Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Altieres Edemar Frei.pdf: 966537 bytes, checksum: c6290cc3df33b7dabeafa1f1c68a23e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research which has as its final stop the present essay-dissertation had as its point of departure an investigation concerning the means and the ways of subjectivity crossed, involved, forged and reinforced by the daily movements displayed by the citizens in São Paulo´s underground (considered the most crowded underground system in the world in its peak hours). We understand that in the current stage of sophistication in the control society, in a time defined by some as late capitalism or economic globalization, the politics concerned with accommodating, conditioning and piling up the citizens-users of the underground transportation system demand more emphasis and aesthetical elegance than the semiotic strategies have provided up to now. In our research, we state that biopower politics are being applied in the underground transportation system, and those politics seem to be of high relevance not only to its own operations, as well as to the urban configuration. In this sense, we consider the underground transportation system as a state-device. The underground is a fold of São Paulo metropolis in state of metastasis. Our investigative method was anchored by the theoretical references able to provide lights and follow our hypothesis, and also by the ethnographic incursions done in order to gather samples of the life gapsdisplayed over the electric tracks: stereotypes, boredom, lines of escape, dialogues biopolitical samples, in a wider sense. As results of this investigation, we also present single propositions of intervention on the daily life of underground users, with the suggestion of occupying its sonic territory through a project of audio compositions specially produced to be accessed during the underground trips / A pesquisa que desembarca neste formato de ensaio-dissertação partiu do objetivo de investigar os Modos e Modelos de Subjetivação atravessados, envolvidos, forjados e reforçados em meio aos deslocamentos diários de cidadãos no Metrô de São Paulo neste que já é considerado o mais superlotado do mundo, com mais de dez passageiros por metro quadrado em horários de pico. Entendemos que no atual estágio de refinamento da chamada sociedade de controle, em tempos definidos por alguns de capitalismo tardio ou mundialização da economia, as estratégias para acomodação, condicionamento, empilhamento dos cidadãos-usuários do Metrô exigem mais do que pode alcançar o regime de signos ou as estratégias semióticas até então utilizadas com ênfase e certa elegância estética. Justificamos que são aplicadas estratégias do chamado biopoder de relevância ímpar para a operação do Metrô e, em nossa hipótese, de relevância para a própria configuração urbana. Consideramos, desta forma, o Metrô como um dispositivo-Estado. O Metrô é dobra de São Paulo megalópole em metástase. Nosso método investigativo pautou-se no levantamento ou cartografia de referenciais teóricos que pudessem ilustrar e acompanhar a hipótese levantada, bem como de incursões etnográficas em que foi possível colher amostras das chamadas frestas de vida sobre trilhos eléctricos: clichês, tédio, linhas de fuga, diálogos. Enfim: amostras biopolíticas, em seu amplo sentido. Apresentamos também, entre os resultados obtidos, singelas propostas de intervenção no cotidiano dos usuários do Metrô, com a sugestão da ocupação do seu Território Sonoro, por meio de um projeto-piloto de confecção de conteúdos de áudio para serem acessados durante as viagens de Metrô

The direct exposure to fire is not the most immediate threat to passengers&amp / #8217 / life in case of fire in an underground transportation system. Most of the casualties in fire are the results of smoke-inhalation. Numerical simulation of fire and smoke propagation provides a useful tool when assessing the consequence and deciding the best evacuation strategy in case of a train fire inside the underground transportation system. In a station fire the emergency ventilation system must be capable of removing the heat, smoke and toxic products of combustion from the evacuation routes to ensure safe egress from the underground transportation system station to a safe location. In recent years Computational Fluid Dynamics has been used as a tool to evaluate the performance of emergency ventilation systems. In this thesis, Computational Fluid Dynamics technique is used to simulate a fire incidence in underground transportation systems station. Several case studies are performed in two different stations in order to determine the safest evacuation scenario in CFDesign 7.0. CFD simulations utilize three dimensional models of the station in order to achieve a more realistic representation of the flow physics within the complex geometry. The steady state and transient analyses are performed within a simulation of a train fire in the subway station. A fire is represented as a source of smoke and energy. In transient analyses, a fast t2 growth curve is used for the heat release rate and smoke release rate. The results of the studies are given as contour plots of temperature, velocity and smoke concentration distributions. One of the case studies is compared with a code well known in the discipline, the Fire Dynamics Simulator, specifically developed for fire simulation. In selection of the preferred direction of evacuation, fundamental principles taken into consideration are stated.