Motivated by disquiet that walking, as both a travel mode and as a segment of public transport trips, is not accommodated well in South African cities, this dissertation has two central aims. The first is to understand better the need for travel by non-motorised modes and within local areas. The second is to contribute to the improvement of local area movement network configuration and management practices. The research is primarily exploratory in nature and was conducted within a 'critical social science' paradigm-in which the research process was driven by a series of questions regarding the critical interrogation of these practices. It explores some of the implications for practice of a post-apartheid urban transport policy discourse that prioritises understanding travel need, managing road space, and accommodating public transport users and pedestrians. Reviews of literature, examination of codes of practice, and interviews with practitioners were conducted to trace the origins and nature of practices in the fields of travel analysis and local network planning and to investigate evidence of relationships between local network planning practices and improved local travel conditions. A household travel survey was administered in metropolitan Cape Town to gather data on travel behaviour across various income bands and in different residential locations. The survey employed an innovative activity-based method, with theoretical origins in time geography. With the use of computer-assisted personal interviewing technology, it involved members of 204 households recording their activity schedule over a 24-hour period. The data were analysed using conventional methods of filtered cross-tabulation, as well as time-space instruments. The research found, inter alia, that as a result of being routinely excluded or underestimated in past surveys, the importance of walking has not been fully understood. Walking would appear to be particularly important in satisfying the travel needs of middle-and low-income households, and walking distance findings would appear to refute assumptions regarding the introverted nature of pedestrian trips that underlie conventional local network configuration practices. In the light of these and other findings the dissertation argues for functionally 'fuzzy' local networks within which pedestrians and cyclists are accommodated on 'permeable' networks of footways, pathways, cycleways and shared roadways, while motor cars are accommodated on variously discontinuous roadway networks. The dissertation also argues for the strategic identification of local areas requiring priority attention, and the preparation of integrated local area plans incorporating co-ordinated and proactive pedestrian planning, bicycle planning and traffic calming.

Thesis (MTech (Town and Regional Planning))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2006 / This research study explores corridor development and the various impacts on its su"ounding urban environment. These impacts include socio-economic influences, land-use changes, movement and transport needs and a critical look at development control, with specific emphasis on densities. The functioning of activity ~idors differs depending on the specific contexts. For this reason it is useful to investigate theory, as well as local and intemational case studies to have a clear understanding of what a corridor is and how it can be beneficial. This research not only explores corridor development in the context of the Developing World, but includes the Developed World context in the investigation phase of the study. This study is significant in that it is not only relevant to the Developing World or Developed World countries, but can be applied to both. This study focuses on the role ofpublic transport in corridor development. Public transport can be seen as the catalyst for development that is needed along the NGC. At present the public transport system in the sub-region does not comply with envisioned demands and needs. This is a major concem for the City of Cape Town as it is generally accepted that public transport must play an important role in the economic and social integration and upliftment all along the NGC, as far north as the town ofAt/antis. It is contended that the value of this research project will lie in providing a clear understanding of the term corridor development and its relevance to the Northern Growth Corridor, and possibly to most others.

M.Comm. / Transport is vital to development. Without adequate access to employment opportunities, health services, education and other amenities of life, the quality of life of the community will suffer. In developing countries and cities, where higher levels of poverty and unemployment are found and where resources are limited, the role of "good" transport becomes even more important. The dissertation identifies and describes a • number of urban transport problems being experienced in developing cities today. It refers to the experience of other countries that have been facing similar scenarios, as well as the steps they have taken (or are taking) to deal with them. This thesis suggests that South Africa can benefit from a closer look at some of these steps, and also identifies areas which require deeper research. The dissertation acknowledges that no single solution exists to solve the wideranging nature of the transport "problem". A combination of approaches would seem to be desirable. These include organisational changes as well as technological and infrastructural changes. The dissertation acknowledges further that no single study of this kind can investigate all of these solutions in sufficient depth. It does however deal with some of the organisational changes which are initially necessary to allow later technological and infrastructural improvements to be implemented more successfully. The organisational changes, most of which have already been investigated and researched in depth, include new contractual arrangements, such as privatisation and concessioning. They also include co-ordination and integration of services. The dissertation suggests that the "corridor" proposals of the Moving South Africa study will play an important role in underpinning the concept of co-ordination. As far as infrastructural and technological changes are concerned the thesis describes the "corridor" developments in the South American cities of Sao Paulo and Quito, both of which are introducing bus-ways of varying degrees of sophistication. These infrastructural improvements are being combined with the use of electric buses (duo-buses) drawing power from overhead lines. In Quito, this combination of infrastructure and new technology is handling large numbers of passengers at a level which is equivalent to that of many of the busier public transport routes in South Africa. The dissertation suggests that South African cities will benefit from these developments and proposes that an investigation into such improvements should be carried out. These include an integrated, co-ordinated formal public transport network for the Johannesburg area, and the introduction of corridors on which passenger vehicles of improved design (including duo-buses) could be used to maximum advantage. The dissertation acknowledges that the legislative and planning framework necessary to support such improvements is still being introduced. It points out, however, that the introduction of the proposed transport authorities, and the emphasis on the "corridor" concept will facilitate the process. The dissertation expresses the hope that these improvements will be placed on the agenda as soon as possible and that in so doing, the rehabilitation of formal public transport in South Africa will be promoted.

