The purpose of this study was to learn from kindergarten- through 8th-grade principals in East Tennessee (a) what policies guide their decisions regarding classroom placement for multiple-birth children; (b) what postsecondary training they have; (c) what sources guide their decisions; (d) what knowledge they have of the needs, relationships, and bonds of multiples; and (e) what their perceptions are regarding how to best meet the needs of multiples. Data were collected through interviews with a purposeful sample of 10 principals of kindergarten- through 8th-grade schools. Five themes emerged forming constructs for organizational framework: (a) learning environment, (b) meeting individual needs, (c) communication, (d) culture, and (e) perceptions. Based on the research, the following conclusions were presented: Prior to Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 49-6-3102, effective July 1, 2010, none of the school systems had placement policies. Most principals had no postsecondary or graduate school training specific to and were not knowledgeable of the educational psychology of multiples or implications regarding their developmental, emotional, and academic issues. Most said on-the-job training was their only instruction. Few principals were aware of the needs, relationships, and bonds of multiples. Principals stated their conviction that separating multiples would promote individuality and foster independence. Findings from this study might result in colleges modifying their teachers' education curriculum to include the educational psychology of multiples and implications regarding their developmental, emotional, and academic issues. Principals currently serving should enlighten themselves regarding the educational psychology of multiples to include the dynamics of the multiples' relationships and the bond that exists between them. School districts should provide education for staff regarding the development of multiples. Principals should recognize parents of multiples as their best source of guidance and look to school psychologists as resources. It is recommended that principals work with families, become more acquainted with multiples, and seek their opinions when making decisions that affect them. It is recommended that if principals want to help multiples become independent and develop as individuals, they should learn to tell them apart and call them by their individual names rather than twin or triplet.

Le travail présenté porte sur le contrôle de la couleur d'émission d'une diode électroluminescente organique (OLED), élément de base pour des écrans d'affichage ou des nouveaux écrans de télévision ou encore des futures sources de lumière, par l'étude de la diffusion des excitons. Après optimisation de l'épaisseur de la couche d'émetteurs fluorescents jaunes incorporés dans une matrice émettrice bleue, la variation de leur position depuis la zone de recombinaison a permis d'ajuster la couleur d'émission de l'OLED, variant du bleu au jaune avec un passage par un blanc pur de coordonnées chromatiques (0.32; 0.33). Ce contrôle très fin de la couleur émise est obtenu en tirant parti de la diffusion des excitons dans la structure OLED ; cette diffusion des excitons singulets et triplets est étudiée en détails, et les longueurs de diffusions de ces quasi-particules ont été déterminées à partir des mesures d'électroluminescence dans deux matériaux connus, le NPB et le DPVBi. Dans le cas des triplets, il faut faire appel à une technique utilisant une fine couche dopée d'un émetteur phosphorescent dans une matrice épaisse de CBP. Une attention particulière a été accordée aux phénomènes de microcavité, prépondérants dans ce type de diodes, pour une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes mis en jeux dans ces dispositifs.

Cette thèse porte sur l'étude d'interactions optiques non linéaires de conversion de fréquences d'ordre 3 faisant intervenir un ensemble de trois photons, qu'ils soient générés ou consommés. Outre les enjeux théoriques, les applications potentielles couvrent le domaine de la communication quantique : le phénomène de dégroupement associé à la consommation de trois photons doit mener à des états de bruit quantique comprimé, alors que la production de triplets de photons permettrait de réels progrès en cryptographie quantique. Faute de réalisation expérimentale adéquate, ces situations n'avaient jusqu'à présent pas pu être observées. Cette thèse présente une modélisation aboutie des interactions sollicitées, dans le cadre de la théorie classique. Des stratégies expérimentales réalistes sont alors définies et mises en œuvre. La première génération de triplets de photons est obtenue, ouvrant ainsi la voie aux futures études d'optique quantique.

