This thesis investigates the construction of the &ldquo / Turkish side&rdquo / in the Cyprus conflict in connection with the emergence and rise of Turkish nationalism in the island. In this line, with regard to the development of Turkish Cypriot nationalism and its historical background, this study focuses on the period between 1948 and 1955 in which the political propaganda for making Turkey part of the conflict was carried out by the Turkish nationalist cadres of Cyprus and Turkey. This study attempts to analyze this propaganda by focusing on the newspapers Halkin Sesi and H&uuml / rriyet. In this study, it is assumed that the mentioned period in which the ground for getting Turkey involved in the Cyprus conflict was prepared can reveal the roots of the current relations between Turkey and the Turkish Cypriots. For this aim, this study attempts to specify the positions of the Republic of Turkey and Turkish Cypriots in the historical process of Cyprus politics through an analysis of the nationalist discourse of Halkin Sesi and H&uuml / rriyet.

From the middle of 20th century, as a result of devastating effects of world wars conservation activities intensified on the protection in area scale. Together with central government and local authorities, the owner or the user of the building, entrepreneurs, groups, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and society were meant to be included in the process. Today, local authorities play important role in the implementation of the restoration or street rehabilitation projects. Today in Turkey, municipalities are the second most important actors in the field of conservation after Ministry of Culture and Tourism. There are seen important changes after 1980s in Turkey in the field of conservation, which are that the localization in conservation increased and the role of local governments became more important. From the beginning of 2000s, the power of municipalities increases with the transfer of decision-making power to the municipalities. In this thesis, the role of local authorities in the field of conservation was discussed with the case of Hamam&ouml / n&uuml / -Ankara, a good example of the conservation implementation of a local authority showing the approach and study process of the municipality. Before explaining implementations of Altindag Municipality in Hamam&ouml / n&uuml / and their different effects on site and the people / a short start giving general information about development of role of local authorities in the field of conservation throughout the world was done and the legislative process in Turkey was stated. Moreover, after the assessment of implementation under different titles, some proposals for future of Hamam&ouml / n&uuml / were done.

In Turkey, the only city that currently operates BRT is Istanbul. There are researches that focus on different BRT systems in the world, yet there has not been a comprehensive, systematic and comparative evaluation of the BRT experience in Istanbul. There seems to be an urgent need to study this BRT investment, with a particular focus on planning, operation and ridership characteristics with a comparative approach. This thesis analyses the BRT corridor in Istanbul and answers the question whether Metrob&uuml / s in Istanbul is a success or not. In order to understand the criteria for defining success, planning, operation and ridership characteristics are identified based on the previous literature and particularly the analysis of three best practice cases that currently operate BRT / these are Curitiba, Bogota and Mexico City. The study sets the criteria in planning, operation and ridership of BRT systems drawn by previous studies and answers by people who were involved in these projects. It compares the best practice cases and the Istanbul Metrob&uuml / s / focusing on planning and operation characteristics and using primary indicators of performance and ridership. The study reveals strength and weaknesses of the Istanbul Metrob&uuml / s in comparison to best practice BRT cases in the world. The findings provide lessons both for the future extensions of the BRT in Istanbul and for other cities that may consider implementing this transit technology.

This study attempts to analyze the deregulation process of downstream oil industry in Turkey and to develop policies concerning Turkish downstream oil industry. Privatization of Petrol Ofisi and T&Uuml / PRAS and the enactment of the Petroleum Market Law in 2003 were the main implementations of radical deregulation process of downstream oil industry. The main goal of deregulation process has been to create a competitive market. However, establishment of a competitive downstream oil industry has not been achieved, yet. Despite the price liberalization, price competition between distribution companies has not been realized, so far. T&Uuml / PRAS was transformed to a private monopoly through the privatization. Moreover, price liberalization has increased both the refining margins of T&Uuml / PRAS and distribution margins of distribution companies at the expense of consumers. A comprehensive competition policy about downstream oil industry should be developed immediately. Furthermore, due to its poor performance since 2003, Energy Market Regulatory Authority&rsquo / s (EMRA) responsibilities in downstream oil industry should be removed and a new regulatory authority which will solely interest with petroleum sector should be established.

The arguments concerning the trade unionism and working class movement in Turkey as well as the largest confederation, T&uuml / rk-iS, in relation to the involvement in the political arena is debated in this thesis by underlining the lack of class identity among the workers. The main argument is that T&uuml / rk-iS was not established by the will and efforts of the workers. Another major discussion point of the thesis is the nonpartisanship policy of T&uuml / rk-iS. It has been found that T&uuml / rk-iS participated quite actively in the political sphere until the 1980 military intervention. However, the limits of this participation were widely drawn by the major political parties of the country. The thesis defends that there are problems stemming from the lack of class consciousness among the T&uuml / rk-iS workers, the hierarchal structure of T&uuml / rk-iS and the profit oriented approaches of the political parties towards T&uuml / rk-iS.

Search and Rescue (SAR) operations aim at finding missing objects with minimum time in a determined area. There are fundamentally two problems in these operations. The first problem is assessing highly reliable probability distribution maps, and the second is determining the search pattern that sweeps the area from the air as fast as possible. In this study, geographic information systems (GIS) and multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) are integrated and a new model is developed based upon Search Theory in order to find the position of the missing object as quickly as possible with optimum resource allocation. Developed model is coded as a search planning tool for the use of search and rescue planners. Inputs of the model are last known position of the missing object and related clues about its probable position. In the developed model, firstly related layers are arranged according to their priorities based on subjective expert opinion. Then a multi criteria decision method is selected and each data layer is multiplied by a weight corresponding to search expert&rsquo / s rank. Then a probability map is established according to the result of MCDA methods. In the second phase, the most suitable search patterns used in literature are applied based on established probability map. The developed model is a new approach to shortening the time in SAR operations and finding the suitable search pattern for the data of different crashes.

