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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Etablerade och icke-etablerade : En analys av tre filmers framställning av sociala mönster

Gewerth, Max January 2017 (has links)
Film is a media genre that spreads around the whole world. In other words, it is a media genre that many people take part of. Something else that most people has experience about is being part of a group, and often groupings with a power configuration between itself and other groups. Previous research show that groups that is established in a specific social context has  a tendency to have an access to power over groups that are unestablished in that specific  social context. Previous research also show that the way films portrait different social phenomena can both influence the society and get influenced by the society where it is produced. It is therefore relevant to study how film portraits the social patterns that occur when an individual is in a, for the individual, new social context and make contact with a group that is already established in the specific social context. This study aims to analyze how this is portrayed in three Swedish films: Micke och Veronica (2014), Ondskan (2003) and Rallybrudar (2008). The methodological basis in this study has been a combination of comparative research, content analysis and critical discourse analysis. In the analysis of this study Erving Goffman’s (2014) dramaturgical analysis and Donald Broady’s (1998) notion of capital have been used to analyze the three films. Through the analysis of the three films it has shown that all of these films portraits a change in the relationship between the established and the unestablished groups. The unestablished are at first not accepted by the  established groups, but through integration and the unestablished symbolic assets the relationship transcends to an acceptance between the groups. / Film är en mediegenre som sprids över hela världen. Det är med andra ord en mediegenre som många tar del av. Någonting annat som de flesta människor har erfarenhet av är att vara en del av en grupp, och då ofta grupper där det råder ett maktförhållande mellan den egna och den andra gruppen. Tidigare forskning visar att grupper som är etablerade i ett specifikt socialt sammanhang tenderar att ha ett maktövertag över grupper som är icke-etablerade i det specifika sociala sammanhanget. Tidigare forskning visar även att hur film framställer olika sociala fenomen både påverkar och påverkas av samhället där de produceras. Det är därför relevant att undersöka hur film framställer de sociala mönster som uppstår då en individ befinner sig i ett för individen nytt socialt sammanhang och kommer i kontakt med en grupp som redan är etablerad i det specifika sociala sammanhanget. Denna undersökning syftar till att undersöka hur detta framställs i tre svenska filmer: Micke och Veronica (2014), Ondskan (2003) och Rallybrudar (2008). Den metodologiska utgångspunkten i undersökningen har  varit en kombination av komparativ metod, innehållsanalys och kritisk diskursanalys. I analysen i denna undersökning har Erving Goffmans (2014) dramaturgiska teori och Donald Broadys (1998) kapitalbegrepp använts för att analysera de tre filmerna. Genom analysen av de tre filmerna har det framgått att samtliga filmer skildrar en förändring i relationen mellan etablerade och icke-etablerade grupper. De icke-etablerade blir först inte accepterade av de etablerade grupperna, men genom integration och de icke-etablerades symboliska tillgångar övergår relationen till att innefatta acceptans mellan grupperna.
2

Réponse élastodynamique d'une plaque stratifiée anisotrope : approches comparées. : Vers le développement de méthodes hybrides. / Elastodynamic response of a layered anisotropic plate : comparative approaches. : Towards the development of hybrid methods

Mora, Pierric 17 December 2015 (has links)
Cette thèse traite de la résolution du problème direct de propagation d'un champ élastodynamique rayonné par une source dans un milieu stratifié anisotrope. Le contexte applicatif visé est le contrôle non destructif par ondes ultrasonores guidées de plaques de matériaux composites. Aux basses fréquences, ces matériaux sont assimilables à des milieux homogènes, anisotropes et dissipatifs. Deux approches causales sont étudiées et mises en oeuvre pour résoudre l'équation d'onde, et leur intérêt vis-à-vis de la méthode modale harmonique - la plus couramment employée dans ce domaine applicatif - est discuté. L'une des méthodes est modale et est formulée directement dans le domaine temporel. Elle permet de traiter facilement l'anisotropie, y compris en 3D, mais souffre des écueils classiques concernant le régime non-établi ou le cas du guide ouvert. L'autre approche est une formulation dans le domaine de Laplace de la méthode dite par ondes partielles. Elle présente l'intérêt d'être extrêmement polyvalente tout en conduisant à des coûts numériques tout à fait raisonnables. Dans un second temps, la possibilité d'exploiter ces deux méthodes pour résoudre des problèmes de diffraction par des défauts est étudiée. Une approche par éléments finis de frontière basée sur la méthode par ondes partielles est considérée. Elle permet de traiter efficacement le cas de défauts plans. L'extension à des défauts plus généraux est brièvement discutée. / This work adresses the direct problem of the propagation of an elastodynamic field radiated by a source in an anisotropic layered medium. Applications concern non destructive evaluation of composite plates by ultrasonic guided waves. In the lower frequencies, these materials can be modeled as homogeneous, anisotropic and dissipative media. Two causal approaches are studied and developped to solve the wave equation, and their interest is discussed regarding to the widely used harmonic modal method. One of these methods is modal, and is formulated directly in the time domain. It allows to deal easily with anisotropy, even in 3D ; however it also suffers classical shortcomings such as the high cost of the unestablished regime or the difficulty to deal with open waveguides. The other method is a formulation of the so-called partial-waves method in the Laplace domain. Its attractiveness relies in its versatility and in the fact that computational costs can be very acceptable. In a second time, we consider using both methods to solve problems of diffraction by defects. A boundary element method based on the partial-waves approach is developped and leads to solve very efficiently the case of a planar defect. The possibility of treating more general defects is briefly discussed.

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