The main goal of this thesis is the analysis of multiple-births in Czech Republic between the years of 1950 and 2005 including the international comparison and assess of the influence of assisted reproduction on occurrence of multiple-births. The thesis is divided into five different parts. The first part is dedicated to the analysis of fertility according to a succession of births in Czech Republic while using the indicators of total fertility, the average age of mothers in the time of childbirth and the total number of new-born babies. The second part focuses on multiple-births considering both historical and contemporary point of view and on possible risks for both the mother and the foetus. Next part describes the assisted reproduction, its history, present and commonly used methods. The fourth part is dedicated to the influence of assisted reproduction on the occurrence of multiple-births and to the analysis of multiple-births with the use of absolute and relative number of mono-births and multiple-births indicators, indicators of total fertility, masculinity index, the rate of stillborn babies and the proportion of children born outside of marriage. The last part compares the development of multiple-births within the European countries according to NIDI 1999 classification.

The Kimball methodology, often referred to as dimensional modelling, is well established in data warehousing and business intelligence as a highly successful means for turning data into information. Yet weaknesses exist in the Kimball approach that make it difficult to rapidly extend or interrelate dimensional models in complex business areas such as Health Care. This Thesis looks at the development of a methodology that will provide for the rapid extension and interrelation of Kimball dimensional models. This is achieved through the use of techniques similar to those employed in the semantic web. These techniques allow for rapid analysis and insight into highly variable data which previously was difficult to achieve. / Graduate

In an initial experiment (Wilson and Weakley, 2004), word recognition was assessed with six digit triplets presented at 14 signal-to-babble ratios (S/B) in 2 dB steps. An abbreviated version of the protocol was developed for clinic use involving three digit triplets at 7 S/Bs in 4 dB steps. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the relationship between the two digit protocols with comparisons made with other variables including age, pure-tone thresholds, subjective measures of understanding speech in quiet and in noise, and word recognition of monosyllabic words in quiet and in babble. Ninety-six listeners with sensorineural hearing loss participated. For equivalent performance, the short version of the digit triplets required (1) a 2.6 dB more favorable S/B than the long version and (2) a 15.1 dB less favorable S/B than the words. Age, hearing loss, and subjective evaluation of the ability to understand speech in quiet and in noise were not related to performance on digits or words in multitalker babble.

La géométrie non commutative, du fait qu'elle permet de généraliser des objets géométriques sous forme algébrique, offre des perspectives intéressantes pour réunir la théorie quantique des champs et la relativité générale dans un seul cadre. Elle peut être abordée selon différents points de vue et deux d'entre eux sont présentés dans cette thèse. Le premier, le calcul différentiel basé sur les dérivations, nous a permis de construire une action de Yang-Mills-Higgs dans laquelle apparait des champs pouvant être interprétés comme des champs de Higgs. Avec le second, les triplets spectraux, on peut généraliser la notion de distance entre état et calculer des formules de distance. C'est ce que nous avons fait dans le cas de l'espace de Moyal et du tore non commutatif. / Noncommutative geometry offers interesting prospects to gather the quantum field theory and relativity in one general framework because it allows one to generalize geometric objects algebraically. It can be approached from different points of view and two of them are presented in this PhD. The first, calculus based on derivations, allowed us to construct a Yang-Mills-Higgs action which appears in fields that can be interpreted as Higgs fields. With the second, spectral triples, we can generalize the notion of distance between states. We calculated the distance formulas in the case of the Moyal space and the noncommutative torus.

