Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

xix, 157 leaves : photos., graphs, tables ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Agricultural Biochemistry, 1980

Thesis (Ph.D.)-- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Agricultural Biochemisty, 1980.

No description available.

La producción de alcohol se encuentra relacionada directamente con la producción de Biocombustibles, debido al desplazamiento de importantes volúmenes de alcohol para su conversión en etanol o alcohol anhídrido; usado como complemento o sustituto de la gasolina. Esta situación ha generado que la caña de azúcar, principal materia prima para la elaboración de alcohol se convierta en un “bien escaso” y sea necesario buscar otras potenciales fuentes para su producción. En el Perú, existe también el potencial para producir el mencionado producto, usando los tubérculos como base, especialmente la papa; a través de la conversión de almidones en azúcares y su posterior fermentación y destilación en alcohol etílico. La presente investigación tiene por finalidad demostrar la viabilidad de la instalación de una planta de producción de alcohol de papa en la provincia de Chota, departamento de Cajamarca, con la intención de atender al mercado interno, con un producto de alta calidad, orientado al uso industrial, farmacéutico y cosmético. La metodología desarrollada comprende la determinación de viabilidad de Mercado, Organizacional, Técnico Operativa, Económica financiera y ambiental. Finalmente se concluye que es viable la instalación de una planta de producción de alcohol en la provincia de Chota. / Tesis

215 h. / La producción de alcohol se encuentra relacionada directamente con la producción de Biocombustibles, debido al desplazamiento de importantes volúmenes de alcohol para su conversión en etanol o alcohol anhídrido; usado como complemento o sustituto de la gasolina. Esta situación ha generado que la caña de azúcar, principal materia prima para la elaboración de alcohol se convierta en un “bien escaso” y sea necesario buscar otras potenciales fuentes para su producción. En el Perú, existe también el potencial para producir el mencionado producto, usando los tubérculos como base, especialmente la papa; a través de la conversión de almidones en azúcares y su posterior fermentación y destilación en alcohol etílico. La presente investigación tiene por finalidad demostrar la viabilidad de la instalación de una planta de producción de alcohol de papa en la provincia de Chota, departamento de Cajamarca, con la intención de atender al mercado interno, con un producto de alta calidad, orientado al uso industrial, farmacéutico y cosmético. La metodología desarrollada comprende la determinación de viabilidad de Mercado, Organizacional, Técnico Operativa, Económica financiera y ambiental. Finalmente se concluye que es viable la instalación de una planta de producción de alcohol en la provincia de Chota.

Microtubers were obtained from potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultured in vitro, they were used in following experiments. The impact of growth regulators (FLD, AgNO3, BA, ABA) was monitored in length of dormancy. The content of ABA in the budding tubers and the content of endogenous CK (BA, IP, DHZ, DHZR, Z) was determined during the dormancy as well. Production of ACC, ethylene, O2, CO2 and ethane was determined by gas chromatography. Variants containing FLD, AgNO3 and BA had a significant impact in the shortening of dormancy and stimulation the growth of buds microtubers. When they were used the occurrence of budding tubers was increased by 30-40 % over the control. Variant of ABA inhibited the growth of buds. ABA content correlated with the process of dormancy and the occurrence of budding tubers. The highest content of ABA was in variant with freshly collected dormant tubers. Concentration of various CK was dependent on the type of CK and monitored variant. Generally, It was slightly increased with occurrence of budding tubers.

Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2016-01-07T08:08:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 385459 bytes, checksum: f1b68d6dade6f1f37952de2eeedf571a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-07T08:08:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 385459 bytes, checksum: f1b68d6dade6f1f37952de2eeedf571a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O selênio (Se) é elemento traço essencial às funções do corpo humano, como controle do metabolismo de hormônios e de doenças cardiovasculares, prevenção da doença de Kashin-Beck, além de ter ação anticarcinogênica. Os teores de selênio (Se) nas plantas estão relacionados com a disponibilidade deste elemento no solo e a capacidade de absorção e acúmulo pelas plantas. Com intuito de produzir alimentos nutricionalmente mais completos e saudáveis para consumo humano e animal, uma estratégia utilizada é a biofortificação. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar doses e formas de aplicação de Se para fortificar tubérculos de batata. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação, em vasos de 8 dm-3 de solo e selenato de sódio como fonte de Se. O delineamento foi o inteiramente aleatorizado com cinco repetições e os tratamentos consistiram de cinco doses via solo (0; 0,12; 0,25; 0,50 e 1,0 mg dm -3de Se) e cinco concentrações via foliar (0; 0,10; 0,21; 0,31 e 0,42 % de Se). Foram avaliados sintomas de fitotoxicidade, alterações fisiológicas ou morfológicas nas plantas, produtividade, variáveis fotossintéticas, atividade antioxidante total nos tubérculos e teores de Se no solo, parte aérea e nos tubérculos de batata. A aplicação de Se via solo não influenciou as variáveis fotossintéticas, o crescimento das plantas e a produção de tubérculos. Por outro lado, a aplicação foliar causou fitotoxidade nas folhas e redução na produção e na matéria seca de tubérculos. A atividade antioxidante total nos tubérculos não apresentou diferença entre os tratamentos. A aplicação de Se, independente da forma de aplicação e dose testada, não apresentou efeito significativo quanto aos teores de P, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe e Ca nos tubérculos. Entretanto, observaram-se diferenças significativas quanto ao teor de Se nos tubérculos, em ambas as formas de aplicação e nas menores doses testadas. Os tubérculos de batata são capazes de acumular Se de maneira eficiente e a parte aérea das plantas transloca este elemento para os tubérculos, mesmo sob níveis severos de fitotoxidade. Palavras chave: Solanum tuberosum, translocação, nutrição humana. / Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element the human body functions such as hormone metabolism and control of cardiovascular diseases, prevention of Kashin-Beck disease, and have anticarcinogenic action.The levels of Se in the plant are related to the availability of this element in the soil and the ability to uptake and accumulation, of plants. Aiming to produce more nutritionally complete and healthy foods for human consumption and animal, a strategy used is biofortification. This experiment aimed to evaluate doses and Se application forms able to fortify potato tubers. The experiments were conducted in greenhouse, in pots of 8 dm-3 of soil and sodium selenate as a source of Se. The design was completely randomized with five replications and the treatments consisted of five doses in the soil (0; 0.12; 0.25; 0.50 and 1.0 mg dm-3 Se) and five foliar concentrations (0; 0.10; 0.21; 0.31 and 0.42 % of Se). Were evaluated phytotoxicity symptoms, physiological or morphological changes in plants, productivity, photosynthetic variables, total antioxidant activity in the tubers and Se levels in the soil, shoot and potato tubers. The use of Se in the soil did not affect the photosynthetic variables, the growth of plants and tuber yield. Moreover, foliar application caused phytotoxicity on leaves and reduction in dry matter production and tubers. The total antioxidant activity in the tubers showed no difference between treatments. Applying Se, regardless of the form of application and dose tested, no significant effect as the P, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Ca contents in tubers was observed. However, there were significant differences in the Se content of tubers in both application forms and in smaller doses tested. The potato tubers are able to accumulate Se efficiently and the shoot translocates this element to the tubers, even with severe levels of phytotoxicity. Keywords: Solanum tuberosum, translocation, human nutrition.

