A precise prediction of the heat loads in metal materials in contact with the hot gas is an increasingly demanding problem in the design phase of the complex cooling schemes in the modern turbine engines. The coupled calculation of the fluid flow and the heat transfer is a promising approach as heat transfer coefficients are not necessary in the calculation and the heat transfer itself is part of the calculation and can be derived from local heat fluxes. Therefore, it is useful to incorporate an appropriate scheme for directly coupled heat transfer computations (conjugate heat transfer), capable of handling complex geometries into the existing Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes. The intent of the present work is to add the conjugate heat transfer solving capability to an existing flow solver. The coupled approach is achieved by maintaining a continuous local heat flux and a common temperature at the points along the fluid-solid interface. At every iteration, the temperature which is directly calculated via the equality of the local heat fluxes passing the fluid-solid contacting cell faces serves as the thermal boundary condition on the interfaces, instead of traditional isothermal/adiabatic thermal boundary conditions. In the solid domain, simplified energy equation is solved using the discretization and computational methods which have been used in the flow by introducing an effective equation of state. The connectivity is built for the points at the fluid-solid interfaces in order to communicate the thermal conditions with each other. Validation of the developed conjugate capability has been investigated. Computed results have been compared with theoretical or experimental results for laminar flat plate, high pressure guide vane, cooled plate, and effusion-cooled plate. All results obtained thus far compare rather favorably with theoretical or experimental results.

Le suivi précis de radiotraceurs, que ce soit en imagerie médicale, pour le stockage des déchets ultimes, ou pour certaines applications industrielles peut être un sujet très complexe. Le développement de détecteurs à bas bruit, grande stabilité sur le long terme, et grande flexibilité géométrique, initié par la société AXINT, permet aujourd'hui, pour certaines applications spécifiques, de développer des systèmes de détection aux performances inégalées. (Anfré, Burato, & Hautefeuille, 2009) (B. Hautefeuille, 2006) (Hautefeuille, et al., 2006) Les recherches entreprises dans le cadre de cette thèse seront prioritairement orientées sur des expériences de diffusion de radiotraceurs afin d'estimer le temps que mettraient des éventuelles fuites de produits radioactifs pour sortir des couches géologiques de stockage. Le sujet de cette thèse porte plus particulièrement sur l'étude de l'ion 22Na+, qui est l'un des cations dont la vitesse de diffusion est la plus élevée dans ce milieu, ainsi que les actinides qui représentent la majorité des éléments radioactifs des déchets nucléaires stockés. La thèse est dans la continuité des recherches menées par l'ANDRA (Agence Nationale des Déchets Radioactifs), sous contrat avec le laboratoire ILM (Institut Lumière Matière), dont AXINT est le sous traitant principal. (Hautefeuille, Tillement, & Dewonck, Ionizing radiations e.g. gamma radiations, detecting installation for e.g. environmental site, has analyzing system analyzing delivered electrical signals to quantify ionizing radiations detected by measurement probes, 2008) Le présent projet décrit les travaux de recherches prévus pour les prochaines années. Dans l'état inital des recherches, 2 détecteurs prototypes ont été installés en 2013 au laboratoire souterrain de Bure, afin de servir de prototypes opérationnels, ainsi que de point fixe de mesure du bruit de fond pour la future expérience DRN1202, objet des travaux de thèse de Mr Zhenhua LIN. (injection d'un cocktail HTO + 22Na) / The precise monitoring of radiotracers, for example used for medical imaging, for the storage of ultimate waste, or for certain industrial applications can be a very complex subject. The development of low-noise sensors with long-term stability and high geometric flexibility were engaged by the AXINT company. (Hautefeuille, et al., 2006). My PhD thesis was focused on experiments in the diffusion of radiotracers, typically to monitor the possible leakage of radioactive products from the geological repositories. We focuses on the study of the 22Na and 36Cl ion diffusion, which is one of the highest cation and anions diffusion rate in geological medium, as well as actinides, which represent the majority of the radioactive elements of Stored nuclear waste. This thesis is in continuity with the research carried out by ANDRA (National Agency for Radioactive Waste), under contract with the laboratory ILM (Institute Light Matter), of which AXINT is the main subcontractor. The present project describes the research work that foreseen the radiation impact on the environment for the coming years during the deep disposal of nuclear waste. Our work focus on the investigation and quantification of the radionuclide diffusion through the geological clay barriers. A new in situ experiment was considered by Andra for the study of the radionuclide migration. Compared to previous experiments, this new in situ diffusion test required longer distance (hundreds of mm), longer time-scale (over 10 years), and real time in situ monitoring of radionuclides migration. To fulfill these conditions, the work was organized as following: 1: Conception and dimensional design of the Diffusion of Radio Nuclide (DRN) experiments in solving emission of beta and gamma radiations 2: Development of corresponding beta and gamma monitoring systems by means of sensors located in peripheral boreholes