A Research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Development Planning, Johannesburg 2019 / As cities continue to experience rapid urban growth there are opportunities which exist in linking transport planning with dynamic land uses within the city. The main planning approach which stands out in achieving this is transit-oriented development planning. This form of planning is essential as it connects people with services and employment opportunities located in cities and urban areas. Transit-oriented development of a higher quality has the potential to generate revenue which can be used to improve the quality in transit-oriented systems and ultimately boost economic growth and development. Inclusive to this statement is the idea that transit systems are associated with societal benefits; congestion relief, social equity improvement, reductions in dangerous gas emissions and economic development. This study explores the importance of TOD and especially the prescribed linkages between proximity to a railway station and the influence this has on nearby commercial property prices. The study discusses the possible effects of other amenities found around close to the commercial properties and determines. The aim being to find out if these other amenities also have an impact on commercial property values in the study area. This is done through unpacking relatable discourse associated with transit-oriented development and through a research process which investigates whether there are other factors influencing commercial property values around the railway station in Jeppestown. The study will contribute towards the broader body of literature around TOD nodes, rail transit stations and commercial property values by providing empirical evidence provided by a quantitative study. The study uses multiple regression models to determine whether commercial property values are influenced by their proximity to a railway station or by other factors. It was initially expected that proximity would have an impact on commercial property values, but at the same time there was an argument for other factors and conditions located nearby to the commercial properties having an influence too. The empirical evidence collected showed that the proximity to the railway station was not statistically significant. The determinants of commercial property value which were significant were distance to school’s property age, retail, industrial and unidentified property. The limited impact of a railway station on commercial property value has been discussed in the analysis section of this thesis. The discussion has shed some light on the gaps associated with the way in which railway stations relate to commercial real estate property values in Metropolitan cities, across the developing world and beyond. The findings of the study will contribute towards better transit oriented development policies to be formulated as well as a better understanding of how public sector investments can help create value for properties. / PH2020

This study is intended to unpack the current and potential future commuter transport requirements in Kagiso Township within the context of transport planning and the ongoing transformation of the transport sector in South Africa. In order to meet the above challenges, it was felt that an investigation of the socio-economic profile of transport users in Kagiso Township was required, which would be indicative of potential needs and requirements in terms of current and future travel infrastructure. This study is significant, as it considers the impact of socio-economic factors and transport interactions by fully examining the impact of accessibility, urban development patterns, local mobility and planning. Mogale City’s Kagiso Township was selected for in-depth study because it has seen one of the highest urbanization rates in Gauteng Province, with people from all over Gauteng relocating to this suburb, either buying relatively moderately priced housing via mortgaging or, alternatively, trying to gain access to government low-cost housing. The study investigates the connection between socio-economic characteristics of a local population (inter alia, age, gender, household size, and vehicles per household, employment status and income) and their transport requirements (travel demand forecasting), within an urban transport context. Socio-economic characteristics of a population are important in transport demand forecasting because there is a general belief in transport planning that the predisposition to travel and trip generation vary with the characteristics of the traveller. A travel demand forecasting model by Bussière and Rice (1999) is used for the purposes of simulating existing and future travel patterns. The forecasted household mobility and needs of commuters in Kagiso Township are compared with current municipal plans to see whether such plans are realistic and can address existing needs. The evaluation of the current municipal plans is included to test the responsiveness of public policy and practice towards the needs of the affected local community. This evaluation extracted information on whether the relevant municipality has identified the problems and issues affecting the local community of Kagiso Township. In addition, it assessed whether the municipality has identified possible solutions to these problems and issues and whether it has prioritised any projects to improve transportation in Kagiso Township.

M.Com. / The problems and difficulties associated with moving about in the cities of the world are apparent to all urban dwellers. Congestion, delay, noise and accidents feature daily in their lives. Urban growth has increased the demand for services, among which passenger transport forms a major part. This increase in demand is a dynamic, ongoing process and it can be expected that transport will continue to pose severe problems, in spite of academic research, investigations and commissions of inquiry...

