During winter the sun is in short supply. But research at KTH shows that solar radiation can be facilitated while energy consumption for lighting is reduced. This provided that the buildings are appropriately designed. But, unfortunately, the sunlight is often not taken into account and the results are the opposite. The energy savings depend on good town planning where the daylight is accessible for longer periods of time during the day, both indoors and outdoors. Then, the periods of use for electric light will decrease. This research is one of the first studies which evaluate the savings in energy with electric lighting due to the use of daylight in urban planning. Three different patterns for street layouts are evaluated and discussed in this report. For example, with straight streets it is possible to save approximately 11 % of the electric energy for the exterior lighting compared to a bending street during twilight.   However, it is possible to improve the daylight distribution with geometrical adjustments even along bending streets. Varying the height of the building along the street front and adding openings between the buildings can make for good daylight distribution, like in the strategic straight line format. The energy efficiency of the bending streets can be improved so the loss in energy efficiency compared to a straight street can be reduced from 11 % to 4 %, in a specific case.   The energy savings are not so great that they alone can justify a specific street type. A number of other factors must also be considered, such as architectural style, uniformity and the building system. A long-term goal is practical guidelines for “better” geometry in urban design, taking into consideration the sun and daylight. The construction cost is not higher in such geometries than in conventional designs, since daylight is free. Therefore daylight can open up for new types of settlements with advantages as more space with more outlooks. / <p>QC 20161028</p>

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Since evolution of &ldquo / global cities&rdquo / is based on private financial actors forming the global economic network, these cities are confronting not only lifestyle changes, but also architectural and urban transformations. An important urban element produced by cities in the global economic network is the new central business district, which house vertical building forms with high demographic density. As a complex urban element serving for national and international arena as service center of liberal economy and an urban prestige symbol of the city, design and planning process of new central business districts is gaining priority to solve complexity of its structure considering public use. The aim of this study is to explore the physical public space due to be created in the new central business district in Istanbul, which has been developing along the B&uuml / y&uuml / kdere Avenue. Critically concentrating on its design and the planning process and future strategies in a comparative study with other global city examples of Paris, Berlin and Singapore, which have been giving specialized priority to the planning phase and future strategies for their new central business district developments, it is aimed to develop a substantial basis for the conceptualization of how the new central business district can be implemented in Istanbul.

The main task in this thesis is to clarify the development of residential properties in the locality of Brno – Maloměřice a Obřany. Diploma thesis is focusing on history of this locality until present. In the thesis is described in detail this area survey of the significant residential buidings and the analysis for the future growth. The work is divided into few construction periods. Components of thesis is map, which showing progressive development of the city district.

The main task in this thesis is to clarify the development of residential properties in the locality of Brno – žabovřesky. Diploma thesis is focusing on history of this locality until present. In the thesis is described in detail survey of the significant residential buidings, historically protected villas, construction of residential complex, thus the whole constructions and their development, transformations or expansion. The work is divided into few construction periods, while the biggest and the highest quality development was during the First Republic. Components of thesis are created maps of area, which describe urban pattern of locality and emplacement some residential objects. These maps are linked by analysis of development opportunities in construction, structural built-up urban area, however it must be said, that locality, from the aspect of other possible constructions is already largely in finish.

The main task in this thesis is to prescribe the development of residential properties in the locality of Brno - Královo Pole. My diploma thesis is focusing on history of this quarter of the city until present. In the thesis is desribed in detail survey of the significant residentional buildings, construction of residentional complexes. Work us step by step through the development of these buildings from the beginning of construction on the territory to the possible future development in the area. In my thesis, there will be map drawings of the given area, old photographs of streets, residential and important civic buildings included. I would like to try to discover changes that have been made during recent years on the local building as well. In the end, I will also consider future building development opportunities in the built-up urban area.

This Diploma thesis is dealing with development construction of residential real estates in the area of Brno – Pisárky from the beginning of development in the end of 19th centuries till present. It is includes the history of this area and development of this location in the future. This thesis is divided into few construction periods, where are described in detail survey of significant residential buildings including pictures and photographs. The highest quality development was during inter-war period with beginning of functionalism. Development of this area is almost finished in the seventies of 19th century and from this time it is built just a few of new buildings or building attics or reconstruction. This thesis also contains historical maps, where we can see how was the area amplify and development.

Changes of physical, functional and social structure of the city as a result of the group of variously interrelated changes and events that are fundamentally participate in the formation of the image of the urban development. This doctoral thesis is based on research of the historical city center - squared. First part is focuses on the historical development of urban texture of the inner city of Brno and its squares. We are talking about Square of Freedom, Vegetable Market, Dominican square, Jacobs square, Capuchins square and Šilingrovo square. Based on individual characteristics, describing the emergence of morphological and functional changes in Brno square was created urban classification of basic types of square. City of Brno, as the capital city of region has a significant position in the structure of settlements. This fact has become one of the key aspects for the selection of examples of European cities and their squares. The second part of the thesis is based on comparative studies of different types of historical squares. In order to define the value of public spaces, it is necessary to look at the public places of historical perspective and deal with the causes that led to the decline of the importance and role of public spaces. Austrian capital cities of region (Graz, Linz, Klagenfurt and Salzburg) will be examined with regard to similar climatic conditions and a common cultural and historical context of the city. Based on urban patterns and graphic diagrams of each square are observed inner relationships between shapes of square, form, function and location of the position of an artwork. Research areas are also focused on comparing aspects of transport, green space, functional use, visual unit and social activities. The public space is shaped by a set of characteristics that promote diversity and interdependence of functions. For a better interpretation of the results have been established two benchmarks - symbol of identification with the place and the Magnet (function and filling space). The objective of the thesis is to define an aspects and elements of space which were involved in square use.