La thèse de doctorat explore, à travers une recherche qualitative de terrain, les fondements des élections résidentielles et les modes de vie résultants, chez des familles de classes moyennes en deux types de localisation dans la ville Santiago du Chili : central et péri urbaine. Les familles en localisation centrale habitaient dans des « condominios » horizontaux de la commune de Ñuñoa, tandis que les périurbains le faisaient dans des micro quartiers de l'ensemble résidentiel “Ciudad de Los Valles”, à Pudahuel rural. Le but a été d'identifier si l'élection par l'une ou l'autre localisation est précédée de l'adhésion à un mode de vie urbain spécifique, et si ces options donnent lieu à différentes pratiques par rapport aux sociabilités, aux mobilités et à la consommation. Les résultats démontrent que l'élection résidentielle constituerait le reflet plus ou moins conscient d'une conviction préalable sur ce qu'est une « bonne vie » dans la ville. L'actuel contexte de développement des villes, dont Santiago constitue un bon exemple, oblige donc à comprendre la mobilité et la permanence articulées de façons différentes selon l'expérience urbaine de l'habitant, dues en grande partie à la localisation et aux modes de vie que celles-ci induisent. Bien que nous ayons constaté qu'aucun des deux groupes est mobile dans le sens proposé par A. Bourdin (2004) les périurbains de l'échantillon seraient légèrement plus mobiles que les résidents en localisation centrale. Déjà leurs trajectoires résidentielles sont plus variées et complexes et leur disposition à la mobilité résidentielle beaucoup plus forte que dans le cas des habitants en localisation centrale. Ceux-ci n'ont aucun intérêt à abandonner la centralité et moins leur commune. Les deux groupes représentent alors une tension entre continuité et changement. Cela, non seulement dans des termes socio spatiaux, mais aussi, dans la manière où les changements dans la société chilienne s'expriment dans les actuels styles de vie. D'autre part, le caractère relatif attribué aux distances, qui s'exprime dans le fait que les deux groupes considèrent être dans une « localisation privilégiée », nous fait penser à la perception subjective des distances et à la distance même comme une représentation. Nonobstant, la mobilité périurbaine est légèrement plus centrée dans la reproduction de la vie quotidienne. Les résidents en localisation centrale soulignent, avant tout, la valeur de la fluidité, principe qu'ils étendent à leurs pratiques de consommation, où ils privilégient la liberté de choisir où, quand et quoi acheter. Cette accentuation de la liberté nous fait penser aussi à la possibilité « d'acheter du temps », aspiration qui marquerait une préférence particulière dans des segments de classes moyennes avec plus de capital culturel. Dans ce sens, les habitants en localisation centrale seraient une classe moyenne plus consolidée. Cela entretient une relation avec l'évolution historique de la commune et avec le poids qu'ont eu ces segments sociaux dans sa constitution. Sur ce point ce sont seulement les résidents en localisation centrale qui font des distinctions entre leur type de classe moyenne et celui d'autres groupes qui sont perçus comme des fractions en ascension. Ils se trouveraient dans les quartiers fermés des périphéries et au périurbain. Finalement le travail conclut que l'option par un certain lieu dans la ville, est le reflet de conceptions et de pratiques affirmées ou émergentes de relation avec les espaces urbains et avec ceux qui les fréquentent. Pour les périurbains : une ville fragmentée et éprouvée à partir d'une logique spatiale basée sur des fonctionnalités propres de leur classe sociale et leur cycle de vie, tandis que pour les centrales : une ville de contiguïtés et des bords / The thesis explores, through a qualitative research field, the foundations of residential elections and lifestyles resulting, among middle-class families, in two types of location in the city of Santiago de Chile: central and peri-urban location. Central location is understood for us as the location which is confined to the interior of the first ring of Communes and may be considered a consolidated urbanity area. These components, although they may be relatively similar in a particular social group, feed on the life history, on the process of social mobility and on the individual preferences of subjects, among other aspects. This conviction is activated when peoples make decisions about their location in the city based on the representation of lifestyle that it would be possible to reveal just in the chosen location. The results confirm changes in the sociability of proximity in both kinds of location, creating the neighborhood and the opportunity to cultivate a "neighborhood life", a key factor for the suburban residential choice. Despite of the ties to the neighborhood are less intense for the central location residents, it is seen however as a capital already acquired. The attachment and detachment, the identification and non-identification with the territory shows us different link ways of the inhabitants with the territory which is in a city in a continuous transformation process. The current context of city development, which Santiago is a good example, requires understanding mobility and stillness which are articulated differently because the urban experience of the inhabitant, largely due to the location and to the way of life that they lead. This is not only in terms of a