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The [beta]-tubulin gene as a means to discriminate species and verify evolutionary patterns of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiMsiska, Zola. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 138 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-119).
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Recombinant expression and evaluation of a- and b- tubulin from Trypanosoma congolense as vaccine candidates for African trypanosomiasis.Bartlett, Cara-Lesley. January 2010 (has links)
African trypanosomiasis is caused by protozoan parasites known as trypanosomes, which are transmitted by the tsetse fly, affecting both humans and animals. Trypanosoma congolense is one of the main trypanosome species affecting cattle and causes the disease known as nagana. Control of animal African trypanosomiasis currently relies on
chemotherapy and vector control methods, neither of which has proven satisfactory. An effective vaccine against trypanosomiasis would be the most cost effective solution to control the disease; however, due to the phenomenon of antigenic variation, intrinsic to the parasite’s outer coat of variable surface glycoprotein, this has not yet been achieved. Recent
vaccine efforts have been centred on identification of invariant parasite antigens for use as vaccine candidates. Trypanosome cytoskeleton components have in recent years been shown to be capable of providing a protective immune response against trypanosome infection. These include
tubulin proteins, which form the main components of the cytoskeleton, as well as microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) and paraflagellar rod proteins. In the present study α- and β-tubulin from T. congolense were recombinantly expressed and their immuno-protective potential in mice assessed. Amplification of both α- and β-tubulin ORFs from T. congolense genomic DNA was followed by cloning of the amplicons into the T-vector pTZ57R/T, and thereafter sub-cloning into the bacterial expression vector,
pET238a and the yeast expression vector pPICZαA28. Only the α-tubulin amplicon was successfully sub-cloned into pICZAαA28; however, no protein expression was achieved upon transfection of the methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris, with this construct. Subcloning of both α- and β-tubulin inserts into pET28a was successful. Expression of recombinant α- and β-tubulin as fusion proteins with a histidine tag, both at a size of 55 kDa, was achieved in Escherichia coli host BL21 (DE3). Recombinant proteins were successfully purified using nickel chelate chromatography under denaturing conditions. Refolding was first attempted by dilution of purified
denatured proteins in a refolding buffer followed by reconcentration, but was largely unsuccessful. A second, more successful refolding method was performed wherein denatured proteins were refolded by application of a decreasing gradient of urea, while bound to a nickel chelate column. Native tubulin from cultured T.congolense procyclics was successfully purified and renatured using a polymerisation/depolymerisation method for use as a control for immunisation. Mice were immunised separately with refolded recombinant α- and β-tubulin, native tubulin or an irrelevant protein VP4AA expressed in the same way as the tubulins. ELISA analysis confirmed the production of antibodies against each protein. Parasitaemia developed in all mice following challenge with T. congolense. Only the group immunised
with β-tubulin recorded no deaths during the monitoring period despite the presence of parasitaemia, with 60% of mice immunised with α-tubulin or VP4AA and the no antigen control and no mice from the native tubulin immunised group surviving. The results showed that partial protection against trypanosomiasis caused by T. congolense infection was achieved in the group immunised with β-tubulin and suggest that β-tubulin may have
vaccine potential. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2010.
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Old targets and new beginnings a multifaceted approach to combating Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease /Yakovich, Adam J., January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 154-175).
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Reprogrammation métabolique induite dans les tissus hyperplasiques formés chez le tabac infecté par Rhodococcus fascians: aspects fondamentaux et applicationsNacoulma, Aminata 10 September 2013 (has links)
Les pathosystèmes, plante-bactérie, aboutissent souvent au niveau de la plante à de profondes reprogrammations tant au niveau de la morphogenèse que du métabolome. Dans le cas de l’interaction plante-Rhodococcus fascians, une bactérie phytopathogène, il se développe au niveau du site d’infection, une structure morphologique particulière nommée « galle feuillée ». <p>Au sein de cette hyperplasie, les altérations métaboliques induites concernent non seulement les produits du métabolisme primaire mais également le métabolisme secondaire et plus particulièrement des composés qui interviennent dans les mécanismes de défense ou qui affectent la prolifération cellulaire végétale. <p>Dans le cadre de notre travail de thèse, nous nous sommes fixé deux objectifs principaux qui sont de caractériser les altérations métaboliques au niveau des tissus hyperplasiques de tabac mais aussi de rechercher des applications potentielles du point de vue thérapeutique de cette interaction.<p>L’approche métabolomique globale basée sur une analyse comparative des spectres 1H-RMN d’extraits bruts de tissus infectés et de tissus non-infectés couplée à des analyses statistiques de données multivariées (ACP, OPLS-DA) a été utilisé pour l’étude de la reprogrammation métabolique. Le résultat indique une accumulation de composés phénoliques et des métabolites de la famille des diterpènes dans les tissus de la galle feuillée. <p>Les activités biologiques des extraits de la galle feuillée ont ensuite été évaluées, notamment des activités antioxydantes (DPPH, FRAP), anti-inflammatoire (15-LOX) et antiproliférative (MTT). Il ressort de cette analyse une augmentation du potentiel réducteur et anti-radicalaire des extraits de la galle feuillée, une activité inhibitrice de la lipoxygénase ainsi qu'une activité antiproliférative sur lignées tumorales humaines, comparée à la plante non infectée. <p>L’étude des composés affectant la prolifération des cellules cancéreuses humaines a aboutit à la mise en évidence d’un mélange de molécules (F3.1.1) appartenant au groupe des incensoles (cembrènoïdes). Ces composés ralentissent la durée de la division cellulaire, affectent la taille des cellules et induisent des anomalies de la karyokinèse et de la cytokinèse des cellules de glioblastome U373. La dynamique tubuline/microtubule est identifiée comme étant la cible des cembrènoïdes (F3.1.1). L’effet des ces composés est original comparé aux anti-tubulines usuels tel que la colchicine et le paclitaxel. Le mécanisme d’action des incensoles est unique et donc prometteur du fait que la dynamique des microtubules reste une cible de choix dans le traitement des cellules cancéreuses.<p> / Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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