The researcher has worked as a Japanese cram school teacher in Taiwan for nine years since 2002. In these nine years, the researcher has encountered different kinds of students and earned myriad of experience in this path. The researcher found that Japanese learners in Taiwan, no matter what age or what level, made almost the same mistakes. The commonality of making errors caused the researcher¡¦s curiosity. The researcher took this opportunity to seek for the reasons that caused these common mistakes. One of the most common mistakes they made is the use of the ¡§particle¡¨. Japanese¡¦s particle was classified neatly, especially ¡§prepositions¡¨ which were the most difficult to learn. When students first learn prepositions, they always get confused; the catachreses of the "De (で)" and "Ni (に)¡¨ were often brought to discussion. In the previous studies, many scholars have focused on this topic and done many researches (Sakota, 1998;Sugiyama, 2002). Based on those studies, with the writer¡¦s practical experience, she analyzed and probed the misuse of De and Ni through testing students. In the test, the researcher differentiated the students into three levels to see how different levels of students react to the use of prepositions, De and Ni ; the researcher then analyzed if there were any special tendency to the use of those preposition from the collected data. The testing method was to ask each levels of students to fill in the blank of a preposition quiz and then interview them about why did they pick those certain preposition to fill in the blank. Using fill-in the blank tests, the researcher found that the student's frequency of use of De and Ni and the frequency of incorrect answers were different. Through introspective investigation, the researcher found that the student's thinking process when using De and Ni are "Noun+ preposition" , "verb+ preposition". After interviewing the students, the researcher found that most subjects have a stereotyped "image of place or name of building + De", and "position or abstract places + Ni". The researcher hoped to understand the reason of the preposition mistake, De and Ni, in Japanese leaner of Taiwan by the research and find the solution of this common mistake. The writer wished that this could benefit not only teachers but students and provide them directions for teaching and learning.

The basic function of an electric power system is to supply its customers with electric energy as economically as possible and with a reasonable degree of continuity and quality. Power system reliability evaluation techniques are now highly developed through the work of many researchers and engineers. It is expected that the application of power system reliability evaluation in bulk power systems will continue to increase in the future especially in the newly deregulated power industry. This thesis presents research conducted on the three areas of incorporating multi-state generating unit models, evaluating system performance indices and identifying transmission deficiencies in composite system adequacy assessment. The research was done using a previously developed software package designated as MECORE. Many generating companies in both the traditionally regulated and newly deregulated electrical power industry have large generating units that can operate in one or more derated states. In this research work, load point and system reliability indices are evaluated using two-state and multi-state generating unit models to examine the impact of incorporating multi-state generating unit models in composite system adequacy assessment. The intention behind deregulation in the power industry is to increase competition in order to obtain better service quality and lower production costs. This research illustrates how Canadian power systems have performed in the past using data compiled by the Canadian Electricity Association. A procedure to predict similar indices is presented and used to estimate future performance and the effects of system modifications. The incentives for market participants to invest in new generation and transmission facilities are highly influenced by the market risk in a deregulation environment. An adequate transmission system is a key element in a dynamic competitive market. This thesis presents a procedure to identify transmission deficiencies in composite generation and transmission system. The research work illustrated in this thesis is focused on the application of probabilistic techniques in composite system adequacy assessment and particularly in the newly deregulated electric power industry. The conclusions and the techniques presented should prove valuable to those responsible for power system planning.

The basic function of an electric power system is to supply its customers with electric energy as economically as possible and with a reasonable degree of continuity and quality. Power system reliability evaluation techniques are now highly developed through the work of many researchers and engineers. It is expected that the application of power system reliability evaluation in bulk power systems will continue to increase in the future especially in the newly deregulated power industry. This thesis presents research conducted on the three areas of incorporating multi-state generating unit models, evaluating system performance indices and identifying transmission deficiencies in composite system adequacy assessment. The research was done using a previously developed software package designated as MECORE. Many generating companies in both the traditionally regulated and newly deregulated electrical power industry have large generating units that can operate in one or more derated states. In this research work, load point and system reliability indices are evaluated using two-state and multi-state generating unit models to examine the impact of incorporating multi-state generating unit models in composite system adequacy assessment. The intention behind deregulation in the power industry is to increase competition in order to obtain better service quality and lower production costs. This research illustrates how Canadian power systems have performed in the past using data compiled by the Canadian Electricity Association. A procedure to predict similar indices is presented and used to estimate future performance and the effects of system modifications. The incentives for market participants to invest in new generation and transmission facilities are highly influenced by the market risk in a deregulation environment. An adequate transmission system is a key element in a dynamic competitive market. This thesis presents a procedure to identify transmission deficiencies in composite generation and transmission system. The research work illustrated in this thesis is focused on the application of probabilistic techniques in composite system adequacy assessment and particularly in the newly deregulated electric power industry. The conclusions and the techniques presented should prove valuable to those responsible for power system planning.