socio-space point of view, but also in the way in which changes in Chilean society are expressed in current lifestyles. Moreover, the relative nature attributed to the distances, which is expressed in the fact that both groups consider to be in a "privileged position" makes us think about subjective perception of the distances and of the distance itself looks as a representation. Residents in central location emphasize, above all, the value of the fluidity, a principle that they extend to their consumption practices, where they prefer the freedom to choose where, when and what to buy. Also, the freedom accentuation reminds us of the opportunity to "buy time", an aspiration that would mark a particular preference in the middle class segments with more cultural capital. On this point, it is only the central location inhabitants who make distinctions between the kind of middle class and the other groups that are perceived as fractions in ascension. Finally, the paper concludes that the option for a particular place in the city is the reflection of conceptions and consolidated or emerging relationship practices with urban spaces and with those who frequent them. The chosen location is always a model city for the inhabitants; for the peri-urban ones is a fragmented city and it is proven from a spatial logic based on specific features of their social class and their cycle of life; while for the central inhabitants is a city of adjacencies and edges

O trabalho ora apresentado constrói uma interpretação da geografia das salas de cinema contemporâneas do município de São Paulo. Desde seu estabelecimento enquanto equipamento de lazer e cultura, o cinema desempenhou fundamental papel na produção e reprodução do espaço urbano paulistano, engendrando, em diferentes momentos, distintos significados sociais e diversas formas de sociabilidades. Em anos recentes, especialmente no decorrer das décadas de 1990 e 2000, o mercado exibidor cinematográfico paulistano foi modelado por pelo menos dois equipamentos, deveras distintos entre si: os cinemas multiplex, comumente localizado em shopping-centers, pertencentes a grandes redes empresariais, e os cinemas voltados para uma programação alternativa ou de arte, via de regra instalados em vias públicas ou em galerias, fomentando uma apropriação do espaço que podemos alcunhar de territorialidade. Considerando tal constructo social, o objetivo primordial foi analisar o significado das salas de cinema, as ações e apropriações desenvolvidas por seus freqüentadores, na e para a (re)produção do espaço urbano paulistano a partir da década de 1990, elaborando, para tanto, uma compreensão teórico-conceitual embasada nas concepções de redes geográficas e nas territorialidades decorrentes de apropriações espaciais.. A proposta epistemológica foi criar um amalgama complexo, que não mitigasse nem a relevância dos fatores culturais, interpretativos e apropriativos, causa e conseqüência dos cinemas, tampouco desconsiderasse a estruturação e as motivações econômicas dos agentes que coordenam a organização destes equipamentos. Crê-se, nesse sentido, que o trabalho, apresentando e refletindo acerca de um dos mais importantes elementos de lazer e cultura existentes no município de São Paulo, possa subsidiar uma crítica densificada de fenômenos e processos responsáveis, em grande medida, pela produção do espaço urbano contemporâneo e seus significados sociais. / The work for now presented builds an interpretation of the geography of the contemporary movie theaters of the municipal district of São Paulo. From the establishment of the movie theaters while leisure equipment and culture, this element played fundamental part in the production and reproduction of the São Paulo urban space, engendering, in different moments, different social meanings and several forms of sociabilities. In recent years, especially in elapsing of the decades of 1990 and 2000, the market cinematographic from São Paulo exhibitor was modeled for at least two equipments, really different amongst themselves: the multiplex movie theaters, commonly located in shopping centers, belonging to great business nets, and the movie theaters especialized in alternative programming or of art, rule installed in public roads or in galleries, fomenting an appropriation of the space that we can name of territoriality. Considering such a social product, the primordial objective went to analyze the meaning of the movie theaters, the actions and appropriations developed by their visitors, in the and for the (re)production of the from São Paulo urban space starting from the decade of 1990, elaborating, for so much, a theoretical-conceptual understanding based in the conceptions of geographical nets and in the current territories and space appropriations. The theoretical proposal went to create one amalgamates complex, that it didn\'t mitigate nor the relevance of the factors cultural, interpretative and of appropriation, it causes and consequence of the movie theaters, either disrespected the structuring and the agents\' economical motivations that coordinate the organization of these equipments. It is believed, in that sense, that the work, presenting and contemplating concerning one of the most important leisure elements and existent culture in the municipal district of São Paulo, it can subsidize a dense critic of phenomena and responsible processes, in great measure, for the production of the contemporary urban space and their social meanings.