The thesis attempts to provide a critical evaluation of the social consequences of privatization. It is mainly based upon a field study conducted in Eregli, an industrial town in Central Anatolia, and evaluates workers&rsquo / attitudes towards the effects of privatization on their lives. For that purpose, firstly, social development paradigm is highlighted since its current premise is the necessity of privatization / secondly, Turkish Experience of the State Economic Enterprises is taken into consideration / and lastly, providing a case study on the privatization of S&uuml / merbank Eregli Cotton Plant, social consequences of privatization are examined more closely. Thus, it will also be possible to point out concretely that privatization is a social phenomenon in addition to its economic side. The main conclusion of this thesis is that a large scale privatization without taking into consideration social returns damaged the welfare of communities in which it experienced.

This thesis examines the &ldquo / unoccupied&rdquo / buildings in Ankara, which are not refunctioned due to the social, political, and economic reasons after 1980s. 1980s can be accepted as the breaking point in the social, economic and political history of Turkey. The significant policy of this period is the privatization of the governmental institutions, which includes the institutions of service, production and also finance. The building stock of privatized institutions is sold or assigned to the other institutions, or demolished. The object of the thesis is the unoccupied buildings in Ankara. The thesis particularly focuses on three of these buildings, which are Emlakbank, S&uuml / merbank and TEKEL Buildings in Ulus. The thesis aims to understand the common points how these buildings become unoccupied. The possessions of Emlakbank, S&uuml / merbank and TEKEL were transferred from the public sector (government) to the private sector (business) after 1980s. Their buildings, which were used as the central administration buildings are still unoccupied. Although they are physically present, their non-presence in terms of function can be considered to be creating &ldquo / voids&rdquo / of the city. For each building, related data is collected. The selected buildings and the institutions, they belonged to, are studied through their limited chronologies (their stories) by the help of the newspapers, interviews, laws, codes and regulations. The collected data helps to analyze the objects as a text, which provides evaluation of the total scene (i.e.the city of Ankara). By thoroughly investigating and discussing unoccupied buildings and their reasons of becoming unoccupied, this study makes an alternative reading of the transformation of Ankara.

Historical Turkish baths still keeping their functional systems represent their original architectural and building technologies. Studies on the functional systems of historical baths are therefore needed to discover such technologies and to maintain them in working order. This study was conducted on a 15th century historical Turkish bath, Seng&uuml / l Hamami, in Ankara for assessment of its water supply and drainage systems. These systems comprised of hot and cold-water supply, wastewater and rainwater drainage, were examined in terms of their adequacy, capacity and faults. Comparisons were made with certain other historical Turkish baths to determine their original water storage and consumption capacities. The investigations were made by using non-destructive methods. Among them, the calculation methods used for discharge capacity assessment of drainage systems in Seng&uuml / l Hamami and consumption capacities of its water supply system were adapted and developed from the calculation methods used for contemporary buildings. Serious dampness problems arising from certain roof drainage faults were identified in the building. The wastewater collection and discharge system was found to have serious problems due to improper grading and inadequate flow dimensions of drains and wastewater channels. The ideal situation for the improvement of discharge systems was discussed together with some suggestions on the urgent remedial interventions, preventive measures and future improvements. The methods developed in this study were considered useful for the calculation of adequacy and capacity of wastewater and roof drainage systems and of water storage and consumption capacities of water supply system for the other historical baths.

Every year, thousands of people all over the world are loosing their lives in natural disasters. As a second most widespread hazard, landslides are still a disaster problem for Turkey. The long-term monitoring studies of instability phenomena have a paramount importance for Turkey to reduce its both direct and indirect effects. The objective of this thesis is to monitor the activity of the B&uuml / lb&uuml / lderesi and Bakacak landslides in Asarsuyu Catchment for 42 years period by the digital aerial photogrammetric techniques while evaluating the possible use of archive aerial photography in such analysis. To achieve the purpose of the study an orthophoto map was generated by aerial photographs belonging to 1994 year. The orthophoto map was utilized as a base map for aerial photo interpretation of different sets of aerial photographs corresponding to 1952, 1972, 1984 and 1994 years. As a result of this, 4 landslide activity maps are obtained. In addition, the characteristics of these landslides are analyzed by utilizing digital elevation model (DEM) created from stereo photographs of 1994. As a result of the study, no considerable variation is detected in the position of main boundaries of B&uuml / lb&uuml / lderesi and Bakacak landslides except some minor differences. However, within the landslides many topographical changes were observed between 1952 and 1994 period. Based on the profiles from toe to crest of the B&uuml / lb&uuml / lderesi landslide, the approximate length was measured as 4773m whereas the approximate width was about 2614m. The areal extent was calculated as ~12km2 having an approximate slope gradient ranging between 10-15&deg / with local variations. On the other hand, the approximate length of Bakacak landslide was 4420m and the approximate width was 832m from toe to crest with an area of ~4km2 and with an approximate slope angle 9-14&deg / .