The overarching goal of this thesis was to examine sibling relationship quality in young twin children, as well as the ways in which this key bond is associated with other familial relationships within the home environment. The three articles included were part of a longitudinal and multi-method study, run by myself and my colleague - the Twins, Family and Behaviour study. Accounts were collected from 282 mothers and 132 fathers of twins, over a two-year time period. Parents completed postal questionnaires and a telephone interview, and observations via Skype recorded them interacting with each of their children. The research was unique, as it employed a number of novel measures and sophisticated analyses that have not yet been used within a longitudinal twin sample such as this. Results showed that, contrary to expectations, no mean level differences emerged when monozygotic twin pairs, dizygotic twin pairs, and non-twin pairs were compared on their sibling relationship quality (Paper 1). Behavioural genetic modelling also revealed that sibling interactions were mainly influenced by the shared environment, common to both children within the dyad, but also by the genetic propensities of the siblings themselves (Paper 1). Using the innovative Preschool Five Minute Speech Sample interview, we found that mothers who expressed more family-wide positive, and less family-wide negative, emotion towards their children reported more positivity within the sibling relationship – even when controlling for questionnaire measures of the mother-child relationship (Paper 2). Finally, opposing the majority of past literature, cross-lagged tests evidenced that earlier positivity within the sibling bond was predictive of later marital satisfaction, and of positivity within both the mother-child and the father-child bond (Paper 3). The implications of the findings include: the generalisability of studies of twins in childhood to the wider non-twin sibling population (Paper 1); the usefulness of maternal speech sample measures in capturing unique variance in sibling relationship quality (Paper 2); and the impact of affectionate sibling exchanges on entire family systems (Paper 3). Future research would benefit from exploring the nature of the relationship between twin brothers and sisters further, using both younger and older children's reports of their family interactions, within a more ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Donizetti Fermino Louro.pdf: 5486550 bytes, checksum: 06eabea84200c8c5e9e39a82ee79d8f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-15 / The historiography of triplets of Hamilton aims to address the mathematical reasoning that preceded the development of quaternions and their contribution to the study of three-dimensional objects. The study of triplets as geometrical representation of square roots and negative quantities prior to the formalization of hypercomplex numbers, in particular the algebra of quaternions. The origin and the quaternion's fundaments based on triplets, applied in the rotational motion of threedimensional objects in space, evokes further study of their complex structures, a priori. The search of Hamilton for a hypercomplex number able to represent rotations in space presented geometrical concerns, as well as, a vector approach of plane, then their applications determine isometries that still underlie the mathematical morphology of the digital dynamic image / A historiografia dos tripletos de Hamilton pretende abordar o raciocínio matemático que antecedeu o desenvolvimento dos quaternions e sua contribuição ao estudo de objetos tridimensionais. O estudo dos tripletos como representação geométrica das raízes quadradas e quantidades negativas antecedeu a formalização dos números hipercomplexos, em específico da álgebra de quaternions. A origem e os fundamentos dos quaternions baseados nos tripletos, aplicados no movimento rotacional de objetos tridimensionais no espaço suscitam um estudo mais aprofundado de suas estruturas complexas, a priori. A busca de Hamilton por um número hipercomplexo capaz de representar rotações do espaço apresentava preocupações geométricas, assim como uma abordagem vetorial do plano, logo suas aplicações determinariam isometrias que ainda fundamentam a morfologia da imagem digital dinâmica

L'objet de cette thèse est l'étude et la réalisation d'interactions optiques non linéaires impliquant la susceptibilité électrique de troisième ordre. Ces processus de conversion de fréquences font intervenir quatre photons qui peuvent être consommés ou générés dans un milieu non linéaire. La production de trois photons à partir d'un photon parent, constituant ainsi un triplet de photons, est la problématique centrale de ce travail. Les trois particules générées possèdent des propriétés quantiques spécifiques, qui n'ont pas pu être observées jusque-là, faute de production efficace de triplets de photons. Outre les enjeux théoriques, les applications potentielles couvrent le domaine de la cryptographie quantique où un tel état quantique pourrait être utilisé. Dans la continuité de ce qui avait été fait lors d'une précédente thèse, ce travail présente la réalisation d'un générateur de triplets de photons efficace, dont la caractérisation a permis une comparaison avec le modèle développé dans le cadre de la théorie classique. Un bon accord a été constaté entre théorie et expérience, ce qui constitue une première validation du modèle. Ce générateur a ouvert la voie vers la conception et la réalisation du dispositif d'étude des corrélations quantiques, et vers sa première utilisation. Enfin, une étude du dioxyde de titane, dans sa phase rutile, a montré que ce milieu possède des caractéristiques adéquates à la réalisation de processus non linéaires cubiques efficaces.