No description available.

Fusarium is a soilborne fungus which can live in soil for long periods of time. It is known to cause wilt, root rot and crown rot diseases in a diverse group of crop plants. Of all the diseases caused by Fusarium the most important are the vascular wilts. Pathogens that cause wilting usually enter their host plant through young roots and then grow into and up the water-conducting vessels of the root and stem. The vessels become blocked and water supply to the leaves is limited. This results in the potato plant being weak resulting in yellowing of leaves, browning of stems and production of smaller tubers. Fusarium is diverse and widely distributed and can be isolated from agricultural soils and plant material. The study was done to determine the occurrence of this pathogen in the South African potato industry. Samples of plant material showing wilt symptoms were collected from nine potato production regions. Fungal isolations were made from tubers using a Fusarium selective medium, i.e Peptone PCNB Agar. The isolates were examined morphologically and those resembling Fusarium were further identified using molecular techniques. DNA sequence analysis of the translation elongation factor 1-α gene was done on the isolates. DNA-based techniques have increasingly become the tool of choice for understanding the genetic diversity and phylogeny of Fusarium species. The pathogenicity of the isolates from all the regions was also investigated on potato cultivar Caren. The DNA results confirmed Fusarium as the pathogen causing Fusarium wilt on potatoes. Two species of Fusarium were identified; namely F. oxysporum and F. solani. F. oxysporum was more prevalent and occurred in all regions compared to F. solani. F. oxysporum is best known for the plant pathogenic strain, which cause wilt, root rot and crown rot diseases on a wide variety of crops, often limiting crop production. It is also known to be phylogenetically diverse. In the pathogenicity test, the isolates were found to be virulent and one was highly virulent therefore confirming their ability to cause wilting of potatoes. The effect of silicon on Fusarium wilt of potatoes was investigated in this study to assess its effectiveness in the control of Fusarium wilt. An in vitro study using potassium silicate was done to determine if silicon can inhibit the growth of Fusarium at different concentrations. The results showed that at low concentrations of potassium silicate the growth of Fusarium was not inhibited, while at a high concentration, there was inhibition. Greenhouse pot trials were conducted to determine the effect of silicon soil amendments on Fusarium wilt of potatoes, tuber yield and the production of phenolics in the cell wall of potato peels. The levels of chlorogenic, caffeic and ferulic acids were also investigated. The following treatments were used: control, silicon ash (~99% Si), slag (30% Si), fly ash (50% Si) and lime (calcium carbonate) as a pH control. Treatments were divided into those inoculated with Fusarium and those without Fusarium. Results showed that for silicon treatments not inoculated with Fusarium, slag had the highest tuber yield, followed by lime, fly ash and silicon ash when compared to the control. Silicon treatments inoculated with Fusarium did not improve the yield as the control had the highest yield and the occurrence Fusarium wilt was not reduced in silicon treatments. In this regard silicon did not have an effect on Fusarium wilt because symptoms were visible in the silicon amended treatments. The results for phenolic acid content showed that ferulic acid levels were too low for analysis; for chlorogenic acid, concentrations were generally lower in the silicon treatments than in the treatments without silicon; and caffeic acid levels were higher in silicon treatments than treatments without silicon, as a result of increased production of as defence mechanism against invading pathogens. However, this is the first study on the effect of silicon on Fusarium wilt of potatoes and its influence on the production of phenolics. Further research is required to understand the role of silicon in potato pathosystems. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Microbiology and Plant Pathology / unrestricted