/ and focused predominantly on the area of linguopalatal contact. We described the points of linguopalatal contact during /ř/ with adjusted anteriority index (CA). The possible factors affecting the CA are discussed. We scrutinized the differences in CA depending on selected factors for the whole group and each participant. The data suggest that thrill /ř/ occurs in the alveolar area. Anteriority index was chiefly dependent on voicing /ř/, type of the read material and also differed among various speakers.

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This dissertation builds on the common notion that Beethoven's music sounds inward by grounding this impression analytically. The chapters frame Beethoven's music in terms of inward, outward, and liminal spaces. Inward spaces are slow, lyrical, formally enclosed, and harmonically distant, and they often appear under the aura of what I call a "modulating trill" or a "diffused theme." Drawing on Schmalfeldt's references to inwardness, I describe outward spaces as inward moments that "radiate outward" and note that these restore tonal stability, lost thematic material, and bass notes that had once disappeared. Finally, liminal spaces are passages that quickly juxtapose inward and outward moments, and thus they seem to exist at the cusp between these two spaces. I examine how these passages evolve throughout entire pieces, typically withdrawing deeper within.

are used. In the theoretical part I analyse some basic network protocols and their gradual development, VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol, MPLS protocol and other. There are described parameters for the design of new networks and the models networks and their various are used, the network with a new architecture and a software-defined network (SDN),too. The practical part deals with designed laboratory exercises for teaching students. The laboratory experiments are always divided into several tasks. They are formed even students ignorant or less familiar with the issue could configure and test it.

are used. In the theoretical part I analyse some basic network protocols and their gradual development, VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol, MPLS protocol and other. There are described parameters for the design of new networks and the models networks and their various are used, the network with a new architecture and a software-defined network (SDN),too. The practical part deals with designed laboratory exercises for teaching students. The laboratory experiments are always divided into several tasks. They are formed even students ignorant or less familiar with the issue could configure and test it.

Le cloud computing est un modèle informatique donnant accès à un grand nombre de ressources de calcul et de stockage. Trois types de cloud existent, le cloud public, le cloud privé et le cloud hybride. Afin de proposer une solution cloud hybride, nous utilisons le protocole TRILL qui permet d'optimiser l'utilisation des ressources réseau d'une infrastructure. Cependant, TRILL ne permet pas d'interconnecter des data centers sans perdre l'indépendance de leur plan de contrôle. Pour modifier ce comportement, lequel implique la création d'un unique domaine de broadcast s'étendant sur tout le réseau, nous proposons, comme première contribution, une solution (MLTP) qui permet d'interconnecter des réseaux TRILL tout en les maintenant indépendants. Un autre élément manquant de TRILL est l'isolation des flux réseau. Notre seconde contribution consiste donc à trouver et implémenter une solution d'isolation des flux au sein de MLTP. Ce nouveau protocole (MLTP+VNT), permet d'avoir une solution de cloud hybride, mais elle possède deux désavantages. Le premier est la gestion des pannes. Certains éléments de MLTP+VNT, les Border RBridges (BRB), contiennent des informations nécessaires au routage inter-data center et lorsqu'ils tombent en panne, ces informations sont perdues. Pour éviter cela, nous avons, dans notre troisième contribution, modifié MLTP+VNT pour synchroniser les BRBs. Le second est l'obligation de n'utiliser que des réseaux MLTP+VNT pour réaliser un cloud hybride. Pour lever cette restriction, nous avons, dans notre quatrième contribution, conçu une passerelle entre un réseau TRILL, pour le cloud public, et un réseau OpenFlow, pour le cloud privé. / Cloud computing uses infrastructure with a lot of computing and storage resources. There are three types of cloud: Public cloud, Private cloud, and Hybrid cloud. In order to provide a hybrid cloud solution, we used as a base the TRILL protocol which optimizes the use of the data center infrastructure. However, TRILL cannot interconnect data centers as doing so will merge the data centers networks and each data center will lose its independence. Our first contribution is to change this behavior and we develop MLTP which allows to interconnect TRILL or MLTP network without merging them. Another functionality missing from TRILL is network isolation. To fill this lack, in our second proposal we add to MLTP a solution called VNT and we then have a new protocol called MLTP+VNT. In this protocol, each user traffic is isolated from one another. Therefore, MLTP+VNT allows to have a hybrid cloud environment. Nevertheless, it has two shortcomings. The first one is its “single” point of failure. As a matter of fact, MLTP+VNT uses a new type of nodes called Border RBridges which contains inter-data centers routing information. If a Border RBridge fails, then the information it contained is lost. In order to prevent this loss, we implement a method to synchronize the Border RBridges in our third contribution. The second shortcoming is the obligation to use MLTP+VNT in each network to form the hybrid cloud. To lift this limitation, we design and develop, in our fourth contribution, a bridge between a MLTP+VNT network and an OpenFlow network. This way, our solution allows to create a hybrid cloud environment with the MLTP+VNT solution in the public cloud and OpenFlow in the public cloud.

The purpose of this thesis is to study whether target-like articulation of the Spanish tap [ɾ] and trill [r] is achieved by second language learners who have lived in a Spanish-speaking environment for an extensive period of time. The subjects of this study were students at Brigham Young University (BYU) who had spent 18 months to two years in a Spanish-speaking country. Most of the subjects had little to no previous Spanish instruction, but rather learned the language primarily through their contact with native speakers while abroad. In addition to whether or not subjects achieved target-like pronunciation of these two Spanish sounds, this study sought to observe whether or not certain linguistic factors (e.g., neighboring sounds, syllable stress, etc.) and extra-linguistic factors (e.g., previous Spanish instruction, instructors who were native speakers of Spanish, articulation in formal or informal speech, etc.) had influence on their articulation. The results of this study reveal that the subjects were generally successful in articulating the Spanish rhotic sounds. The majority of the subjects pronounced the rhotics in a target-like manner over 80% of the time. Furthermore, while previous studies have claimed that the transfer of the American English approximant [ɹ] is the most common error when acquiring the Spanish tap and trill, the current study suggests that the most common error of L2 speakers who have lived abroad is developmental: the production of the tap [ɾ] in place of the trill /r/. Lastly, it reveals, through the results of a variable rule analysis, that the two most significant factors in accurate tap and trill articulation are its phonetic context and whether or not the participants had received adequate Spanish instruction prior to having lived abroad.