O trabalho ora apresentado constrói uma interpretação da geografia das salas de cinema contemporâneas do município de São Paulo. Desde seu estabelecimento enquanto equipamento de lazer e cultura, o cinema desempenhou fundamental papel na produção e reprodução do espaço urbano paulistano, engendrando, em diferentes momentos, distintos significados sociais e diversas formas de sociabilidades. Em anos recentes, especialmente no decorrer das décadas de 1990 e 2000, o mercado exibidor cinematográfico paulistano foi modelado por pelo menos dois equipamentos, deveras distintos entre si: os cinemas multiplex, comumente localizado em shopping-centers, pertencentes a grandes redes empresariais, e os cinemas voltados para uma programação alternativa ou de arte, via de regra instalados em vias públicas ou em galerias, fomentando uma apropriação do espaço que podemos alcunhar de territorialidade. Considerando tal constructo social, o objetivo primordial foi analisar o significado das salas de cinema, as ações e apropriações desenvolvidas por seus freqüentadores, na e para a (re)produção do espaço urbano paulistano a partir da década de 1990, elaborando, para tanto, uma compreensão teórico-conceitual embasada nas concepções de redes geográficas e nas territorialidades decorrentes de apropriações espaciais.. A proposta epistemológica foi criar um amalgama complexo, que não mitigasse nem a relevância dos fatores culturais, interpretativos e apropriativos, causa e conseqüência dos cinemas, tampouco desconsiderasse a estruturação e as motivações econômicas dos agentes que coordenam a organização destes equipamentos. Crê-se, nesse sentido, que o trabalho, apresentando e refletindo acerca de um dos mais importantes elementos de lazer e cultura existentes no município de São Paulo, possa subsidiar uma crítica densificada de fenômenos e processos responsáveis, em grande medida, pela produção do espaço urbano contemporâneo e seus significados sociais. / The work for now presented builds an interpretation of the geography of the contemporary movie theaters of the municipal district of São Paulo. From the establishment of the movie theaters while leisure equipment and culture, this element played fundamental part in the production and reproduction of the São Paulo urban space, engendering, in different moments, different social meanings and several forms of sociabilities. In recent years, especially in elapsing of the decades of 1990 and 2000, the market cinematographic from São Paulo exhibitor was modeled for at least two equipments, really different amongst themselves: the multiplex movie theaters, commonly located in shopping centers, belonging to great business nets, and the movie theaters especialized in alternative programming or of art, rule installed in public roads or in galleries, fomenting an appropriation of the space that we can name of territoriality. Considering such a social product, the primordial objective went to analyze the meaning of the movie theaters, the actions and appropriations developed by their visitors, in the and for the (re)production of the from São Paulo urban space starting from the decade of 1990, elaborating, for so much, a theoretical-conceptual understanding based in the conceptions of geographical nets and in the current territories and space appropriations. The theoretical proposal went to create one amalgamates complex, that it didn\'t mitigate nor the relevance of the factors cultural, interpretative and of appropriation, it causes and consequence of the movie theaters, either disrespected the structuring and the agents\' economical motivations that coordinate the organization of these equipments. It is believed, in that sense, that the work, presenting and contemplating concerning one of the most important leisure elements and existent culture in the municipal district of São Paulo, it can subsidize a dense critic of phenomena and responsible processes, in great measure, for the production of the contemporary urban space and their social meanings.