M.Com. (Transport Economics) / The movement of Black workers from the rural to metropolitan areas has increased in intensity in the past and a similar situation is expected to take place in the near future. Due to work opportunities, these Blacks are establishing themselves to an increasing degree in the Black townships which are situated on the borders of white residential - and industrial areas. This causes an ever increasing demand for public transport especially during peak hours ...

M.Comm. / Formal public transport has an important function to fulfill, both in terms of service provision and also in the broader context of the economy. This is so because so many workers live in dispersed areas and are dependent on public transport to arrive at work. This point is especially valid with regard to the Soweto area, which is one of the most heavily populated areas in South Africa, providing a large workforce to South Africa's most important economic region — the Witwatersrand. The main theme of this study is that all "formal" passenger transport operators in the Soweto area need to be integrated and that structural co-ordination should take place. This includes service provision in terms of routes and schedules as well as the ticketing system. This study provides an overview of the activities of the "formal" operators in the Soweto area. The conclusion that can be drawn is that the current "formal" service leaves considerable scope for improvement. It is also clear from the reports that have been quoted in this study that the minimum levels of service are not being achieved. Hence, this study proposes new road-based routes and schedules aimed at improving the coordination of bus and rail transport in the Soweto and surrounding areas. This study also proposes an integrated ticketing system, which is aimed at forming the basis for effective co-ordination. The purpose of these proposals is to assist the yet-to-be-established Transport Authorities to make decisions that will guide the co-ordination process in the right direction. The study also investigates other aspects that influence the "formal" public transport system. These include Government Policy, national objectives, ticketing systems and coordination. These aspects, combined with current research and schedules will be used as the basis where-upon new suggestions are made. The study emphasises that the suggestions made will not necessarily improve cost effectiveness but are primarily aimed at improving upon the current service. The study suggests however, that any additional funding that may be needed will be a moderate amount with regard to macro-economic variables, and at the same time will improve the quality of life of the community and will help in achieving national transport objectives as envisaged by the Moving South Africa study project. It is also suggested in this study that the time for meaningless debate is over and that the time has arrived to implement practical solutions with regard to the formal public passenger transport system in South Africa.

M.Tech. (Architectural Technology). / The design of a transport interchange, as a catalyst for an integrated environment, economically viable, that allows people opportunities for self-realisation through a cohesive landscape of management, production and reproduction. The proposed investigation originates from the observation that public transport in Soweto is characterized by non-integrated routes amongst existing public transport role players amounting to increased travelling costs for commuters in transit. This is because of a lack of information Exchange amongst existing role players, inadequate employment opportunity and urban vitality within the township milieu. This dissertation will conceptualise a transport interchange as catalyst for an integrated environment, economically viable, to allow people opportunities for self-realisation through a cohesive landscape of management, production and reproduction (see Figure 1.39 pg 60). The project seeks to reverse conventional notions which associate transport buildings with crime, race and class differentiation. The aim of the study is to improve the efficiency of public transport infrastructure in the developing township of Jabulani, Soweto through the design of a transport interchange that contributes to the urban vitality of the Jabulani node. The study will investigate alternative means to further integrate transportation interchanges into communities by: (i) critically evaluating the traditional role of transport interchanges in the city as pragmatic spaces where people connect from one mode of public transport to another, and (ii) rethinking how transport interchanges can be used as a space for the exchange of ideas ultimately re-branding transport interchanges as social platforms that promote the exchange of information between people in transit.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Architecture, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Urban Design. / The fountainhead of the tramways in South African cities occurred a century ago, when Johannesburg, in particular, experienced horse-drawn trams in the early 1890's. From a rough Babylon, this city has henceforth experienced significant changes in time and space, failing to avoid the desecration of racial segregation and the associated spatial ramifications. The contemporary city hs thus charged with the task of reconstruction and integration to redress the effects of past actions. In parallel, the renslssance of the tramway worldwide, in the form of rapid transit, has brought to light an opportunity to be exploited in the process of re-assembling the fragmented urban form. The catalytic and associated rtpple effects of rapid transit on the urban environment in nearby proximity is, considered critical to both the sustainability of the system and to the environment through which it operates. The underlying approach incorporates the notion of linking history and precedent as a means of instructing future designs. The process Is concerned w!th definition, decomposition, analysis of intermutual links, and re-assembling the whole, to achieve a higher level conceptual abstractlon and understanding. Such an understanding could facilitate the urban designer to maximise the catalytic benefits of a revived urban element. / Andrew Chakane 2018