In this work, the relationship between grain boundary crystallography and grain boundary atomic structure is examined, using [1 0 0] - symmetric tilt grain boundaries in nickel. The structural unit model is used as a benchmark to evaluate the atomic structure description capacities of an emerging structural descriptor, the local environment representation, which itself is a refinement of the also-emergent Smooth Overlap of Atomic Positions (SOAP) descriptor. We show that the local environment representation encodes both the information of the structural unit model and additional information, such as distortion in the structural units and the arrangement of the structural units at the interface. The use of the local environment representation permits the use of a visualization tool known as SPRING to represent structural similarities between grain boundaries. With the SPRING representation, we produce objective evidence of a relationship between crystallography and atomic structure, at least for [1 0 0] - symmetric tilt grain boundaries.

The aim of this master’s thesis was to create cooling unit which will became part of project Barman. Thesis describe process from definition of requirements, proposal, selection of components, PI and D diagram and in the last chapter the construction work. In the second part describe design of cooling unit’s model and simulation of cooling process. The last part of the thesis is describing software of the cooling unit and tis results.

The purpose of this master thesis was to create a model of an IGBT in a single pulse test circuit and connect this model to a model of a Gate Unit. The IGBT model and the single pulse test circuit were both implemented in MATLAB and the Gate Unit was implemented in Simulink. The purpose of this model was to test the actions of the gate unit, so that the initial tuning could be done before going to the lab. Since no tests were performed in the lab, it was not possible to see how much of the testing that could have been done by simulations. However, the actions of the IGBT model much resembled the actions of the real component, even though some drawbacks were clear, such as the lack of tail current and tail voltage. These comparisons could be made between simulated characteristics and recordings from a previous test with the same component.

Den 1 maj 2009 infördes lagregler som gör det möjligt att bilda ägarlägenheter i Sverige. Ägarlägenhet är en upplåtelseform som innefattas av direkt äganderätt vilket innebär att ägaren själv äger sin egen lägenhet i ett flerbostadshus.  Vid fastighetstaxering av ägarlägenheter används idag hyreshusmodellen för att beräkna taxeringsvärdet. Detta innebär att ägarlägenheter vid fastighetstaxeringen värderas enligt samma regler som hyreshus. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det finns ett behov av att utveckla en egen värderingsmodell för ägarlägenheter för att erhålla en förbättrad precision av det beräknade taxeringsvärdet. Målet med studien är att utvärdera taxeringsvärdenas tillförlitlighet utifrån tillämpningen av dagens värderingsmodell.  För att besvara arbetets frågeställningar har dataanalys och intervjuer med sakkunniga från Lantmäteriet och Skatteverket genomförts. Analysen undersöker ägarlägenheters köpeskillingar i förhållande till taxeringsvärdet och intervjuerna bidrar till en ökad förståelse avseende dagens värderingsmodell av ägarlägenheter.  Resultatet av studien visar att hyreshusmodellen ger för låga taxeringsvärden för ägarlägenheter. Av studien framgår att ägarlägenheternas taxeringsvärden i genomsnitt motsvarar 51 procent av marknadsvärdet, vilket inte uppfyller bestämmelserna i 5 kap. 2 § fastighetstaxeringslagen. Intervjuerna bekräftar att dagens värderingsmodell inte är särskilt anpassad för ägarlägenheter och att en ny värderingsmodell för ägarlägenheter behövs för att säkerställa mer tillförlitliga taxeringsvärden. / On May 1, 2009, legal regulations were introduced that made it possible to form condominiums in Sweden. Condominium is a form of tenure that is included in direct ownership, which means that the owner himself owns his own apartment in an apartment building.  Today the rental housing unit model is used to calculate the assessed value for property tax assessment of condominium. This means that condominium flats are valued according to the same rules as rental housing units during the property assessment. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is a need to develop a separate valuation model for condominiums to obtain an improved precision of the calculated assessed value. The goal of the study is to evaluate the reliability of the tax values based on the application of today ́s valuation model.  To answer the questions of the study, data analysis and interviews with experts from Lantmäteriet and Skatteverket were conducted. The analysis examines the purchase price of condominiums in relation to the tax assessed value and the interviews provide an increased understanding of today ́s valuation model of condominiums.  The result of the study shows that the rental housing unit model generates too low tax assessment values for condominiums. The study shows that the tax assessment values of condominiums correspond on average to 51 percent of the market value, which does not meet the provisions of chapter 5 section 2 of the Property Taxation Act. The interviews confirm that today ́s valuation model is not adapted for condominiums and that a new valuation model for condominiums is needed to ensure more reliable tax assessment values.

This thesis solves the use of Modelica models in Matlab/Simulink enviroment. The first part is focused on Modelica language and Functional Mock-up Interface, a standard way for model exchange and co-simulation of dynamic models, which is supported by most Modelica oriented tools. Based on this standard FMUtoolbox was created and it provides the ability to import and simulate models exported as Functional Mock-up Unit. The tool provides a Simulink block, graphical and command-line interface.